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Topic: Secondary Gain

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	Primary gain - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The presumed motivation of secondary gain is the overall reduction of anxiety.
		Secondary gain is often confused with primary gain in the forensic setting, incorrectly equated or confused with malingering or viewed as a conscious or deliberate process that should therefore disqualify the litigant from receipt of any settlement.
		Secondary gain is a term popularised by hypnotherapy and NLP.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Primary_gain (351 words)

	AANS.org \| Education and Meetings \| AANS Scientific Journals \| Neurosurgical Focus
		Although economic forms of secondary gain were not associated with a poor outcome in cervical disease, both the rank (p = 0.002) and duration (p = 0.03) of an individual's military career were significant factors (p = 0.02).
		Secondary gain in the form of economic compensation influences outcome in lumbar but not cervical disc surgery patients; the increased rate of disability referral in patients who underwent lumbar discectomy may reflect an expectation of economic compensation.
		Although secondary gain in the form of economic compensation has been associated with poor outcome in patients with lumbar disc disease,[1,4,9,19,25,26,29,32] the relative contribution of this factor in cervical disc disease has been studied only sparingly.
	aans.org /education/journal/neurosurgical/august98/5-2-6.asp?... (3385 words)

	Subconscious Mind on Chronic Pain Therapy
		Secondary gain is a psychiatric term meaning that a person has a hidden reason for holding onto an undesirable condition.
		Finding and releasing the perception of secondary gain, such as the attention one receives, monetary compensation for disability, or just the need to deny the original cause of the pain, can greatly contribute to healing.
		Often, the secondary gain issue is subconscious because consciously, we consider it to be shameful.
	www.circlesoflight.com /jeri-noble/secondary-gain.shtml (861 words)

	Petroleum - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Also, some wells (secondary wells) may be used to pump water, steam, acids or various gas mixtures into the reservoir to raise or maintain the reservoir pressure, and so maintain an economic extraction rate.
		Secondary oil recovery uses various techniques to aid in recovering oil from depleted or low-pressure reservoirs.
		Other secondary recovery techniques increase the reservoir's pressure by water injection, natural gas reinjection and gas lift, which injects air, carbon dioxide or some other gas into the reservoir.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Petroleum (5636 words)

	Secondary Gains (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Secondary gain originated from the psychoanalytic literature to denote the additional gain apart from the primary gain in conversion disorders.
		In this context, secondary gain is synonymous to monetary reward which is not entirely true.
		In this instance, the valence of secondary gain is neutral.
	www.kwanfriel.com /secondary_gains.htm (330 words)

	Bankruptcies of the Heart (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		It may be that those living with spouses or significant others are relieved from some or all of their domestic chores some or all of the time, but I question whether this is perceived as a "reward" by most persons disabled by chronic pain.
		The fourth commonly referenced secondary gain is the supposed monetary compensation which approximates actual wages that persons disabled by chronic pain receive.
		Secondary gain, or any other concept built on myths and stereotypes which contribute to ongoing discrimination against persons disabled by chronic pain needs to be exposed for what it is — unconscionable in a democratic society.
	www.cssa-inc.org /Articles/Bankruptcies.htm (1605 words)

	Archived: NEW MEXICO
		Two measures of student gain are implemented at the secondary level: gain in both basic math and English and gain in vocational course completion.
		Academic gain in basic skills is measured through the use of the Iowa Test of Basic Skills (ITBS) during the eighth grade to establish baselines and administration of the New Mexico Competency Exam (NMCE) in the 10th grade.
		Placement at both the secondary and postsecondary levels is determined by the number of program completers who are employed in a job related to their training program, unrelated to their training program, enrolled in further education, or enlisted into military service.
	www.ed.gov /pubs/VocEdAcct/nm.html (493 words)

	Estimating Use-Dependent Synaptic Gain in Autonomic Ganglia by Computational Simulation and Dynamic-Clamp Analysis -- ...
		C: gain relations for a solitary primary synapse and for 9 secondary synapses in the absence of a primary synapse.
		When the gain data for each level of convergence was plotted as a function of the resting potential, it revealed a trend toward higher gain at hyperpolarized resting potentials that was absent when n = 0 and most evident when n = 9.
		Secondary nicotinic synapses on sympathetic B neurons and their putative role in ganglionic amplification of activity.
	jn.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/92/5/2659 (7339 words)

	Archived: SOUTH DAKOTA
		At the secondary level, gain in basic/advanced academic skills measures the percentage of student completers gaining a.5 or more normal curve equivalent on the Stanford Achievement Tests or Metropolitan Achievement Tests in reading, math and science between the 8th and 11th grades.
		At the postsecondary level, gain in basic and advanced academic skill is measured by identifying the number of students not possessing these skills at the beginning of the program with the number of completers who demonstrate gain in those skills associated with their program.
		Special populations are addressed through establishment of a secondary measure which monitors the enrollment and completion of special population students and which monitors supplemental instruction, support services and recruitment and outreach efforts for special populations at the postsecondary level.
	www.ed.gov /pubs/VocEdAcct/sd.html (593 words)

