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	Security Council Reform - Global Policy Forum - UN Security Council
		The Security Council reflects the global power structure of 1945, when most of today's nations were still under colonial rule.
		Towards a Democratic Reform of the UN Security Council (July 13, 2005)
		In the Council debates, many governments express their opposition to the veto and call for its restriction or elimination.
	www.globalpolicy.org /security/reform/index.htm (602 words)

	United Nations Security Council - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The decisions of the Council are known as UN Security Council Resolutions.
		This nuclear status is not the result of their Security Council membership, though it is sometimes used as a modern-day justification for their continued presence on the body.
		Decisions in the 15-member Security Council on all substantive matters—for example, a decision calling for direct measures related to the settlement of a dispute—require the affirmative votes of nine members.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/UN_Security_Council (2377 words)

	Encyclopedia: UN Security Council Resolution 1441 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		UN Security Council Resolution 678 authorizes member states to use all necessary means to uphold and implement resolution 660 and all subsequent relevant resolutions (resolution 661, resolution 662, resolution 664, resolution 665, resolution 666, resolution 667, resolution 669, resolution 670, resolution 674 and resolution 667), and to restore international peace...
		Under furious debate was whether a further Security Council resolution (the so-called "second resolution") was necessary to authorize war, or whether 1441 and preceding resolutions sufficed to legitimize military enforcement of the UN's disarmament aims.
		Of the permanent, veto-holding members of the Security Council, France, Russia, and the People's Republic of China wished the inspection period to be extended, and for no military action to go ahead without a further UN resolution.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/UN-Security-Council-Resolution-1441 (2968 words)

	UN Security Council - Global Policy Forum
		This section provides information on the membership of the Security Council, including terminology, elections, presidencies, and the organization of Council committees, as well as profiles of Ambassadors serving on the Council.
		The Council makes formal decisions (such as Resolutions, Presidential Press Statements, and Presidential Assessments) in public sessions but meets much of the time in closed "informal consultations." A glossary clarifies the Council's many ways of meeting.
		A key institution is the NGO Working Group on the Security Council, that meets regularly with Council ambassadors.
	globalpolicy.igc.org /security (572 words)

	UN Security Council
		The Security Council has the authority to investigate any dispute which might escalate to cause international tension, to recommend action for mitigating such disputes, to recommend to the General Assembly the appointment of the Secretary-General and new member states, and, with the GA, to elect the judges of the International Court of Justice.
		In addition, the Council is authorized by the Charter to call on United Nations members to apply economic sanctions and other measures not involving the use of force to prevent to stop aggression and, in certain cases, to authorize member states to take military action against an aggressor.
		While the Security Council can authorize the deployment of troops, neither the Council nor the UN equips or provides the troops and member states cannot be forced to supply troops if they choose not to do so.
	www.peacewomen.org /un/sc/scindex.html (883 words)

	USATODAY.com - Security Council extends beleaguered U.N. mission in Iraq (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		UNITED NATIONS (AP) — The U.N. Security Council voted unanimously Thursday to extend the world body's beleaguered Iraq mission, which is trying to help the country establish a democratic government at a time of heightened violence and insecurity.
		Pakistan's U.N. Ambassador Munir Akram, a council member, said the unanimous vote for the resolution is "an indication of the continual commitment of the United Nations and of the Security Council to play a role in bringing peace and stability to Iraq."
		Security is an especially sensitive issue as the first anniversary of the Aug. 19, 2003 bombing of U.N. headquarters in Baghdad approaches.
	www.usatoday.com /news/world/iraq/2004-08-12-un-iraq_x.htm (713 words)

	UN Security Council - Global Policy Forum
		This section provides information on the membership of the Security Council, including terminology, elections, presidencies, and the organization of Council committees, as well as profiles of ambassadors serving on the Council.
		Security Council members began an active dialogue with Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) in the late 1990's.
		A key institution is the NGO Working Group on the Security Council, that meets regularly with Council ambassadors.
	www.globalpolicy.org /security (528 words)

	UN Security Council resolutions relating to Iraq
		The subsequent exchange of letters between the UN and Iraq, agreeing to the continuation of the programme under the terms of this resolution, is dated 5 July 2001.
		The text of the Security Council debates are available for 26 June 2001 and 28 June 2001.
		Commends the Secretary-General for securing commitments from the Iraqi government to fully comply with weapons inspections on his mission to Baghdad, and endorses the memorandum of understanding (S/1998/166) that was signed on 23 February.
	www.casi.org.uk /info/scriraq.html (3517 words)

