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Topic: Secondary articulation

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	Secondary articulation - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Secondary articulation refers to co-articulated consonants where the two articulations are not of the same manner.
		The approximant-like secondary articulation is weaker than the primary, and colors it rather than obscuring it.
		Since secondary articulation has a strong effect on surrounding vowels, it will often seem that it precedes the consonant, or both precedes and follows it.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Secondary_articulation (246 words)

	Palatalization - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		As a phonetic description, the secondary articulation of consonants by which the body of the tongue is raised toward the hard palate during the articulation of the consonant.
		This is a modification to the articulation of a consonant, where the middle of the tongue is raised, and nothing else.
		It may produce a laminal articulation of otherwise apical consonants such as /t/ and /s/.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Palatalization (1147 words)

	Articulation
		Articulation is a cooperative effort between South Dakota’s high schools and technical institutes.
		Articulation agreements will be reviewed on an annual basis as well as during the program review cycle at the post-secondary level.
		Articulated courses will be honored by all post-secondary institutes for those course(s) that have common course names and numbers.
	mti.tec.sd.us /techprep/Articulation.htm (389 words)

	Foreign Language Program Articulation: Building Bridges from Elementary to Secondary School. ERIC Digest.
		For the educational practitioner, articulation is the process of providing a smooth and logical transition from an elementary to a secondary program and ensuring continuity from one FLES classroom to another.
		Secondary school administrators need to be informed about the types of elementary language programs in their district and to work with the language teachers to accommodate those experienced learners who want to continue language learning at the secondary level.
		Secondary school administrators also need to work closely with the elementary administrators and teachers to develop a program that will recognize the previous learning of the student and enable that learning to become a foundation for continued language development.
	www.ericdigests.org /pre-929/bridges.htm (1479 words)

	Archived: The Emergence of Tech-Prep at the State and Local Levels
		Because articulation is a key and easily defined component of Tech-Prep, and Title IIIE grants generally were awarded competitively, districts and colleges that had pre-existing articulation agreements may have been most likely to receive Tech-Prep funding in the early cycle of the grant program.
		We suspect, therefore, that the sum of the number of postsecondary institutions with articulation agreements reported by consortia is not an unduplicated count and that the actual number of postsecondary institutions involved in articulation is somewhat lower.
		In 300 to 400 consortia, articulation agreements provided for changing the competencies that are covered in postsecondary courses that are components of an occupational sequence (43 percent), or that are covered in secondary courses (53 percent).
	www.ed.gov /pubs/Emergence/ch7d.html (1934 words)

	TSPR El Paso Community College - Chapter 2
		Articulation is a way to provide high school students opportunities to obtain community college credit for skills mastered or work completed while they are in high school.
		The formal articulation agreement can take many forms but usually a brief document is signed by the appropriate representatives of the participating institutions that outlines the conditions of the articulation.
		Secondary articulation was assigned to one provost, articulation related to post-secondary institutions was the responsibility of a second provost, and all Tech-Prep efforts were assigned to an executive dean.
	www.window.state.tx.us /tspr/elpaso_cc/chapt2d.htm (834 words)

	About Tech Prep
		The purpose of articulation is to increase academic rigor within the high school program, reduce duplication of course work at the post-secondary level, and recognize the accomplishments and advanced skills gained during the student’s high school training through college credit and/or advanced placement in the post-secondary portion of the program when applicable.
		However, all articulated programs, when credit is given, must have a signed articulation agreement outlining the agreed-upon sequence of courses and provisions for granting credit to participating students.
		The credit earned in an articulated program is generally provided by the post-secondary institution to students at a reduced rate (and in some areas, at no cost), and is generally transferable to other post-secondary institutions within the state.
	www.aztechprep.org /Academic_Skills/academic_skills.html (648 words)

	Heart of Ohio Tech Prep
		Articulation is a process where two or more educational institutions work together to establish the conditions and terms that allow successful transition of students from high school to college/post-secondary education.
		Articulation agreements are the "bridge" that authenticates and connects the "2+2" seamless components of Tech Prep high-school-to-college programs.
		Articulation agreements may contain a special form for requesting college credit or for requesting to take a college proficiency test to earn credit for a course.
	www.cscc.edu /Techprep/ARTICULATION.htm (1307 words)

	TECH PREP
		Articulation is an agreement between a high school and community college which establishes a curriculum and education pathway for students so they may easily make their transition from secondary schools to higher education.
		Articulation saves students time and money by eliminating the need to repeat skill training in college that was mastered in a high school program.
		Articulation can increase both the number and quality of secondary students who enroll in college technical programs and who later go on for a bachelor’s degree or other higher education.
	www.wacc.cc /TechPrep/index.htm (940 words)

