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	Sedation - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Sedation is a medical procedure involving administration of sedative drugs, generally to facilitate a medical procedure, such as endoscopy, vasectomy, or minor surgery with local anaesthesia.
		Sedation can also be used in dentistry for reconstructive surgery, removal of impacted wisdom teeth, or high-anxiety patients.
		Airway obstruction, apnoea and hypotension are not uncommon during sedation and require the presence of health professionals who are suitably trained to detect and manage these problems.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Sedation (97 words)

	Encyclopedia: Terminal sedation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Terminal sedation is the practice of inducing unconsciousness in a terminally ill person for the remainder of the person's life, usually by means of a continuous intravenous infusion of morphine or other opioid drugs.
		There is controversy as to whether terminal sedation should be considered a form of euthanasia, or only a form of palliative care.
		Sedating the patient does not directly hasten death; opioid drugs are not fatal as long as the dose is adjusted to keep the patient's respiratory rate from dropping too low—as continuous sedation orders require—and sedation by itself can actually prolong life to some degree, by relieving respiratory distress and strain on the heart.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Terminal-sedation (344 words)

	Sedation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Patients receiving conscious sedation are capable of rational responses, and they are able to maintain their airway for ventilation.
		The hallmark of conscious sedation is that it does not alter respiratory, cardiac, or reflex functions (nerve reflexes from the brain) to the level that requires external support for these vital functions.
		Unconscious sedation is a controlled state of anesthesia, characterized by partial or complete loss of protective nerve reflexes, including the ability to independently breathe and respond to commands.
	www.rwjhamilton.org /Atoz/ency/sedation.asp (964 words)

	eMedicine - Sedation : Article by Steven A Conrad, MD, PhD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Sedation is depression of a patient's awareness of the environment and reduction of his or her responsiveness to external stimulation.
		Conscious sedation is light sedation in which the patient maintains his or her airway reflexes and ability to cooperate.
		This also is a good agent for sedation in patients receiving mechanical ventilation; for this purpose, it is administered as a continuous infusion starting at 5-10 mcg/kg/min and then titrated to effect (usually to 50 or 60 mcg/kg/min, although higher doses occasionally may be required).
	www.emedicine.com /emerg/topic695.htm (3755 words)

	AORN Journal: What is in a name—sedation or anesthesia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Sedation is to be considered anesthesia, which means that everything normally done for patients receiving anesthesia now must be done for patients receiving sedation.
		Most sedation examinations are given after the participant has read and understood a sedation module pertinent to the type of sedation administered at his or her facility.
		As with anesthesia, the administration of moderate or deep sedation requires that sedation and anesthesia options and risks be discussed with the patient and his or her family members before administration (ie, TX.2.2).
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0FSL/is_3_75/ai_84183548 (1268 words)

	CONSCIOUS SEDATION (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Conscious sedation is the use of medication to minimally depress the level of consciousness in a patient while allowing the patient to continually and independently maintain a patent airway and respond appropriately to verbal commands and/or gentle stimulation.
		Since conscious sedation depresses the level of consciousness while allowing the patient to maintain their airway independently, the physician and nurse's responsibility must focus on assessing parameters that may be impacted by sedating medications.
		The definition for conscious sedation for pediatric patients (under 18 years old, not neonates) is the same as for adult patients: a depressed level of consciousness with the ability to independently and continuously maintain a patent airway and respond appropriately to physical stimulation.
	www.gasnet.org /protocols/sedation (6023 words)

	Position Statement-IV Conscious Sedation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Practitioners intending to produce a given level of sedation should be able to rescue clients whose level of sedation progresses to a state deeper than intended.
		Moderate sedation is a drug-induced depression of consciousness during which clients respond purposefully to verbal commands, either alone or accompanied by light tactile stimulation.
		All clients receiving IV moderate sedation will be continuously monitored throughout the procedure as well as the recovery phase by physiologic measurements as described in #6b.
	www.state.sd.us /DOH/nursing/sedation.htm (716 words)

	Sedation Dentistry
		Sedation Dentistry, or "Sleep" Dentistry, is able to reach out and provide needed dental care to those who otherwise would not receive it.
		Sedation Dentistry bridges the gap between new technology and patient comfort.
		Sedation Dentistry is recommended for adults age 18 to 80, but a careful screening will be performed, during the consultation phase, for any medical conditions that may prevent you from being a candidate.
	www.desertdentalalternatives.com /sedation.htm (559 words)

	Conscious Sedation
		If the amount of sedation required is likely to produce deep sedation, rendering the patient unable to respond to physical or verbal stimulation and independently maintain an airway, it must be administered and monitored by a trained anesthesia provider, i.e., certified registered nurse anesthetist or anesthesiologist.
		When excessive sedation is detected during a procedure and an opioid is the only agent being administered, the opioid dose must be decreased.
		When a benzodiazepine and an opioid are combined and excessive sedation occurs during a procedure, it is recommended that the dose of the benzodiazepine be decreased before decreasing the dose of the opioid.
	www.cityofhope.org /prc/html/Paserosedation.htm (3278 words)

