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Topic: Selective breeding

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	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Selective breeding
		Selective breeding in domesticated animals is the process of developing a cultivated breed over time.
		Selective breeding is used as a springboard to introduce the theory of natural selection, and to support it.
		Selective breeding is also used in research to produce transgenic animals that breed true (i.e.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Selective_breeding (724 words)

	Subcommittee A: Selective Breeding and Hybridization
		Through processes known as selective breeding and hybridization, farmers and other plant breeders create crops that have many desirable characteristics and few undesirable ones.
		Selective breeding uses plants that exhibit the most desirable traits to pollinate for seed.
		Other plants are selectively chosen for their ability to survive on less water and are planted in areas prone to drought.
	www.nd.edu /~chem191/a1.html (607 words)

	Selective Breeding
		Selective breeding can be described as being systematic breeding of animals in order to change certain qualities in them.
		With selective breeding of pets, the question is about systematically improving the animals to resemble the written standards laid down for them.
		The results of selective breeding are often visible only after years of work, but it is hardly possible to ever breed the perfect mouse.
	www.hiiret.fi /eng/breeding/methods1.html (1520 words)

	Selective breeding (Site not responding. Last check: )
		'''Selective breeding''' in domesticated animals is the process of developing a cultivated breed over time.
		Ordinarily those who are controlling the Artificial breeding will find it necessary at some stage to employ a degree of linebreeding (mating within One bloodline, or strain) or inbreeding (mating closely related individuals), to facilitate the weeding-out of undesired characteristics and the fixation of desired traits.
		His claim that selective breeding had been successful in producing change over time was One of the key arguments proposed by Charles Darwin to support His theory of natural selection in His acclaimed yet controversial work Origin of Species.
	selective-breeding.iqnaut.net (874 words)

	Selective breeding
		Selective breeding in domesticated animals is the process of developing a cultivated breed over time.
		Ordinarily those who are controlling the artificial breeding will find it necessary at some stage to employ a degree of linebreeding (mating within one bloodline, or strain) or inbreeding (mating closely related individuals), to facilitate the weeding-out of undesired characteristics and the fixation of desired traits.
		His claim that selective breeding had been successful in producing change over time was one of the key arguments proposed by Charles Darwin to support his theory of natural selection in his acclaimed yet controversial work Origin of Species.
	www.ibpassociation.org /encyclopedia/Biotechnology/Selective_breeding.php (1005 words)

	E v o l u t i o n (Site not responding. Last check: )
		It is impossible, though, to select a single trait with selective breeding and as a result of that, somewhere along the line, a fox selected for its tolerance of humans was also one that possessed some trait causing him to act, generally, more juvenile (barking, tail held high) throughout his life.
		Selective breeding allows for the rapid evolutionary change of organisms (plants and animals) but the method is heavy handed and imperfect.
		Selective breeding, the most primitive tool in humans' evolutionary arsenal, is also one of the greatest example of rapid evolutionary change at the hands of humans.
	hs.riverdale.k12.or.us /~dthompso/exhib_03/jefft/E_v_o_l_u_t_i_o_n6.html (1371 words)

	Genetic Engineering - MSN Encarta
		Included in genetic engineering techniques are the selective breeding of plants and animals, hybridization (reproduction between different strains or species), and recombinant deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA).
		In selective breeding, only those plants or animals with desirable characteristics are chosen for further breeding.
		Cattle and pigs were first domesticated about 8,500 to 9,000 years ago and through selective breeding have become main sources of animal food for humans.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761557775/Genetic_Engineering.html (708 words)

	Selective breeding - AskTheBrain.com
		Selective breeding for other colour varieties has produced the magnificent blue Burmese as well as a variety of other attractive hues ranging from red and cream to lilac and tortoiseshell.
		Through selective breeding to Siamese, it was established that the Burmese is a distinct breed.
		Continued selective breeding within their breed has usually resulted in calm affectionate bunnies that like to be cuddled.
	www.askthebrain.com /breeding_selective-.html (367 words)

	Breeding - Dogs or Pedigrees?
		Nearly all breeding of domestic animals is selective as opposed to random.
		Later, it was recognized that breeding together closely related animals tended to speed up the process of "fixing" the desired traits within a few generations.
		Breeding by pedigree is the type of selective breeding most often practiced today.
	www.netpets.com /dogs/reference/genetics/assort2.html (1039 words)

