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	Sectarianism Information
		Sectarianism refers (usually pejoratively) to a rigid adherence to a particular sect or party or denomination.
		Sectarianism may, in the abstract, be characterized by dogmatism and inflexibility; sentimental or axiomatic adherence to an idea, belief or tradition; and idealism that provides a sense of continuity, orientation, and certainty.
		At other times, sectarianism may be the expression of a group's nationalistic or cultural ambitions, or cynically exploited to serve an individual demagogue's ambition.
	www.bookrags.com /wiki/Sectarianism (1879 words)

	Duncan Hallas: Sectarianism (1985/87)
		Sectarians, for Marx and Engels, were those who created “utopias”, abstract schemes derived from supposed general principles, to which people were to be won by persuasion and example – co-operative “islands of socialism” and suchlike – as opposed to the Marxist emphasis on the real movement’, the actual class struggle.
		However, sectarianism is not necessarily avoided by formal acceptance of the centrality of the class struggle.
		The essence of sectarianism is abstentionism, on whatever pretext, from the actual class struggle.
	www.marxists.org /archive/hallas/works/1985/04/sectar.htm (1580 words)

	Sectarianism in Scotland: The Last Decade (Final Chapter)
		If there were reports of racist attacks and murders in the modern political climate, and people were denying that it was happening, and refusing to investigate or even compile statistics, there would be a public outcry, and the situation would not be suffered to continue requiring the government to step in and legislate.
		There are reports of sectarian attacks and murders, there has been a refusal to compile evidence and only this year has an MSP expressed any interest in legislating.
		Throughout this essay we have seen a huge amount of evidence that sectarianism is still a problem for modern Scotland and that it requires action to be dealt with as it will not disappear by itself.
	www.suite101.com /article.cfm/modern_scottish_history/80133 (487 words)

	HTC: Sectarianism in Orthodoxy and Orthodoxy in Sectarianism
		Sectarians sin in their failure to understand Orthodoxy, but we Orthodox also do not follow our own Orthodox teachings in not understanding sectarians who are at times surprisingly fervent and pure in their persistent pursuit of the Lord towards a life in Him alone.
		There are sectarians who are aflame with the spirit and love of God and fellow man much more than some Orthodox, and that very spirit of fervent love for God and man is the mark of a true Orthodox life.
		It may also be said thus: the presence of sectarianism testifies to the Orthodoxy of the people, the fervor of its spirit, its idealistic aspirations, its thirst for internal, not external religion, a heartfelt thirst for a covenant with God.
	www.holy-trinity.org /spirituality/john.sectarianism.html (2912 words)

	sectarianism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		In his Culture of Sectarianism, Ussama Makdisi conceives sectarianism as a modern phenomenon, one that emerged with the Ottoman Tanzimat in the 1840s, and concurrently with the European interventions in the internal affairs of "the sick man of Europe" that followed.
		In the same way that, to use Makdisi's own concept, there is an historical discourse of sectarianism, one that evolves in space and time, and which brings politics together with geography, violence, and religion, there are "economic" discourses of property, contract, tort and crime, and kinship, which may overlap at times with other discursive practices.
		Nor is it helpful to conceive of sectarianism, as Makdisi does, as that problematic evil spirit that the Lebanese had to go through, and still go through, in order to survive the modern times.
	www.luc.edu /depts/history/ghazzal/sectarianism.html (2353 words)

	Two, Three, Many Parties of a New Type?
		Sectarianism consists in raising the interests of the individual group or trend above the interests of the communist movement and the proletariat as a whole.
		Sectarianism in the mass activities of communists leads to exclusiveness towards non-communists and severs the Party's ties with the masses.
		Sectarianism is the extreme degree of a deviation, carried to the point of complete or almost complete separation from the masses.
	struggle.net /ALC/TwoThreeCh2D.htm (2155 words)