	Articulation between Secondary or Postsecondary Vocational Education Programs and Proprietary Schools. Overview. ERIC ...
		Little research has yet to be done, however, on articulation between vocational programs at the secondary and/or postsecondary level and proprietary schools.
		Obtaining a commitment from schools' top-level administrators, involving top personnel in planning, arranging for teachers and counselors from the various institutions to get to know one another, and focusing efforts on a different curriculum if some faculty attitudes cannot be changed are all ways of overcoming the barrier of leadership, staff, or faculty reluctance.
		These cover all stages of the process of developing an articulation agreement from needs assessment to selecting one or two program areas in which to begin to develop written agreements providing secretarial support for and publicizing the articulation arrangement.
	www.ericdigests.org /pre-925/vocational.htm (1384 words)

	Multiple articulation and coarticulation
		The secondary articulation is normally the addition of an approximant or vowel-like articulation to the primary one.
		Coarticulation and secondary articulation are not synonymous: though consonant-vowel coarticulation is manifest as secondary articulation differences on the consonant, consonant-consonant coarticulation may involve adjustments of the primary place of articulation.
		In this case, the secondary articulation cannot be attributed to coarticulation.
	www.phon.ox.ac.uk /~jcoleman/MULTART.htm (1018 words)

	Cardinal Principles Of Secondary Education
		Secondary education should be determined by the needs of the society to be served, the character of the individuals to be educated, and the knowledge of educational theory and practice available.
		In view of the important role of secondary education in achieving the objectives essential in American life, it follows that higher institutions of learning are not justified in maintaining entrance requirements and examinations of a character that handicap the secondary school in discharging its proper functions in a democracy.
		It is the firm belief of this commission that secondary education in the United States must aim at nothing less than complete and worthy living for all youth, and that therefore the objectives described herein must find place in the education of every boy and girl.
	tmh.floonet.net /articles/cardprin.html (10620 words)

	Pima Community College : Pima County Community College District Regulation
		Articulation agreement requests will be accepted by the Office of Occupational Education by February 1st and October 1st of each year.
		Each high school articulation agreement, once approved, must be reviewed and renegotiated at least once every two years or when there have been substantial course competency changes by either the high school or the College.
		The intent and expectations of secondary school articulations include: (1) awarded credit may expedite the completion of a Pima College credential, and (2) the high schools will be able to better prepare students for success in Pima Community College programs.
	www.pima.edu /policies/collegeregulations/RG-3101-B.shtml (792 words)

	IV. J. Articulation and Transfer
		Technical Colleges are required to establish articulation agreements with interested area high schools to ensure that students receive course credit when established competencies have been achieved.
		Formal Articulation Agreement - Technical Colleges are required to develop formal written agreements with interested area high schools that give credit based on competencies achieved in selected courses.
		Local articulation agreements between Technical Colleges and secondary schools shall determine the length of time students have to use articulated credit processes.
	www.dtae.org /dtaepolicy/docs/04-03-03.html (627 words)

	JITE Volume 37, Number 1 - David J. Pucel and Sharon K. Sundre
		An articulation agreement is a formal mechanism by which secondary and postsecondary institutions commit to jointly develop and implement Tech Prep curricula and instruction (Suba, 1997).
		This study was designed to determine the extent to which articulated Tech Prep programs are actually being implemented and monitored to ensure that the hypothesized student benefits are being achieved as students matriculate from the secondary to postsecondary level.
		If the anticipated student benefits of articulated Tech Prep programs are to be realized when students enter the postsecondary institutions, there not only needs to be a system in place to monitor the development of articulation agreements, but there needs to be another system to monitor their implementation.
	scholar.lib.vt.edu /ejournals/JITE/v37n1/pucel.html (3593 words)

	Articulation
		Articulation is a process which links a high school and college course in order to help students avoid experiencing a delay in or duplication of learning.
		The articulation agreement is a commitment for the high school and the community college to jointly develop and implement Tech Prep curricula and instruction.
		Upon approval of the articulation, signatures from the Department Chair and the Instructor are required.
	www.palomar.edu /techprep/html/articulation.html (328 words)

	Pima Community College : Pima County Community College District Standard Practice Guide
		The intent of secondary school articulation agreements is to provide college credit to students for prior learning of competencies that are equivalent to those offered in College courses.
		The high school representative requesting the articulation agreement has the responsibility for identifying and matching the PCC course that encompasses the competencies offered within the equivalent high school course(s) and that will be included on the Memorandum of Understanding.
		Those students who attend or attended a secondary school in Pima County or some secondary schools outside of Pima County, who have completed course competencies for course equivalency under an approved articulation agreement, and who are enrolling in Pima Community College, may make known their desire to articulate course credits at the time of enrollment.
	www.pima.edu /policies/standardguidlines/SPG-3101-BA.shtml (2089 words)

	Beyond Secondary School Graduation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The workshop concluded that where applied courses are offered, attention must be given to the development of clear routes of articulation and laddering, and to regular communication between the partners (universities, colleges, employers and teachers) to ensure that students do not confront unanticipated barriers to their progress.
		Articulation between the secondary and post-secondary institutions is being enhanced as post-secondary faculty are participating in school curriculum revisions.
		They improve access to and completion of programs; they promote dialogue between secondary and post-secondary educators and representatives of business and industry and labour; they provide greater mobility and choice for students while reducing inefficient duplication; and they launch young people onto a path of career preparation from their final years in secondary school.
	www.bccat.bc.ca /pubs/lm.htm (2228 words)