	Security Council members deny meeting Kerry - The Washington Times: Nation/Politics - October 24, 2004 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		After conversations with ambassadors from five members of the Security Council in 2002 and calls to all the missions of the countries then on the panel, The Times was only able to confirm directly that Mr.
		A U.S. official with intimate knowledge of the Security Council's actions in fall of 2002 said that he was not aware of any meeting Mr.
		Kerry never met with the entire U.N. Security Council could be problematic for the Massachusetts senator, as it clashes with one of his central foreign-policy campaign themes — honesty.
	washingtontimes.com /national/20041024-110609-9428r.htm (1145 words)

	Foreign Affairs - Why the Security Council Failed - Michael J. Glennon
		The structure and rules of the UN Security Council really reflected the hopes of its founders rather than the realities of the way states work.
		With the dramatic rupture of the UN Security Council, it became clear that the grand attempt to subject the use of force to the rule of law had failed.
		The beginning of the end of the international security system had actually come slightly earlier, on September 12, 2002, when President George W. Bush, to the surprise of many, brought his case against Iraq to the General Assembly and challenged the UN to take action against Baghdad for failing to disarm.
	www.foreignaffairs.org /20030501faessay11217/michael-j-glennon/why-the-security-council-failed.html (894 words)

	Security Council (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		This draft envisages enlargement of the Council to include six new permanent seats (two each for Africa and Asia, one for the western states and one for Latin America and the Caribbean) and four new non-permanent seats (one each for Africa, Asia, Latin America and the Caribbean, as well as Eastern Europe).
		United for Consensus group, which envisages enlargement of the Security Council to include ten new non-permanent seats, as well as the lifting of the ban on re-election, was submitted to the General Assembly on 21 July 2005.
		He recommends that UN member states reach a decision on Security Council reform if possible before the UN Millennium Review Summit (14 – 16 September 2005) or, failing that, by the end of the year at the latest.
	www.auswaertiges-amt.de /www/en/aussenpolitik/vn/vereinte_nationen/d_im_sicherheitsrat (1147 words)

	Groups Call on Security Council to Address Iraq Humanitarian Crisis (Human Rights Watch, 4-8-2000)
		This coalition wrote to the Security Council prior to its March 24, 2000 debate on Iraq policy, urging the Council to give priority to humanitarian and human rights principles in the design and operation of the sanctions regime.
		Whatever the extent of Iraqi non-compliance with the provisions of that resolution, the Council must recognise that the sanctions have contributed in a major way to persistent life-threatening conditions in the country, and that short-term emergency assistance is no longer appropriate to the scale of this humanitarian crisis.
		We call upon Security Council member states in the strongest terms to take the further steps that are necessary to protect and advance these fundamental rights of civilians and to address forthrightly the unacceptable discrepancy between the emerging general principles of sanctions policy and the application of sanctions in the case of Iraq.
	www.hrw.org /press/2000/08/iraq0804.htm (1099 words)

	JURIST - Cohn: UN Resolution 1441 - Blackmailing the Security Council
		The current Security Council has attempted to save face by changing a few words, such as "or" to "and," and "restore" to "secure." Those changes made the resolution palatable for Russia and France.
		But in adopting the resolution, it seems certain the Security Council was ever mindful of Yemen's fate when it defied the United States in 1990.
		Members of the Security Council have opted to jump onto the speeding U.S. train rather than be crushed under its mighty wheels.
	jurist.law.pitt.edu /forum/forumnew74.php (943 words)

	U.N. Security Council Must Ease Iraq Crisis (Press release, New York, March 23, 2000)
		Firstly, the Security Council, should mandate the Secretariat to undertake a comprehensive assessment of the humanitarian situation in Iraq, and should facilitate the greater availability of existing information about the impact of the Oil for Food Programme and the comprehensive sanctions.
		Towards this end, the Council should authorise a greater degree of transparency and accountability with regard to the decisions and procedures of the 661 Sanctions Committee on Iraq and the Security Council itself.
		If the Security Council continues to insist that the Oil for Food programme remain a short term programme, based on relief supplies, despite evidence of the long term impact of sanctions of Iraq's war-damaged society, the Security Council will not be meeting its human rights and humanitarian responsibilities.
	www.hrw.org /press/2000/03/iraq0323.htm (1413 words)

	Security and Defense Councils
		The Russian Security Council was established to provide a high-level forum within which Russia's president can interact directly and concurrently with his key ministers and agency heads.
		Although the Security Council was intended to be the primary forum for the integration and coordination of security policy, it has has proven to be relatively ineffective in coordinating policy.
		The Defense Council, established in July 1996 as part of the Presidential Apparatus, is charged with advising the president on important decisions on military policy.
	www.fas.org /irp/world/russia/councils.htm (697 words)

	History of the Nastional Security Council 1947-1997
		The National Security Act of July 26, 1947, created the National Security Council under the chairmanship of the President, with the Secretaries of State and Defense as its key members, to coordinate foreign policy and defense policy, and to reconcile diplomatic and military commitments and requirements.
		The National Security Adviser was downgraded, and the Chief of Staff to the President exercised a coordinating role in the White House.
		He envisaged the role of the National Security Council to be one of policy coordination and research, and reorganized the NSC structure to ensure that the NSC Adviser would be only one of many players in the foreign policy process.
	www.fas.org /irp/offdocs/NSChistory.htm (12384 words)

