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Topic: Seismogram

Related Topics

Amplitude

Seismograph

Logarithmic scale

Seismic wave

Richter Magnitude Scale

Epicenter

Seismology

Richter scale

Beno Gutenberg

Intensity

Wave

Charles Francis Richter

Timeline of invention

December 23

April 26

	How Do I Read a Seismogram?
		When you look at a seismogram, there will be wiggly lines all across it.
		If there aren't any S waves marked on your seismogram, it probably means the earthquake happened on the other side of the planet.
		The surface waves (Love and Rayleigh waves) are the other, often larger, waves marked on the seismogram.
	www.geo.mtu.edu /UPSeis/reading.html (354 words)

	Quake: Real-time Seismogram Displays
		The seismograms displayed are from a few of the seismograph stations routinely recorded by the Northern California Seismograph Network.
		When an earthquake occurs the seismogram will show ground motions that typically last from several tens of seconds to many minutes, depending on the size of the earthquake and the sensitivity of the seismograph.
		The height of the recorded waves on the seismogram (wave amplitude) is a greatly magnified representation of the actual ground motion.
	quake.wr.usgs.gov /recent/helicorders (0 words)

	Quake: Real-time Seismogram Displays
		The seismograms displayed are from a few of the seismograph stations routinely recorded by the Northern California Seismograph Network.
		The height of the recorded waves on the seismogram (wave amplitude) is a greatly magnified representation of the actual ground motion.
		Not all the wiggles seen on the seismograms are due to earthquakes.
	quake.usgs.gov /recent/helicorders (574 words)

	Seismograms Offer Insight Into Oklahoma City Bombing
		The seismograms also indicate that the seismic signal from the demolition changes from a single wave train to two wave trains as the seismic energy propagates outward to FNO (see wave trains 2 and 3 in Figure 3b).
		The FNO seismogram again includes two wave trains about 10 s apart that are comparable in amplitude and frequency to the April 19 low-frequency wave trains (see wave trains 2 and 3 in Figure 4a).
		Seismograms were computed using a numerical code described by Wang and Herrmann [1980] and Herrmann and Wang [1985].
	www.agu.org /sci_soc/eosholzer.html (2546 words)

	Automatic First-Arrival Detection and Picking with Multiscale Wavelet Analysis
		Anant and Dowla (1997) applied the discrete wavelet transform (DWT) to 3-C seismograms to identify the P and S phase arrivals of seismic events by using the polarization and amplitude information contained in the wavelet coefficients of the signals.
		For a seismogram with a relatively low signal to noise (S/N) ratio, there may be several local minima in AIC values, but the global minimum still indicates accurately the P-wave onset (Figure 1b).
		For seismograms shown in a, b and c with a P-wave arrival, picks at different scales are near each other.
	www.geology.wisc.edu /~hjzhang/pick.htm (4367 words)

	Past Seismograms from Station BNY
		Seismogram Recorded at Station BINY (Binghamton Regional Airport) from the September 28, 2004 Parkfield, California, earthquake (M 6.0).
		Seismogram Recorded at Station BINY (Binghamton Regional Airport) from the December 9, 2003 Virginia, earthquake.
		Seismogram Recorded at Station BNY from the September 25, 2003 Hokkaido, Japan, earthquake.
	www.geol.binghamton.edu /past_seismograms.html (234 words)

	Activity #4 -- The Richter Scale
		The magnitude scale developed by Charles Richter assigns a numerical value for the magnitude of an earthquake based upon a comparison of the maximum amplitude of deflection on a seismogram, as recorded by a standard Wood-Anderson torsion seismometer, and the distance from that seismometer to the earthquake's source.
		The time scale of this seismogram is given directly beneath the rectangle; marks on the rectangle's borders correspond to these numbers, which give hours, minutes, and seconds.
		Remember that the P-wave arrival is the first point (going from left to right) at which the trace deflects from a "resting" position (generally a flat line), and that the S-wave arrival is typically marked by an obvious increase in amplitude and/or an increase in the wavelength of the "wiggles" in the waveform trace.
	www.data.scec.org /Module/s3act04.html (1476 words)

	The Seismogram
		A seismogram is a record of the ground shaking recorded by a seismograph.
		The P waves travel fastest through the Earth so they arrive at a seismograph first, followed by the S waves and lastly by the surface waves.
		The figure above is the seismogram of the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake recorded at a seismograph in Kongsberg, Norway, 8400 km (about 5,200 miles) away.
	www.thetech.org /exhibits/online/quakes/grams (64 words)

	How read a Seismogram (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Seismograms are usually represented in time series so the X axis of the chart is time.
		The Y axis is the amplitude of the signal.
		All seismograms are divided basicly in four sections.
	www.infoeq.it /seismogram_analysis.htm (320 words)