	03-281
		A: Secondary gain is just other, other reasons for people being disabled other than, other than the extent of the disability itself, other factors.
		In the present case, there was no evidence of secondary gain and, moreover, White testified that a lack of motivation to return to work did not seem to apply to Dovers.
		Rather, it was on redirect examination that Dovers's counsel developed the issue on secondary gain; further, Dovers reopened the door to the testimony that she now argues is inadmissible.
	courts.state.ar.us /opinions/2003b/20031113/03-281.html (5851 words)

	California Brain Injury Lawyer, Scarlett Law Group
		Clearly, the defenses motivation for use of the malingering defense is to establish that the victim or plaintiff is not worthy of a recovery.
		Given the rather imperfect methodology employed in utilizing personality tests to determine whether an individual is malingering, or has secondary gain motivations, counsel must be cautioned to strictly examine any expert relying solely on personality tests in order to determine this issue.
		When all treating doctors concur that the plaintiff is genuine, that no malingering or secondary gain motivation exists, then counsel must prepare for a complete analysis of all test data utilized by the defense expert in order to conclude that malingering is present.
	www.scarlettlawgroup.com /news.php4?newsid=13 (1466 words)

	Conversion disorder - Definition, Description, Causes and symptoms, Demographics, Diagnosis, Treatments, , , Prognosis, ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Two terms that are used in connection with the causes of conversion disorder are primary gain and secondary gain.
		Primary gain refers to the lessening of the anxiety and communication of the unconscious wish that the patient derives from the symptom(s).
		Secondary gain refers to the interference with daily tasks, removal from the uncomfortable situation, or increased attention from significant others that the patient obtains as a result of the symptom(s).
	www.minddisorders.com /Br-Del/Conversion-disorder.html (2973 words)

	Secondary Gain
		Secondary gain is a psychological term that means that a person has a hidden reason for holding on to an undesirable condition or behavior.
		More often than not this issue is unconscious and is most often uncovered during therapy or, as was the case with this woman, can surface during certain awareness exercises.
		With Secondary Gain, people are motivated to continue with their negative behavior because there is some kind of secondary payoff or benefit generated from that behavior.
	www.lifescript.com /channels/well_being/Inspiration/secondary_gain.asp (560 words)

	Hidden Cause Of Weight Gain
		With Secondary Gain, people are motivated to continue with their negative behavior because there is some kind of a payoff or benefit generated from doing so.
		Once you become aware of this behavior and recognize what that secondary gain is, you are then in a perfect position to find alternative ways to fulfill that need.
		As one online description states: "Secondary Gain is the mental equivalent of a 'loss leader' in business, a strategy that sacrifices profit on the front end but subsequently yields a return.
	www.ediets.com /news/article.cfm/cmi_1927516/code_12743 (688 words)

	Timeslot interchange network - Patent 6160807
		The time slot interchange of claim 1, wherein the channel input of the signal processing circuit is coupled to the data channel memory by a data channel multiplexer, the data channel multiplexer having a selection input connected to the connection memory.
		The gain value may represent an amplification or an attenuation of the data read out of the data channel RAM 18 for the current output channel.
		The secondary connection RAM 44 generates a secondary output channel, in the same manner as the primary connection RAM 42.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /6160807.html (4343 words)

	Malingering
		Although there may also be some secondary gain (e.g., disability payments), there are also secondary costs (e.g., loss of a fulfilling job, loss of income, loss of function).
		However, the secondary costs are often so high that it makes the physician assume the disorder could not have been self-induced; this assumption can lead to substantial delays in diagnosis.
		In malingering, the secondary gain of some external benefit is usually greater than the secondary costs and is obvious to an outside observer.
	www.health.am /psy/more/malingering (1393 words)

	Secondary Nicotinic Synapses on Sympathetic B Neurons and Their Putative Role in Ganglionic Amplification of Activity ...
		A, Schematic for convergence of primary (1°) and secondary (2°) synapses on a sympathetic B neuron is shown.
		The distribution of primary and secondary nicotinic synapses was analyzed in two groups of B neurons.
		Synaptic gain within these limits is regulated by preganglionic patterns of activity and by mechanisms that enhance or inhibit the strength of secondary nicotinic synapses.
	www.jneurosci.org /cgi/content/full/20/3/908 (7123 words)

	CiteULike: Tag secondary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Evaluation of the suitability of free-energy minimization using nearest-neighbor energy parameters for RNA secondary structure prediction.
		Secondary gain concept: a review of the scientific evidence.
		Insertion mutagenesis to increase secondary structure within the 5' noncoding region of a eukaryotic mRNA reduces translational efficiency.
	www.citeulike.org /tag/secondary (1124 words)