	PHILIPPINES TAKES ITS SEAT IN U.N. SECURITY COUNCIL ON JANUARY 1
		The Security Council is considered the most important policy-making body in the UN because it is the only organ whose decisions are enforceable and binding among member-countries.
		As part of the preparations for its assumption of membership, the Philippines was also allowed by the Security Council Secretariat to sit in and observe the formal and informal meetings of the Council.
		According to Baja, Philippine participation in the Security Council will be guided by the framework and principles laid down by President Arroyo during her visit to the United Nations in September.
	www.newsflash.org /2003/05/hl/hl019570.htm (629 words)

	National Security Council on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Created in 1947 by the National Security Act as amended in 1949, the council's formal members are the president, the vice president, the secretary of state, and the secretary of defense.
		The director of the CIA, the head of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, the president's national security adviser (the assistant to the president for national security affairs, also director of the NSC), and the deputy adviser usually attend as invited guests.
		The council also has a civilian staff that is headed by an executive secretary appointed by the president.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/N/NatlS1ecC1n.asp (542 words)

	National Security Council
		Its regular attendees (both statutory and non-statutory) are the Vice President, the Secretary of State, the Secretary of the Treasury, the Secretary of Defense, and the Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs.
		The Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff is the statutory military advisor to the Council, and the Director of National Intelligence is the intelligence advisor.
		The National Security Council is the President's principal forum for considering national security and foreign policy matters with his senior national security advisors and cabinet officials.
	www.whitehouse.gov /nsc (448 words)

	BBC NEWS \| Middle East \| Q&A: The Security Council and Iraq
		Under the UN Charter, the Security Council is the body which authorises international action like the imposition of sanctions, the despatch of peacekeeping forces or the use of force.
		In June 1950, North Korea invaded the South and the Security Council ordered it to withdraw and then voted to allow force when it refused.
		In November 1990, the council said that if Iraq had not left Kuwait by 15 January 1991, "all necessary means" could be used against it.
	news.bbc.co.uk /2/hi/middle_east/2289805.stm (723 words)

	POLITICS: U.N. Security Council Applauds Anti-War Declarations
		Speaking to reporters immediately after addressing the Council, de Villepin said that inspectors should be given all necessary assistance to reinforce their search for evidence of weapons of mass destruction (WMD) in Iraq.
		Ivanov told the Security Council that ''an overwhelming majority of states in the world say that inspectors should be given all the help to continue with their inspections''.
		British Foreign Secretary Jack Straw said the authority of the Security Council was at stake because of the crisis, which highlighted that it is the responsibility of the United Nations to maintain international peace and security.
	ipsnews.net /interna.asp?idnews=16024 (956 words)

	MCC High School Conference Security Council Simulation
		Security Council Members accept the responsibility of working together to maintain global peace and security.
		To obtain a seat on the Security Council, each country has to volunteer, and be approved by both the existing Security Council, and the General Assembly, This selection process ensures that every country that is on the Security Council has some agenda, and a role in international politics.
		Many of the rotating members of the Security Council are chosen because they have effectively represented not only their country, but also their region, in the past.
	members.aol.com /mccmun98/SC.htm (1316 words)

	National Security Council (NSC)
		The National Security Council is the President's principal forum for considering national security and foreign policy matters with his senior national security advisors and cabinet officials.
		The National Security Council is chaired by the President.
		The Secretary of the Treasury, the U.S. Representative to the United Nations, the Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs, the Assistant to the President for Economic policy, and the Chief of Staff to the President are invited to all meetings of the Council.
	clinton2.nara.gov /WH/EOP/NSC/html/nschome.html (802 words)

	American Security Council
		The American Security Council (ASC), who has been running television ads in support of Bolton since his nomination, has been encouraging a recess appointment for a month now.
		The American Security Council has released its 108th voting index for the public use.
		Washington, D.C. – The American Security Council today, unveiled a television ad urging the public to call on their senators to confirm John Bolton as the U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations, just as hearings got underway on Capitol Hill.
	www.americansecuritycouncil.org (720 words)

	Can You Bypass a U.N. Security Council Veto? By Brendan I. Koerner (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Russia and France are threatening to veto any U.N. Security Council resolution that authorizes military action against Iraq.
		The measure states that, in the event that the Security Council cannot maintain international peace, a matter can be taken up by the General Assembly.
		Britain and France, which were occupying parts of the canal at the time, vetoed Security Council resolutions calling for their withdrawal.
	slate.msn.com /id/2080036 (650 words)

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