	Activity: A study of a seismogram K 16-18 (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The shape, lenght, maximum amplitude of soil motion and contents of frequency of a seismogram, changes with epicentral distance and magnitude of an earthquake.
		On a seismogram of a local earthquake, the students will determine the temporal defference between first arrivals of P and S phase, maximum amplitude of soil motion, lenght of recording and contents of frequency.
		To determine the principal phases, the amplitude, the lenght and the contents of frequency on a seismogram of a regional and of a teleseismic event.
	www.orfeus-eu.org /newsletter/vol6no2/Activity_1.htm (366 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The first visible wave on the seismogram is the primary wave or P-wave.
		The second visible wave on the seismogram is the secondary wave or S-wave.
		The third and last wave visible on the seismogram is a wave on the surface, long wave or L-wave.
	library.thinkquest.org /15616/aard5.html (313 words)

	Fairly Simple Exercises (Site not responding. Last check: )
		It makes a graph (seismogram) of the motion of the earth as it is recorded at the seismograph station, figure 1.
		Notice that the further the seismograph is from the epicenter, the later the P-wave arrives and the longer the separation between the P- and S-waves.
		The P-wave (shown as P on the seismograms) is the fastest traveling wave and arrives at the seismograph first.
	www.skidmore.edu /~jthomas/fairlysimpleexercises/locateaquake.html (2238 words)

	Seismology - Seismogram
		Seismogram is the record of the wave which is imprinted by a seismograph on paper, film, or recording tape or is stored and displayed by computers.
		Primary Wave or P Wave : P Wave is the first visible wave on the seismogram.
		Secondary Wave or S Wave : The second visible wave on the seismogram is the Secondary Wave or S Wave.
	library.thinkquest.org /C005686/htmfiles/seismogram.htm (345 words)

	SeismoArchives at IRIS
		The following archives are being constructed under the auspices of the International Committee for Preservation of WWSSN and Historical Seismograms (ICPWHS) of the International Association of Seismology and Physics of the Earth's (IASPEI), in collaboration with the Data Management Center (DMC) of the Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology (IRIS), and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS).
		Although the IRIS DMC has been managing modern digital seismogram data since the 1980s, the bulk of the seismograms recorded by seismic observatories and networks for over 100 years are in analog form on either papers or microfilms.
		We are now concentrating on preserving a tiny fraction of the seismograms recorded by the Worldwide Standardized Seismograph Network in the 1960s and 1970s (about 5 million seismograms on 70mm film chips), and by the Historical Seismogram Filming Project in the 1980s (about 0.5 million seismograms on microfilms for earthquakes prior to 1963).
	www.iris.edu /seismo (307 words)

	How Do I Locate That Earthquake's Epicenter?
		On this seismogram, the amplitude is 23 millimeters.
		Do the same thing for the distance to the epicenter that the other seismograms recorded (with the location of those seismographs at the center of their circles).
		The point where all of the circles overlap is the approximate epicenter of the earthquake.
	www.geo.mtu.edu /UPSeis/locating.html (568 words)

	Seismic Waves
		To view a variety of seismograms to become familiar with the shape and sequence of typical wave traces; to relate wave traces to existing knowledge, beliefs, and experiences of earthquakes.
		The bottom seismogram was recorded on Ascension Island, part of the British colony of St. Helena in the South Atlantic, 60° away from the epicenter.
		The Albuquerque seismogram from Figure 4 and the Spain seismogram from Figure 5 are placed together, with time shown in thousands of seconds and displacement shown in microns.
	www.gns.cri.nz /outreach/qt/quaketrackers/curr/seismic_waves.htm (2916 words)

	Eqk_Seismic waves
		The principal elements of a seismogram that interest seismologists (scientists who study earthquakes) are the relative size of the recorded waves and the difference in time that the first P and S waves were recorded.
		The amplitude of the recorded wave is proportional to the magnitude of shaking associated with the earthquake but shaking may vary with the character of the material underlying the seismograph station.
		The difference in arrival time between P and S waves on a seismogram can be used to determine the distance of the station from the earthquake source and the amplitude (height) of the S wave recorded at the station can be used to determine earthquake magnitude (see Earthquake measurement).
	www.mhhe.com /earthsci/geology/mcconnell/earthquakes/swaves.htm (917 words)

	Seismogram (Site not responding. Last check: )
		A seismogram is a graph output by a seismograph.
		It measures the seismic movement of the ground at a measuring station.
		Note : this is a placeholder article, someone should upload a free seismogram image.
	www.serebella.com /encyclopedia/article-Seismogram.html (89 words)

