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	Secret Police
		The first secret police, called the Cheka, was established in December 1917 as a temporary institution to be abolished once Vladimir Lenin and the Bolsheviks had consolidated their power.
		Joseph Stalin and Lavrenti Beria, a Soviet political leader and official in the secret police during the Stalin era of leadership, enjoying a rest at a dacha (a Russian country cottage).
		Although the post-Stalin secret police, the KGB, no longer inflicted such large-scale purges, terror, and forced depopulation on the peoples of the Soviet Union, it continued to be used by the Kremlin leadership to suppress political and religious dissent.
	www.loc.gov /exhibits/archives/secr.html (390 words)

	secret police. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		In extreme cases such a secret police force may even have its own courts and prisons, and its activities are kept secret not only from the mass of the population but also from the legislative, judiciary, and executive authorities of the state, except at the topmost level.
		Some argue that secret police forces have always been primarily concerned with the security of the state and that they are invariably created by governmental action, but this is not the case.
		Among the earliest secret police forces organized along modern lines were the Venetian Inquisition (see Ten, Council of) and the Oprichina of Czar Ivan IV of Russia.
	www.bartleby.com /65/se/secretpo.html (1491 words)

	secret police - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: )
		secret police policing organization operating in secrecy for the political purposes of its government, often with terroristic procedures.
		After the Russian Revolution of 1917 the Soviet government instituted its own secret police, the Cheka (the Russian acronym for All-Russian Extraordinary Commission for the Suppression of Counterrevolution and Sabotage), under Feliks Dzerzhinsky.
		Under Gorbachev 's policies, the power of the KGB was strongly curtailed, and in the aftermath of the attempted coup (1991) against him, in which KGB leaders played a major role, reformers were named to head the KGB and Interior Ministry.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-secretpo.html (1693 words)

	Secret Police - Search Results - MSN Encarta (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Secret Police, special police force organized by autocratic or totalitarian regimes in defence against their enemies—usually internal.
		Secret Service, law enforcement agency of the United States government, the oldest general law enforcement agency of the federal government.
		- police force that operates in secret: a police force that operates in secret and whose function is to prevent subversion or suppress political opposition to a regime
	uk.encarta.msn.com /Secret_Police.html (129 words)

	The Secret Police - world's most respected Police tribute band
		We are the worldâs longest running and most respected Police tribute band, together since 1996.
		In 11 years weâve played more than 500 gigs, from small and intimate venues right up to audiences of 12,000 at festivals around the world.
		We hope our love and respect for the music of Sting, Andy and Stewart will be obvious in the way we play it live for you.
	www.thesecretpolice.co.uk (85 words)

	The Institute of World Politics > News & Publication > Introduction to dismantling a totalitarian secret police system
		In every totalitarian government, secret police were an indispensable device for the consolidation of power, neutralization of the opposition, and construction of a single-party state.
		Therefore, when we speak of dismantling and uprooting a secret police network, we are referring not to stripping a country of its legitimate ability to fight crime and ensure national security, but to removing the impediments to democracy, transparency and accountability left by the country’s totalitarian past.
		Secret police are indispensable to autocrats and dictators around the world, or anywhere that ruling special interests are troubled by trade unions, peasant movements, religious believers, cultural minorities or other challenges to the established order.
	www.iwp.edu /news/newsID.117/news_detail.asp (735 words)

	Police - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Police are public servants of a city, town, municipality, county, or state, with the responsibility of maintaining law and order (law enforcement), and also hold the responsibility of protecting the general public from harm.
		The scheme of the Paris police force was extended to the rest of France by a royal edict of October 1699, resulting in the creation of lieutenant generals of police in all large French cities.
		Police organizations must sometimes deal with the issue of police corruption, which is often abetted by a code of silence that encourages unquestioning loyalty to one's comrades over the cause of justice.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Police (4414 words)

	::The Nazi Police State::
		The Nazi Police were controlled by Heinrich Himmler and his feared secret police - the Gestapo - did as it pleased in Nazi Germany.
		In Nazi Germany the police were allowed to arrest people on suspicion that they were about to do wrong.
		All local police units had to draw up a list of people in their locality who might be suspected of being "Enemies of the State".
	www.historylearningsite.co.uk /nazi_police_state.htm (900 words)

	Police state - SourceWatch
		A police state is "a political unit characterized by repressive governmental control of political, economic, and social life usually by an arbitrary exercise of power by police and especially secret police in place of regular operation of administrative and judicial organs of the government according to publicly known legal procedures." [1]
		The East German secret police force, the Stasi (or Ministerium für Staatssicherheit) maintained a close watch over East German citizens, to the point where virtually every residential building, place of employment or place of leisure was home to at least one Stasi informant.
		"secret police": "policing organization operating in secrecy for the political purposes of its government, often with terroristic procedures." The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition.
	www.sourcewatch.org /index.php?title=Police_state (646 words)