	Teachers' Domain: Classical vs. Transgenic Breeding
		While classical breeding combines thousands of genes between individuals of the same species, genetic engineering combines one or a few selected genes between individuals of the same -- or, in some cases, different -- species.
		When a breeder chooses a male plant and a female plant for breeding, what he or she is really doing is choosing specific genes to combine from those two plants.
		Classical breeding could never achieve such a thing, since it requires the parent organisms to be of the same species.
	www.teachersdomain.org /resources/tdc02/sci/life/gen/breeding (656 words)

	breeding. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		Breeders conserve desired characteristics and suppress undesirable ones by repeatedly selecting meritorious individuals from each generation to be the parents of the next.
		Selective breeding developed with the domestication of useful species during the Neolithic period: the oldest known remains of cultivated crops and domestic animals show signs of purposeful improvement.
		Knowledge of genomes and the techniques of genetics also enhance conventional breeding: In marker-assisted breeding, genetic markers are used to identify the desired characteristics in a plant while it is a seedling, reducing the time needed to select individuals with those traits.
	www.bartleby.com /65/br/breeding.html (512 words)

	What Is Selective Breeding - Search.com
		Selective breeding in domesticated animals is the process of a breeder developing a cultivated breed over time, and selecting qualities within individuals...
		Selective breeding in domesticated animals is the process of...
		If selective breeding is carried out over many generations this results in the production of varieties of plants and breeds of animals (see variety).
	www.search.com /search?q=What+Is+Selective+Breeding&tag=se.sr-1-118.rel.c.10.10.2.1.10 (367 words)

	Cawthron, aquaculture, selective breeding, shellfish, cryopreservation, spat.
		This technique to enhance the harvest has been used for millennia and is based on the knowledgeable choice of parents for the next crop.
		Selective breeding of shellfish is not a trivial undertaking.
		A large number of animals are involved, each of them needs to be recognisable as an individual, each generation of animals goes through all stages of the life cycle including the grow-out under typical farm conditions.
	www.cawthron.org.nz /aquaculture/selective-breeding.html (242 words)

	American Kennel Club - Border Collie
		As a result of this selective breeding, the Border Collie developed the unique working style of gathering and fetching the stock with wide sweeping outruns.
		This selective breeding over hundreds of years developed the Border Collie's intensity, energy and trainability which are features so important that they are equal to physical size and appearance.
		Breeding based on this working ability has made this breed the world's premier sheep herding dog, a job the Border Collie is still used for worldwide.
	www.akc.org /breeds/border_collie/index.cfm (1450 words)

	Breeding the Guppy - Poecilia reticulata by Christian B. Homrich Jnr.
		Selective breeding is when you buy your fish and you look for the traits you wish to have in the offspring in the breeding stock you are planning to purchase.
		Line breeding is when you take the offspring from this group of breeders and mate them back to the original breeding group.
		By breeding the daughters back to the father you have a much higher chance of seeing the desired traits.
	www.aquarticles.com /articles/breeding/Homrich_Breeding_Guppy.html (1242 words)

	A new breed of fox
		To ensure that their tameness resulted from genetic selections, the scientists didn't train the foxes and their contact with humans was limited to brief, behavioural tests.
		Breeding foxes to strengthen a single behavioural trait also brought about a wide variety of physical changes seen in many animals that become domesticated.
		And although the geneticists didn't select for size, the domesticated foxes were slightly longer on average.
	www.exn.ca /Templates/Story.cfm?ID=1999033055 (765 words)

	Breeding English Pointers
		The majority of these breeders will tell you that their pursuit to improve the breed is a costly endeavor and that they are engaged in breeding principally because of their love of the breed.
		The continuous successful breeding of English Pointers is both an art and a science requiring not only a basic knowledge of the anatomy and physiology of the breed, but a never ending supply of your own money.
		Selective Line Breeding is used to maintain the established characteristics of a strain.
	www.numarkkennel.com /breeding_pointers.htm (773 words)

	Selective Breeding for Herd Improvement
		A cardinal rule of selective breeding is that two goats with the same fault are never mated.
		This breeding method has been called a "trial by fire" because there are more chances for disaster than for good.
		The first step in selective breeding is choosing the right buck to breed to each doe, regardless of the mating system you choose.
	kinne.net /matesys.htm (1174 words)