	The Dispatch - Serving the Lexington, NC - News (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Sectarianism refers (usually pejoratively) to a rigid adherence to a particular sect or party or religious denomination.
		In turn, the Sunnis have complained of discrimination and human rights abuses by Iraq's Shia majority government, which is bolstered by the fact that Sunni detainees were allegedly discovered to have been tortured in a compound used by government forces on November 15 2005.
		Sectarianism in Lebanon was caused because of the political sharing of power.
	www.the-dispatch.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=Sectarianism (1540 words)

	E-sangha, Buddhist Forum and Buddhism Forum -> Sectarianism
		It manifests in sangha circles in the form of sectarianism: an attitude of partiality, a tendency to form deluded attachments to ones own order and to reject other schools of Buddhism as inferior.
		The difference between the wise Buddhist and the sectarian Buddhist is like that between the vastness of space and the narrowness of a vase.
		It is certainly natural and permissible that we might feel a special affinity with one or another school or be drawn to a particular system of practice, to a particular circle of meditators or to a particular teacher.
	www.lioncity.net /buddhism/index.php?s=a66c1b9fdbea6da2c78d694cdb174bab&showtopic=39110 (3858 words)

	Sect, Sectarianism
		"Sectarianism" in a narrow sense denotes zeal for, or attachment to, a sect.
		In the history of Christianity, for example, sectarianism is a prevalent theme from the Judaizers and Nicolaitans of the NT to the many new denominations emerging in recent times.
		Many, but not all, sects gradually lose their sectarian character and acquire the status of a church after a generation or two.
	mb-soft.com /believe/txc/sect.htm (549 words)

	Islam
		It is important to define sectarianism within the framework of Islam because the context is very different from the development of sectarianism in the Christian tradition.
		The perspective is perhaps closer to 'denominationalism' as opposed to 'sectarianism' as it is understood in the context of Scottish sectarianism.
		Educate and Act Against Islamophobia and Sectarianism provides key educational action points to be used to address Islamophobia in the framework of education.
	www.ltscotland.org.uk /antisectarian/whatIsSectarianism/aboutsectarianism/Islam/index.asp (1045 words)

	Ancient Jewish sectarianism Judaism - Find Articles
		One is not born a sectarian, one elects to become a member of such a group.
		Ancient Jewish sectarianism as I understand it did not require the existence of a normative orthodoxy, from which a sect had split off, as a necessary prerequisite.(8) All that was needed was the choice made by sectarians to declare war against significant aspects of the religious world in which they lived.
		On the inside were the sectarian brothers (or sisters, in those movements which had female members),(9) around whom were other Jews, normally recognized as fellow insiders, but whom the sect treated as outsiders of a new sort.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0411/is_4_47/ai_54600116 (607 words)

	Free Church of Scotland \| The Scottish Executive and Anti-Sectarianism
		Obviously Protestant/Catholic sectarianism has blighted and continues to blight parts of Scottish life.
		It may well be harmful to the reputation of Scotland abroad and so to both the sort of investment in and immigration to Scotland that the Executive is keen to encourage.
		She indicated that the Executive were concerned with new manifestations of religious hatred; she gave Islamophobia as an example of what they had in mind.
	www.freechurch.org /committees/pq/06anti-sectarianism.htm (1031 words)

	Sense over Sectarianism
		We tend to think of sectarianism as rivalry between Protestants, Catholics, Muslims, Jews, Sunni and other religions.
		But sectarianism is actually much broader than this.
		Sectarianism is when these religious differences are used as an excuse for prejudice.
	www.glasgow.gov.uk /en/Residents/GoingtoSchool/Welfareissuesinschool/SenseOverSectarianism (227 words)

	Religious sectarianism in Northern Ireland and how to deal with it (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Blatantly sectarian atrocities were carried out by both sides, and even when military operations were carried out against specifically military targets, they were seen by many as sectarian.
		For the purpose of looking at the situation today, all that is necessary to say is that the ultimate consequence of the war and the half-settlement that is the Good Friday Agreement is, it can be argued an entrenched sectarianism but a sectarianism that is in some ways quite different than what went before.
		Sectarian barriers can be broken down when people meet in the workplace, integrated schooling is a step forward, all these are ways of starting a process.
	flag.blackened.net /revolt/wsm/talks/sectarianism2002.html (1868 words)