	Mr Lincoln's Secret Service
		A secret police is one that is not uniformed, and may even be disguised, the better to detect nefarious activity.
		Baker took his inspiration from the French secret police, especially the notorious agent Vidocq, who made a specialty of disguise and deception to uphold the law and defeat villainy.
		Alas, it does not contain much on spying, nor on secret police and detectives in the South--these were not the main areas of Baker's involvement, so the lack is understandable.
	www.du.edu /~jcalvert/hist/secrets.htm (1609 words)

	his_2 (The Secret State Police)
		Separated from the general police force and re-established as an independent agency, the Secret State Police was soon removed from the Ministry for Home Affairs and made directly answerable to the Prime Minister.
		Having gradually taken charge of almost all of the political police forces in the non-Prussian states, in April 1934, Heinrich Himmler became "Inspector" and thus the de facto head of the Secret State Police.
		In the late summer of 1933, a prison was established at Prinz-Albrecht-Strasse 8, in the cellar of the Secret State Police Office.
	www.topographie.de /en/his_2.htm (431 words)

	SECRET SERVICE, OR SECRET POLICE?
		The secret police in Italy during Mussolini's 1940's reign were scandalous, but a more extreme and vicious example was that of Germany's secret police under Adolf Hitler.
		The genesis of the German secret police began in the SS, the Schutzstaffel (the defense branch), and was created as Hitler's personal bodyguards under the SA (the military arm of the Nazi party), within the SD, or Sicherheitsdienst (the security service), which was organized in 1931 as the intelligence branch of the SS.
		Only the world's most despotic governments have resorted to the use of secret police, always under the auspices of national or state security, when in reality, it was nothing more than a desperate attempt to maintain dictatorial control.
	www.apfn.net /messageboard/05-05-04/discussion.cgi.7.html (676 words)

	Belarus unveils monument to secret police - Boston.com
		A monument to Soviet secret police founder Felix Dzerzhinsky was unveiled Friday in the Belarusian capital Minsk, provoking protests from human rights defenders and opposition politicians.
		A monument to the founder of the Soviet secret police Felix Dzerzhinsky after it was unveiled in Minsk, Belarus, Friday, May 26, 2006.
		MINSK, Belarus --A monument to Soviet secret police founder Felix Dzerzhinsky was unveiled Friday in the Belarusian capital Minsk, provoking protests from human rights defenders and opposition politicians.
	www.boston.com /news/world/europe/articles/2006/05/26/belarus_unveils_monument_to_secret_police (394 words)

	Police secret password blunder - Technology - smh.com.au
		NSW Police have not contacted their media release subscribers over the apparent breach of privacy and security.
		While some of the passwords would be used only for subscribing to the NSW Police media releases, many appear to be the secret codes journalists use to access their email accounts and other password-dependent information.
		NSW Police could contact Google to ask for the cache of compromising details to be taken off its site, as smh.com.au does when it has to remove archived stories from its website for legal reasons.
	www.smh.com.au /news/national/police-secret-password-blunder/2006/04/05/1143916566038.html (1077 words)

	New Frontiers for the Police State
		The new police are empowered to "make arrests without warrant for any offense against the United States committed in their presence, or for any felony cognizable under the laws of the United States if they have reasonable grounds to believe that the person to be arrested has committed or is committing such felony."
		The new police are assigned a variety of jurisdictions, including "an event designated under section 3056(e) of title 18 as a special event of national significance" (SENS).
		Once a SENS designation is placed on an event, the new federal police are empowered to keep out and to arrest people at their discretion.
	www.informationclearinghouse.info /article11660.htm (602 words)

	New Iraq Secret Police
		The result has been strikingly familiar to the Secret Police agency "SAVAK," an agency it is said we set up in 1953 for the dictator Shaw of Iran.
		These "Pop-Up" Secret Police and Militias of this magnitude and armament are coming from somewhere, and the operation well known by now is the training done by the Cheney-Admin with CIA funding.
		When Iraq police did not immediately turn them over, a large contingency of tanks and helicopters then destroyed the Iraq jail not only removing the individuals (saying they were soldiers and absolved from Iraq law), but allowed most of the incarcerated inmates to escape.
	mywebpages.comcast.net /RtPriceTag/IraqPolice.html (2663 words)

	Telegraph \| News \| CIA plans new secret police to fight Iraq terrorism
		The secret police will be the latest security force created by the US and its Iraqi political allies in an attempt to quell the insurgency.
		If you are in control of the secret police in a country then you don't really have to worry too much about who the local council appoints to collect the garbage."
		"The presence of a powerful secret police, loyal to the Americans, will mean that the new Iraqi political regime will not stray outside the parameters that the US wants to set," said Mr Pike.
	www.telegraph.co.uk /news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2004/01/04/wirq04.xml (781 words)