	IMSA Geophysics: Earthquakes (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The seismograms at three stations which recorded the event show the arrival times of the P and S waves.
		Since P, S and surface waves travel at different rates, their individual signals show up consecutively on the seismogram, and the transition from one wave form to another is relatively easy to pick out in many cases.
		A quick inspection of the seismogram shows that this was a very powerful earthquake as evidenced by the strong ground motion.
	www.imsa.edu /edu/geophysics/geosphere/tectonics/seismogram.html (1115 words)

	VASE Software Manual : Viewer and Seismogram Extraction tool
		Each time you click on the "Display Seismogram" button a new tabbed pane will be created with the name "View Pane n" where "n" is an incrementing number.
		The scrolling bar with a seismogram animation is an indicator that the program is receiving data.
		Notice the diamond bar is indicating a displayed time between the hours of 21 and 22:00 which matches the displayed seismograms.
	www.iris.edu /manuals/vase.htm (1794 words)

	WebSeis: Lamont-Doherty Cooperative Seismographic Network
		View Archive Seismograms Recorded at LCSN in 1999-2005.
		Seismograms Images of GSN/IRIS stations in the region from Albuquerque Seismological Lab., USGS
		LOZ: Seismogram images are available since 10/15/1999, but there are large gaps in the data.
	www.ldeo.columbia.edu /LCSN/view_pal.html (248 words)

	Spectral characteristics of the 11 May 1998 Pokhran and 28 May 1998 Chaghai nuclear explosions
		A spectral seismogram is a two-dimensional multicoloured time-frequency representation of the broadband seismogram.
		In this approach, a broadband seismogram is passed through a number of overlapping band pass filters to obtain the corresponding bandpass seismograms.
		The spectral seismograms effectively exhibit the frequency contents of each identifiable seismic phase, which are not readily identifiable in the original broadband recording.
	www.ias.ac.in /currsci/apr25/articles20.htm (1756 words)

	Seismogram in TutorGig Encyclopedia
		The energy measured in a seismogram may result from an earthquake or from some other source, such as an explosion.
		Historically, seismograms were recorded on paper attached to rotating drums.
		Seismograms recorded around the world from recent earthquakes (weeks old) as well as larger earthquakes from the past are viewable with http://rev.seis.sc.edu REV, the Rapid Earthquake Viewer
	www.tutorgig.com /ed/seismogram (231 words)

	Earthquakes
		If the difference in the arrival times for the P and S at some particular station can be determined, then by using the travel time curves, the distance from that station to the epicenter can be obtained.
		For example, in Figure 6-2 (sample seismogram) notice that the P wave arrives ~ 2.1 minutes and the S wave arrives ~ 5.4 minutes.
		Sections of seismograms from three stations are given in Figure 6-3.
	mimp.mems.cmu.edu /~ordofmag/earthqua/earqua.htm (778 words)

	Final Lab Report
		The ideal environment was placing the seismogram on a level floor, in a room that is quiet, no one is walking around, and the most important of all, no vibrations.
		Throughout the construction, the seismogram was built with the constant thinking of “ease of adjustments”.
		All these adjustments are very important to the accuracy and the precision of the seismogram, because with just a little adjustment, the total level of current generated would be either higher or lower, due to it’s low level of current generated, it is the best to have the highest level of current generated where possible.
	kilby.sac.on.ca /physics/spa3m/ISU98/SIESMO3/final.htm (3120 words)

	Earthquakes: Seismic Waves
		Seismic waves are recorded on a seismogram at a seismograph station.
		Earthquake magnitude is calculated using the amplitude (height) of the S wave recorded on a seismogram.
		Data at a single seismograph station are insufficient to pin-point the earthquake epicenter because a seismogram yields only the distance from the earthquake source.
	www.mhhe.com /earthsci/geology/mcconnell/eqk/swaves.htm (959 words)

	swap_triangulation
		One is the letter P, another is a picture of calipers, and the third is a picture of a magnifying glass.
		tool is used to pinpoint a pot on the seismogram; this is used to mark where you think the P-wave arrival might be.
		Move this cursor to the point of suspected P-wave arrival; as you move this cursor, note that the time (to a thousandth of a second) is readable in the box to the right of the selected area.
	www.indiana.edu /~pepp/manuals/html/swap_triangulation.htm (885 words)

	Synthetic Seismogram Services
		Our product is widely used in the exploration community in support of prospect development and evaluation.
		The price for synthetic seismograms is $225.00 plus the cost of digitizing or digital log data for the well.
		Synthetics can also be processed from client supplied las files for a nominal reformat/edit fee ($12.00/curve displayed).
	www.petrophysics.com /Synthetic.html (189 words)

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