	ED282095 1987-00-00 Articulation between Secondary or Postsecondary Vocational Education Programs and Proprietary ...
		Articulation between Secondary or Postsecondary Vocational Education Programs and Proprietary Schools.
		Besides faculty reluctance, Lerner (1987) identifies the following as major barriers to articulation between secondary or postsecondary vocational programs and proprietary schools: communication breakdown, lack of enthusiasm, inability to sell the concept at the top level, leadership, staff, elitism, and reluctance to change curriculum.
		Lerner (1987) has identified three types of articulation between secondary or postsecondary vocational programs and proprietary schools.
	www.thememoryhole.org /edu/eric/ed282095.html (1427 words)

	Harper College Transfer Planning Guide
		Secondary education is not a major at the baccalaureate level in Illinois.
		As part of the Illinois Articulation Initiative (Phase II), participating schools will accept EDU 201, EDU 202, and EDU 211/PSY 228 in transfer; however, they may or may not substitute for upper division professional course work required for certification.
		Since secondary education is not a major at the baccalaureate level, students need to select a major and a teaching minor from among those disciplines taught in high schools.
	www.harpercollege.edu /transfer/majorpdf/secondaryed.htm (633 words)

	Untitled Document
		Articulation in its simplest form is the alignment of a sequence of courses that do not have to be repeated upon entry to college.
		The process is pretty simple- students enroll in an approved Tech Prep articulated course or program at their local high school; complete an application packet; and earn a grade of B or better in the course and on the final exam.
		The articulation review forms list who attended the meetings, what was discussed, the learning outcomes, what outcomes are being achieved, and additional courses they would like to consider for articulation.
	www.4faculty.org /includes/139r3.jsp (1348 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The Leadership Steering Committee on Articulation was formed to establish the process, review/approve results of the articulation meetings and approve the document to be submitted to NC Board of Community Colleges and to the NC State Board of Education for endorsement.
		Definition Articulation is a systematic seamless student transition process from secondary to postsecondary education that maximizes use of resources and minimizes duplication.
		Determine whether articulation is course to course, courses to course, courses to courses, or course to courses and whether competencies are similar.
	www.ncccs.cc.nc.us /Tech_Prep/docs/2004CTPCONStateArticuln.doc (1690 words)

	Models of Articulation: Struggles and Successes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		I believe that articulation is the interrelation and continuity of contents, curriculum, instruction, and evaluation, with the focus of all aspects on the progress of the learner toward comprehending and communicating in a second language (Lange, “Resolvable Problem”).
		Articulation in a context where educational development is valued provides the learner with a comfortable, familiar framework.
		For example, if teachers in secondary schools are working to articulate programs in grades 9–12 in a particular school district, they might include FLES teachers in the discussions so that programs in the entire district would connect to create a wholly articulated program.
	www.mla.org /adfl/bulletin/V28N2/282031.htm (7095 words)

	Career and Technical (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Williamson County Schools is placing an emphasis in updating existing articulation agreements and developing new ones.
		Articulation saves time and money by eliminating repetition through a serious program of study.
		Articulation also aligns secondary and post secondary curriculum, addresses the competencies to prepare students for the future workforce, and provides business and industry with competent employees.
	www.wcs.edu /parentstudent/careertech/articulation.htm (143 words)

	Articulation Agreement Process
		The draft agreement is reviewed by the Post-Secondary Articulation Coordinator, the LCC Divisional Instructional Office, and appropriate department/program with the same considerations as that agreement internally developed.
		Comments and concerns are considered and brought to the Post-Secondary Articulation Coordinator for discussion with those who drafted the agreement. Any necessary revisions are made to the final draft of the agreement and presented to the Academic Affairs Office.
		Each reviewed transfer articulation agreement will be dated to reflect the date of the review and to assist in maintaining the most current agreements.
	www.lcc.edu /articulation/guidelines/process.htm (602 words)

	Articulation and Transfer Mission Statement at Delta College
		To facilitate a seamless transition for students and course credits toward degree completion, Delta College is committed to providing academic programs, support services and formal articulation processes for students transferring to or from other accredited institutions.
		The Transfer and Articulation Advisory Board's charge is to facilitate a seamless transition of students from K-12 to Delta College and from Delta College to other accredited higher education institutions.
		Implement new Articulation Guidelines for Career Education Programs/Articulation Agreements and University Transfer Programs/Articulation Agreements approved by Curriculum Council, November 2002.
	www.delta.edu /artic/mission.htm (275 words)

	Learn more about Indo-European languages in the online encyclopedia. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		While these are not widely held theories, substantial evidence investigated by this linguist seems to support their theory.
		In particular, the one-vowel hypothesis which has been put forward for Indo-European would be borne out by the usage of substantial secondary articulation like that found in the Northwest Caucasian languages and, indeed, in the hypothesised PIE.
		Also, the Northwest Caucasian languages preserve a large number of guttural phonemes which may be the modern equivalents of PIE "laryngeals".
	www.onlineencyclopedia.org /i/in/indo_european_languages.html (772 words)

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