	International Crisis Group - 95 The State of Sectarianism in Pakistan
		Sectarian conflict in Pakistan is the direct consequence of state policies of Islamisation and marginalisation of secular democratic forces.
		As President Pervez Musharraf is praised by the international community for his role in the war against terrorism, the frequency and viciousness of sectarian terrorism continues to increase in his country.
		After decades of co-option by the civil-military establishment, Pakistan's puritanical clergy is attempting to turn the country into a confessional state where the religious creed of a person is the sole marker of identity.
	www.crisisgroup.org /home/index.cfm?id=3374&l=1 (1462 words)

	THE BLANKET * Index: Current Articles
		Even if she adheres to the sectarian notion that one cannot be a socialist while rejecting the concept of Irish nationalism, she could have interviewed a number of trade unionists who hold pro-unionist views and who have experienced sectarianism from a different perspective.
		Those within the unionist community who have suffered as a result of sectarian violence and intimidation coming from the nationalist community are written out of the script as if their experiences and suffering are of no consequence.
		By ignoring the unionist experience of sectarian attacks Hazel Croft and her respondents appear to be suggesting that there is no valid unionist point of view, that truth is on the side of nationalists only.
	lark.phoblacht.net /sectarianism.html (1260 words)

	ThreatsWatch.Org: PrincipalAnalysis: Sectarianism, Violence, and the Future of Iraq
		If it is defined as a major outbreak of sectarian violence, then one is hard-pressed to explain why Iraq should be defined as being in a state of civil war but that India, Nigeria, Indonesia, and Pakistan, all of which have endured ongoing and extremely costly sectarian violence, should not be.
		If this begins to happen within Iraq (and it would be exceedingly easy for this to occur with most political parties controlling sizeable militias of their own), then and only then would it be appropriate to label the conflict as being a civil war, but not beforehand.
		Yet it is also a major mistake to attribute the recent violence solely to random sectarianism while ignoring the substantial role played by Iran and its proxies like Muqtada al-Sadr and the Mahdi Army in the recent violence.
	analysis.threatswatch.org /2006/03/sectarianism-violence-and-the (1144 words)

	Sectarianism - Global Policy Forum - UN Security Council
		Sectarian differences have now worsened, due to the struggle over Iraq's constitution and a parallel battle over oil resources, largely located in the South and the North.
		Sectarian violence in the city of Baquba, 50km northeast of Baghdad, continues to intensify due to the many different ethnic groups that inhabit the Diyala province town.
		Sectarian violence and intimidation have forced 65,000 Iraqis to flee their homes, Iraq’s Ministry for Displacement and Migration estimates.
	www.globalpolicy.org /security/issues/iraq/sectarianindex.htm (3244 words)

	Anti sectarianism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		In Scotland, it is usually understood to refer to prejudice, discrimination and harassment of people from either the Catholic or Protestant faiths by individuals belonging to the other faith, on the grounds of their religious beliefs.
		Sectarianism manifests itself in various ways, including bigoted jokes and comments, the chanting of sectarian songs at football matches, and, most regrettably, violent clashes between some fans at football matches.
		In his Foreword to the Action Plan, the First Minister declared that “the bigoted sectarian attitudes and behaviours of a minority have scarred Scottish life for far too long” and emphasised his intention to “put sectarian attitudes into the dustbin of history and build a better society”.
	www.sportscotland.org.uk /ChannelNavigation/Our+activities/TopicNavigation/Ethics/TopicNavigation/Faith+and+Religion/Anti+sectarianism.htm (335 words)