	ICU-USA - Tour - Sedation
		Sedation is a general term that refers to the “calming of an ICU patient with the use of medications.”
		Sedation is used as long as the patient remains uncomfortable, agitated, anxious, fearful, or in pain.
		If sedation is needed for a long period of time, the patient’s body may get use to it.
	www.icu-usa.com /tour/procedures/sedation.htm (377 words)

	AGD - - Oral Conscious Sedation
		Oral surgeons contend that safety is their primary concern and support the general dentists’ right to administer sedation, but only by those who have received permits.
		In some states, an intravenous sedation permit is required to perform OCS; in others, it’s a combination of education and patient experiences.
		The Dental Organization for Conscious Sedation (DOCS) says it is working to promote consistent requirements (18 hours of instruction and 20 clinically-oriented experiences for general dentists who wish to provide conscious sedation in their practices) in order for general dentists to administer OCS.
	www.agd.org /media/2005/jan/ocs.asp (400 words)

	Sedation Dentistry
		Because sedation is safe and predictable, we can use it to relieve your anxieties and increase your comfort while we fill your teeth, place or replace crowns or dentures, restore sore gums to good health, whiten yellow or stained teeth, fix a chipped tooth, or during virtually any other dental procedure normally done without sedation.
		While sedated, patients are able to respond to verbal commands but they are so relaxed that they do not experience any pain, discomfort or anxiety.
		If you feel that sedation, which is the standard of care for the rest of the body, is necessary for your dental care, call us at 828-754-1600.
	www.drwaynehollar.com /sedation_dentistry.htm (2171 words)

	Sedation Pediatric Page - from California Pacific Medical Center
		While many two year olds require sedation to place scalp EEG leads, for example, other children in the same age group are quite relaxed by nature, and in a supportive environment will tolerate a stranger playing with their hair for the half hour needed to place the leads.
		Elective sedation and anesthesia are always done on an empty stomach to reduce the risks of regurgitation and aspiration while airway protective reflexes may be attenuated.
		The goal is always to sedate patients as lightly as needed to perform a procedure reliably, but a child can inadvertently pass from a shallow level of sedation to a deeper one, with increased risk of airway compromise, hypoventilation or cardiovascular instability.
	www.cpmc.org /advanced/pediatrics/physicians/pedpage-404PICU.html (876 words)

	eMedicine - Pediatrics, Sedation : Article by Joan Burg, MD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		This article's objectives are (1) to discuss indications for and goals of sedation in children, (2) to emphasize proper preparation and monitoring during procedures, and (3) to discuss methods of drug administration and specific agents.
		Sedation may be accompanied by partial or complete loss of protective reflexes, including the ability to maintain a patent airway independently.
		Sedation is stimulus dependent; when the procedure is completed, the child is much more likely to become more sedated than he or she was during the procedure.
	www.emedicine.com /emerg/topic403.htm (4728 words)

	Centre Family Dentistry. Sedation Dentistry Dentist in Fort Collins CO Larimer County Northern Colorado Dr Roger ...
		Sedation Dentistry is the most advanced medical procedure for the fearful dental patient.
		Sedation is more effective than nitrous oxide or "laughing gas" and leaves you remembering almost nothing of your visit.
		As with oral sedation, IV sedation leaves you conscious and able to respond, but sedated so that you have little or no memory of your dental visit and none of the anxiety normally associated with that visit.
	fortcollinsdentist.com /sedation.htm (1587 words)

	Conscious Sedation -- Patients, American Association of Nurse Anesthetists (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		This type of sedation induces an altered state of consciousness that minimizes pain and discomfort through the use of pain relievers and sedatives.
		Patients, who receive conscious sedation usually are able to speak and respond to verbal cues throughout the procedure, communicating any discomfort they experience to the provider.
		The number and type of procedures that can be performed using conscious sedation have increased significantly as a result of new technology and state of the art drugs.
	www.aana.com /patients/conscious.asp (575 words)

	Sedation Dentistry
		The disadvantages with this method are that the level of anesthesia for each person is not as predictable as a general anesthesia nor an I.V. sedation.
		The type of sedation that is being referred to as "sedation dentistry" is the last one described above listed as "orally administered sedation".
		One very important aspect of sedation dentistry is the use of an oxipulsimeter.
	www.austindental.com /more/sedation.shtml (580 words)

	ENW: Sedation Guidelines from Emergency Nursing World ! [http://ENW.org]
		The purpose of conscious, dissociative, and deep sedation in the emergency department is to humanely facilitate noxious and painful procedures with minimal discomfort and minimal danger to the patient’s physiologic homeostasis.
		The scope is to effectively carry out such sedation for brief procedures not requiring the extended time, monitoring, surgical relaxation, and physiologic control typical of general anesthesia in an operating room.
		If safe sedation is not adequate to accomplish the procedure, it may be necessary to abort further efforts and admit or have the patient return for general anesthesia in the OR.
	enw.org /SedationGuidelines.htm (1094 words)