	Psychoanalytic Perspectives of the Relationship Between Anxiety and Performance
		Included is a discussion of winning and the anxiety of separation from an object relations perspective, the dread of success, self psychology, Freudian instinct theory, and the secondary gain that is found in defeat.
		Women are often taught that aggression is unfeminine, not lady-like and are faced with the conflict of winning versus being seen as "unfeminine." This conflict has an impact on performance and brings us to a discussion of secondary gain over losing.
		Secondary gain is a standard psychoanalytic concept and is considered a reason that neurotic symptoms are so difficult to give up.
	www.athleticinsight.com /Vol1Iss2/Psychoanalytic_Anxiety.htm (2421 words)

	OhioLINK ETD: McCants, Kellie
		The results suggest that although none of the proposed model variables (attention deficit-related behavior, secondary gain, family life stress, and child-reported illness attitudes) is a significant predictor of adherence, secondary gain does moderate the relationship between asthma severity and adherence (with peak flow as a covariate).
		More specifically, a significant positive correlation between severity and adherence exists only when secondary gain is low; otherwise, the correlation is non-significant.
		The optimal linear combination of participant age, secondary gain, child-reported illness attitudes, family stress, and attention-related behavior problems is not a significant predictor of prescription refill rate when physiological outcome is covaried from refill rate.
	www.ohiolink.edu /etd/view.cgi?osu1041866923 (231 words)

	Credentials
		Unreasonable Secondary Gain is: added on, undeserved money and/or benefits such as dependency, help from others when you can do things yourself, or getting unnecessary sympathy because you are regarded as a disabled worker.
		The reason for presenting this to the Injured Worker office population and not to the regular patient population is that when litigation is a factor in a case, people in the Worker’s Comp System are suspicious that the IW will have Secondary Gain motives to exaggerate or fake their signs and symptoms.
		It is important that the IW not exaggerate, or give the impression of having inordinate Secondary Gain purposes driving their case.
	www.liveyoung.com /credentials.htm (986 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The secondary gain in this case is the elimination of the pain in the tooth.
		Elimination or avoidance of pain is often a secondary gain.
		Another secondary gain might be the attention of others due to an episode of discomfort, in which case the attention would more than compensate for the discomfort.
	www.selfmindcontrol.com /exercises/secretofsuccess.shtml (1656 words)

	Do you want to be Cured? Really?
		When I started to look into secondary gain I realised that the idea of being away from home, taking responsibility for myself, being in a foreign country all alone, and exposing myself to lots of danger absolutely petrified me to the core!
		Although I don’t think secondary gain is so deeply buried that you need to do anything radical to find it, it can be hard to find.
		Sometimes this is also down to secondary gain, and therefore you might find it hard to start tackling your secondary gain.
	www.anxiety2calm.com /secondary_gain_anxiety.shtml (629 words)

	Depression - The Anatomy of Melancholy - Causes and Explanations
		Psychoanalysts also speak of the “secondary gains” of an illness.
		Although the secondary gains are not principal causes of an illness, they can aggravate it.
		In the case of depression, an example of a secondary gain is escape from responsibility.
	www.thehealthcenter.info /emotions/depression/causes.htm (895 words)

	eMedicine - Munchausen Syndrome : Article by William Ernoehazy, Jr, MD, FACEP (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		MSBP is a syndrome in which an adult simulates or creates symptoms in a child to receive an ill-defined secondary gain from the child's hospitalization.
		Once a determination has been made that a disease presentation is factitious, the absence of a clear source of primary or secondary gain is the hallmark that distinguishes Munchausen syndrome from other factitious illnesses.
		There is no obvious or plausible secondary gain to the caretaker who performs these actions.
	www.emedicine.com /emerg/topic322.htm (2132 words)

	secondary gain - General Practice Notebook (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Secondary gain is the term used by Freud to describe the advantage which patients gain by their symptoms eg sympathy, avoidance of a difficult situation.
		It is a feature that is said to characterise hysteria.
		Oxbridge Solutions Ltd® is an independent company owned by the authors which does not receive income from any other organisation or individual.
	www.gpnotebook.co.uk /cache/93978638.htm (102 words)

	TaxAlmanac - Tax Shelter for Gain on Secondary Ho...
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	taxalmanac.org /index.php?title=Tax_Shelter_for_Gain_on_Secondary_Ho... (102 words)

	Hypnotherapy with Stephen Rigby - Overcome Panic Attacks
		Unfortunately, secondary gain can create a vicious circle with the subconscious expecting certain benefits from panic attacks.
		Often these benefits are not understood at a conscious level but if it is secondary gain that is causing panic attacks to persist, they will never be controlled without the sufferer becoming aware of that secondary gain.
		Hypnotherapy treatment using hypnosis and NLP can be extremely effective in resolving the fears and revealing secondary gain that perpetuate panic.
	www.rigbys.net /fears/panic.htm (623 words)

	Yoga, the essentials
		Tertiary Gain: after-(self-) affect of the secondary gain
		primary being'ness), jnanam (secondary knowing'ness, interpreted as con'sciousness), anantam (unlimited'ness).
		For 'after-(self-) affect of secondary gain' read: self-referential string or sequence (hence chit, alternately self-referenced as jnana) affect.
	homepage.eircom.net /~nagig/yoga.html (1241 words)

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