	SI.com - Soccer - Scotland faces tough task to end sectarianism - Thursday October 30, 2003 10:57AM
		Depressingly, there is barely any mention of sectarian singing in Scotland's local media, probably because historically such behaviour is regarded as the norm in the rivalry between the country's two biggest clubs.
		It is 14 months since Celtic's Neil Lennon retired from international football with Northern Ireland after receiving sectarian death threats yet the midfielder continues to have problems in Scotland.
		He describes sectarianism as Scotland's secret shame and has called for it to be consigned to "the dustbin of history." Experience suggests this will not happen overnight.
	sportsillustrated.cnn.com /2003/soccer/10/30/bc.sport.soccer.sectarianism (663 words)

	Iraq: Occupation and Sectarianism
		The Occupation-orchestrated violence between Iraqis was meant to provide a pretext for the long-term occupation of Iraq, and direct Iraqis anger away from the brutality and violence of the Occupation.
		Both the electoral system and the methods of voter mobilization applied by major players were meant to fan the flames of sectarianism rather than contribute to national unity and liberation.
		It is all part of a U.S. policy of creating sectarian violence which eventually will lead to “civil war” and circumstances which will be used to justify the ongoing Occupation.
	www.globalresearch.ca /index.php?context=viewArticle&code=HAS20060223&articleId=2037 (1472 words)

	Sectarianism and Spirituality
		Sectarianism has been known to spark religious violence throughout history.
		Because many Sunnis look upon Shia as heretics, this justifies their sectarian cleansing, even though there has been Sunni/Shia harmony, including marriages throughout the years, but presently there is migration of Shias from Sunni neighborhoods and towns and visa versa.
		Sectarian violence in Iraq may continue unabated, for it is beyond civil war, beyond American occupation, but deeply rooted in religiosity, myth and ritual.
	www.nathanielturner.com /sectarianismandspiritualitymarvinx.htm (1086 words)

	Al-Ahram Weekly \| Opinion \| The real origins of sectarianism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Third, that Iran's opposition to the Zionist scheme is mere posturing and that its true aim is to dominate the region.
		And yet, it is Nasrallah, the last man who would support sectarianism by word or deed, who stands today accused of sectarianism.
		When the US discovered belatedly that Iran was the biggest beneficiary of the sectarian game, it went ahead and told Arab "moderates" that Iran was to blame.
	weekly.ahram.org.eg /2007/829/op2.htm (1118 words)

	John Locke Heresy and Sectarianism Among Christians
		Sectarianism adds in worship or discipline those "acts" not necessary to Christian unity because they are not commanded in express words by the Holy Spirit.
		Sectarianism again is adding to faith and practice which is not commanded by the Words of the Holy Spirit speaking through the Apostles recorded in Scripture.
		Those who are forced out of their "home" because of the forceful addition of unscriptural practices are not sectarian but Christians.
	www.piney.com /LockeHerSch.html (1844 words)

	School Students statement, 15th January 2002 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		At a special open meeting to be held Thursday evening, school students from both communities will launch a new campaign to combat sectarianism and to organise a school students strike to mobilise a mass turnout of school students on Fridays trade union rally at City Hall.
		School Students United Against Sectarianism has already taken to the streets, collecting hundreds of signatures of support for the campaign to unite school students against all sectarian attacks on Catholic and Protestant schools and students.
		Mr Loughlin said the campaign would be opposing all forms of sectarianism but would also campaign for Protestant and Catholic school students to campaign for more resources in schools and against the privatisation of education through PFI.
	www.geocities.com /socialistparty/SSUAS.htm (292 words)

	Robin McKie:Schools where hatred breeds \| Special reports \| The Observer
		Mr McConnell may be tough on sectarianism, but he is certainly not being tough on the causes of sectarianism.
		Scotland shares with its sister state Northern Ireland two unenviable social phenomena: sectarianism and segregated schools, and the two are intertwined like barbed wire round a school gate.
		It is therefore disturbing to watch the rest of Britain plunge towards a similar sad, sectarian future, just as Scotland struggles to evade it.
	observer.guardian.co.uk /race/story/0,11255,856173,00.html (866 words)

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