	Sedation Dental Care, Cosmetic Dentistry, Raleigh, North Carolina
		Sedation Dental Care is the largest sedation provider in the Triangle and one of the largest sedation providers on the East Coast.
		Sedation Dental Care has mastered the art of sedation as well as gentle, caring, and quality dental treatment.
		Sedation and Cosmetic General Dentists serving the Raleigh, Durham, Chapel Hill, Cary, Apex, Clayton, Garner, Smithfield, Knightdale, and Wake Forest area.
	www.sedationdentistry.com (239 words)

	Controlled Sedation for Refractory Suffering - Part I
		In either case, the decision to begin a trial of sedation is always difficult for clinicians, requiring thorough patient assessment and discussions with the patient, family and other team members.
		In sedation, the intent is to relieve intractable suffering, not hasten death.
		Sedation in the management of refractory symptoms: guidelines for evaluation and treatment, J. Pall.
	www.mywhatever.com /cifwriter/library/eperc/fastfact/ff106.html (803 words)

	PEDIATRIC SEDATION
		Dramatic advances in procedural sedation techniques along with a greater understanding of the pharmacodynamics of available sedatives and analgesics have led to safer, more effective sedation and analgesia in children, making it easier to provide relief to those patients who require it.
		Due to the nature of procedures performed in the emergency room, deep sedation is often needed to ensure an appropriate level of analgesia and cooperation.
		Proper documentation calls for the sedator to obtain appropriate informed consent from the parents and to record the patient’s vital signs, oxygen saturation as measured by pulse oximetry, medications given and any remarkable or unexpected events.
	www.femf.org /education/sbs99/coombs.htm (2660 words)

	Nursing Management: Conscious sedation...coming to a unit near you (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Conscious sedation is fast becoming the preferred method of anxiety and pain relief for procedures.l,2 It doesn't require anesthesia providers or highly specialized equipment, and it enables clinicians to perform many new therapeutic and diagnostic procedures in hospital and clinic settings.3
		Conscious sedation is the administration of systemic medications by any route to produce sedation, with or without analgesia during a procedure.
		As the depth of sedation increases, so does the patient's potential to progress to deep sedation, loss of airway protective reflexes, and inability to follow command.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa3619/is_200004/ai_n8902430 (1007 words)

	201 KAR 8:390. General anesthesia, deep sedation, and conscious sedation by dentists.
		(4) A facility where general anesthesia, deep sedation, or conscious sedation with a parenteral drug is employed shall meet board standards to insure that the protocol procedures, facilities, drugs, equipment, and personnel utilization are acceptable for safe and appropriate use.
		The same educational and equipment requirements established in subsection (4) of this section and Section 3 of this administrative regulation conscious sedation with parenteral drugs shall be required for the enteral sedation of patients under thirteen (13) years of age.
		This mechanism and route of sedation shall be a controlled, pharmacological induced, depressed level of consciousness.
	www.lrc.state.ky.us /kar/201/008/390.htm (1472 words)

	The Pediatric Sedation Unit: A Mechanism for Pediatric Sedation -- Lowrie et al. 102 (3): 30 -- Pediatrics
		American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry Guidelines for the elective use of pharmacologic conscious sedation and deep sedation in pediatric dental patients.
		Sedation and analgesia in pediatric patients for procedures outside the operating room.
		Bloomfield EL, Masaryk TJ, Caplin A, Intravenous sedation for MR imaging of the brain and spine in children: pentobarbital versus propofol.
	pediatrics.aappublications.org /cgi/content/full/102/3/e30 (4650 words)

	The way forward for dental sedation and primary care?
		Seventy-four per cent of participants considered that there was a need for sedation in their own practice and 68% were interested in further postgraduate training in sedation techniques.
		The use of conscious sedation techniques for the management of the patient with dental anxiety showed considerable variation within a group of dental practitioners working in primary care.
		Sedation training must improve if conscious sedation is to become the principle alternative to general anaesthesia in dental practice.
	www.nature.com /doifinder/10.1038/sj.bdj.4801512a (371 words)

	Syllabus on Geriatric Anesthesiology
		When sedating the geriatric patient, the agent of choice should have a short half-life, with minimal active metabolites and limited side effects.
		Several novel approaches to sedation have recently evolved, and a few may prove useful in enhancing the care of geriatric patients undergoing procedures in remote locations.
		The processed EEG signal is quantitated and used as an indicator of sedation level.
	www.asahq.org /clinical/geriatrics/safe.htm (1259 words)

	Sedation for invasive procedures in paediatrics -- MURPHY 77 (4): 281 -- Archives of Disease in Childhood
		Sedation for invasive procedures in paediatrics -- MURPHY 77 (4): 281 -- Archives of Disease in Childhood
		Sedation in children scanned with high-field magnetic resonance: the experience at the Hospital for Sick Children, Great Ormond Street.
		Guidelines for the elective use of conscious sedation, deep sedation, and general anesthesia in pediatric patients.
	adc.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/77/4/281 (2536 words)

	Sedation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Sedation is the act of calming by administration of a sedative.
		A sedative is a medication that commonly induces the nervous system to calm.
		Additionally, sedation is often desirable to diminish fear associated with operative procedures.
	www.lifesteps.com /gm/Atoz/ency/sedation.jsp (1005 words)

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