	TWISTY CATS AND THE ETHICS OF BREEDING FOR DEFORMITY
		It might phase out and prohibit breeding, showing and selling of certain types or breeds whose characteristics are linked to harmful defects such as abnormally short face and abnormal positions of teeth (brachycephaly and brachygnathia in Persian cats) to avoid difficulties in feeding and caring for the newborn.
		The breeding population to be monitored regarding vitality and functionality with particular attention to the intervertebral disks (spine) including x-rays (radiographs).
		Breeding ban on extremely short-nosed cats where the upper edge of the muzzle is higher than the edge of the lower eye lid.
	messybeast.com /twisty.htm (7577 words)

	Marker Assisted Selective Breeding
		Traditional breeding of crops and animals has been based on the use of genetic markers that are inherited.
		Selection of QTL traits has been inherently slow and meticulous, but has resulted in major improvements to crops and livestock.
		The molecular markers used in selection are probed using sequences from a gene bank and identified.
	www.i-sis.org.uk /MAS.php (1334 words)

	Selective Breeding Principles
		The selection of the breeding pair includes pedigree research, conformation evaluation, temperament evaluation, review of health clearances, and working ability.
		Dogs with minor conformation faults may be selectively bred with the goal of improving the conformation of the offspring.
		Not all Labrador puppies are potential breeding stock and not all Labrador owners are potential breeders.
	www.sunsetlabs.com /about_breeders/selective_breeding_program.html (557 words)

	Selective Breeding Principles
		The selection of the breeding pair includes pedigree research, temperament evaluation, review of health clearances, and working ability.
		Both line breeding (a type of in-breeding) and out-crossing are common practices in quality breeding programs.
		Dogs with minor conformation faults may be selectively bred with the goal of improving the conformation of the offspring.
	www.metrocast.net /~nin/about_breeders/selective_breeding_program.html (513 words)

	Breeding the Not-so-Common Guppy by Rich Serva
		After many generations of selective breeding, the "old time" guppy breeders developed what we now call the "fancy guppy".
		There is a greater incidence of deformities that comes from breeding older, past their prime fish.
		Selecting the best male is easy; selecting the best female requires becoming familiar with your strain.
	www.aquarticles.com /articles/breeding/Serva_Breedingguppy.html (882 words)

	Twisty Kats - The Ethics Of Breeding For Deformity
		This possibly included selective breeding for colour and shape of horns (lyre-horned cattle) which may have been important traits for religious reasons.
		Our inborn curiosity, coupled with our ability to control the breeding of animals, must be tempered with a respect for an animal's health and for the ongoing health of future generations of those we selective breed because they are visually pleasing or are useful to us.
		Deliberate inbreeding is needed to perpetuate the mutation.
	www.centralpets.com /php/search/storiesdisplay.php?Story=80 (3631 words)

	::: Animal Rights Malta.com ::: Selective breeding and dangerous dogs.
		And this would be in conformity with the animal rights view, which requires that the interests of all sentient animals are taken into account, and that the least harm possible be applied to individual animals in the case of conflict of interest between members of different species (or breeds).
		We have an overpopulation problem that means millions of dogs are killed every year for lack of good homes, so a breed ban on any breed or, preferably, all of them, can only reduce the flow of new dogs coming into a world that can't accommodate those already dying for a place.
		The banning of the importation and breeding of pit bulls and like dogs and the registration of all such dogs which would be classified as potentially dangerous breeds.
	www.animalrightsmalta.com /dangerousdogs.html (1130 words)

	Types of Breeding: Inbreeding, Line-breeding, outcrossing, outbreeding
		Sometimes, in-breeding is the only option available, for example, in the re-creation of a nearly extinct breed or in breeding programs of newly created breeds.
		Line breeding is the mating of dogs having many common ancestors or mating to a slightly removed relative, e.g.
		In summary, most successful breeders use some formula involving general line breeding with inbreeding employed when sufficiently outstanding products of their line result and outcrossing only when another line can supply a strong characteristic in which they are lacking.
	www.bulldoginformation.com /breeding-types.html (399 words)

	Selective Breeding during the 1930s Depression
		Although many livestock breeders were raising purebred dairy or beef cattle, the heat, drought, and diseases of the 1930s forced farmers to concentrate more on keeping their cattle alive than on selective breeding.
		Selective breeding took a giant step ahead later in the decade.
		In 1938 a group of dairy farmers organized into a cooperative to manage the selective breeding of dairy cows by artificial insemination.
	www.livinghistoryfarm.org /farminginthe30s/crops_14.html (195 words)

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