	Master: The Secret Police
		The main perpetrators of Stalin's terror in the 30s were the agents of the Secret Police.
		As the GPU and the OGPU were subordinate to a larger organization, the NKVD, the latter was the term usually used to refer to the secret police.
		In 1925 his apartment was raided, and the police seized his diaries and the manuscript of his satirical novel, Heart of a Dog.
	cr.middlebury.edu /public/russian/Bulgakov/public_html/NKVD.html (467 words)

	ASIO could become our secret police - Opinion - theage.com.au
		For instance, if somebody was reasonably suspected of having essential information about a bombing, the police would, in most situations, have reasonable grounds for suspecting that he or she was involved in the bombing and hence, could arrest and charge him or her.
		At the heart of this task is to police political activity that ASIO, within its broad statutory mandate, considers to be illegitimate.
		Not only is ASIO now armed with coercive powers normally exercised by the police, but the cloak of secrecy surrounding its activities has thickened.
	www.theage.com.au /news/Opinion/ASIO-could-become-our-secret-police/2005/06/06/1117910237891.html (916 words)

	United States Secret Service
		The U.S. Secret Service and Carnegie Mellon University Software Engineering Institute's CERTR Coordination Center have announced the findings of the first Insider Threat Study report, a collaborative effort to better understand insider activities affecting information systems and data in critical infrastructure sectors.
		The Secret Service is seeking dedicated men and women with diverse backgrounds for its Uniformed Division Police Officer position.
		Following a three-year partnership between the Department of Education and the Secret Service, a joint report reveals that incidents of targeted violence in schools are rarely impulsive and attacks are typically the end result of a process of thinking and behavior that often can be detected by others.
	www.secretservice.gov /index.shtml (450 words)

	BBC NEWS \| Europe \| Profile: Russia's secret police
		Known as the KGB during the days of the Soviet Union, the secret service was dismantled in 1991 and its successor FSK (Federalnaya Sluzhba Kontrrazvedki or Federal Counterintelligence Service) was reorganised into the FSB in 1995.
		The secret police have long been a part of Russian life.
		The exact figures, of course, are a state secret - but security experts say that the organisation has enjoyed a massive increase in funding since 2000.
	news.bbc.co.uk /2/hi/europe/6169414.stm (620 words)

	Communist Secret Police: NKVD
		After the Second World War the Communist Secret Police was renamed the Committee for State Security (KGB).
		In 1933 Victor Serge was taken to the headquarters of the Communist Secret Police.
		Wild inventions and monstrous accusations had become an end in themselves, and officials of the secret police applied all their ingenuity to them, as though reveling in the total arbitrariness of their power.
	www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk /RUSnkvd.htm (2730 words)

	SSRN-Secret Police and the Mysterious Case of the Missing Tort Cases by Marc Miller, Ronald Wright
		On the other hand, numerous news accounts describe recoveries by plaintiffs against police departments, although the stories normally do not describe the particular police misconduct at issue or the terms of any settlements.
		After surveying the arguments for and against secrecy agreements in civil litigation generally, we point to the reasons that make secret settlements especially objectionable in suits against police officers and departments.
		Miller, Marc L. and Wright, Ronald F., "Secret Police and the Mysterious Case of the Missing Tort Cases".
	papers.ssrn.com /sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=611944 (509 words)

	Secret police - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		This article is about secret police as organizations.
		Perhaps the most well-known example is the Thought Police from George Orwell's famous novel Nineteen Eighty-four.
		Lewis's The Lion, The Witch, And The Wardrobe, the White Witch makes use of secret police.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Secret_police (841 words)

	US occupation force in Iraq recruiting former Iraqi secret police
		The Mukhabarat was charged with surveillance of state agencies (army, secret police, government bureaucracy) and non-governmental organisations (religious, women’s, and labor movements) in Iraq, as well as foreign spying, notably on Syria, Iran, Saudi Arabia, Turkey and the US.
		It evolved in 1973 from the Jihaz al Khas secret police, headed by Saddam Hussein between 1964 and 1966.
		Given the cloak of secrecy that hangs over US attempts to resurrect the Iraqi secret police, it is difficult to state precisely what role these forces would play in the US occupation.
	www.wsws.org /articles/2003/aug2003/iraq-a26.shtml (1166 words)

	Secret police files stolen from car - National - theage.com.au
		Confidential documents relating to police corruption investigations were stolen from an unattended Office of Police Integrity car parked in East Melbourne yesterday.
		Police Association secretary Paul Mullett said yesterday the matter was an "outrageous" breach.
		Police Inspector David Wolf said yesterday the incident was a matter for the OPI.
	www.theage.com.au /news/national/secret-police-files-stolen-from-car/2006/07/24/1153744731735.html (571 words)

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