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Topic: Self-censorship

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Censorship - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Official censorship might occur at any jurisdictional level within a state or nation that otherwise represents itself as opposed to formal censorship. Censorship has been alleged to occur in such media policies as blurring the boundaries between hard news and news commentary, and in the appointment of allegedly biased commentators, such as a former government attorney, to serve as anchors of programs labeled as hard news but comprising primarily anti-criminal commentary. Censorship is regarded among a majority of academics in the Western world as a typical feature of dictatorships and other authoritarian political systems. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Censorship   (2645 words)

censorship. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05 Censorship may be either preventive or punitive, according to whether it is exercised before or after the expression has been made public. Nevertheless, there have been examples of official political censorship, notably in the actions taken under the Sedition Act of 1798 (see Alien and Sedition Acts), suppression of abolitionist literature in the antebellum South, and local attempts in the 19th and 20th cent. Attempts to suppress political freedom of the press in the American colonies were recurrent; one victory against censorship was the trial of John Peter Zenger. www.bartleby.com /65/ce/censorsh.html   (1233 words)

Censorship - MSN Encarta Thus, the rationale for censorship is that it is necessary for the protection of three basic social institutions: the family, the church, and the state. In modern times, censorship refers to the examination of books, periodicals, plays, films, television and radio programs, news reports, and other communication media for the purpose of altering or suppressing parts thought to be objectionable or offensive. In nondemocratic societies censorship is a dominant and all-pervasive force, felt on all levels of artistic, intellectual, religious, political, public, and personal life. encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761559522/Censorship.html   (772 words)

Censorship Whereas censorship in the 1950s and 1960s was based on the presumed standards and tastes of the white middle-class nuclear family, censorship in the 1970s became a process of balancing the often conflicting values of marginal social groups. Conceptions of censorship derive from Roman practice in which two officials were appointed by the government to conduct the census, award public contracts and supervise the manners and morals of the people. While censorship has often been constructed against the explicit backdrop of morality, it has been implicitly based on assumptions about the identity and composition of the audience for American broadcast television at particular points in time. www.museum.tv /archives/etv/C/htmlC/censorship/censorship.htm   (1917 words)

(IRAYLS) - Censorship - Section of Libraries for Children and Young Adults Censorship is more strongly motivated by the fear of losing control over children than a concern for their moral development, and books which portray young people who defy parental values may especially outrage authoritarian personalities. Strategies to avoid censorship challenges include avoiding or removing titles which have been challenged elsewhere, avoiding or restricting all works by particular authors or artists, and avoiding certain subjects (such as the occult) because of their tendency to attract censorship challenges. Censorship is a behavior everyone is taught at a young age, which works to keep us healthy, civilized and moral. www.ifla.org /VII/s10/irayls/censor.htm   (868 words)

What is Censorship? Censorship is no more acceptable for being practiced in the name of religion than for national security (which is certainly an acceptable secular substitute for religious rationales in the 20th Century). To understand censorship, and the impulse to censor, it is necessary to strip away the shock epithet value that is attached to the word at first utterance. In the 20th Century, censorship was achieved through the examination of books, plays, films, television and radio programs, news reports, and other forms of communication for the purpose of altering or suppressing ideas found to be objectionable or offensive. www.gilc.org /speech/osistudy/censorship   (1913 words)

CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Censorship of Books This censorship is either ecclesiastical or civil, according as it is practiced by the spiritual or secular authority, and it may be exercised in two ways, viz.: before the printing or publishing of a work, by examining it (censura prævia); and after the printing or publishing, by repressing or prohibiting it (censura repressiva). The beginnings of the censorship just mentioned are not to be traced to the Curia of Rome, but to Cologne, where we find it established in the university in the reign of Sixtus IV. The same shortcomings disgraced the political censorship of past centuries and rightly led in the end to the failure of Gallican, Josephinistic, Napoleonic, and Prussian censorship. www.newadvent.org /cathen/03519d.htm   (9032 words)

Definitions The relative prevalence of censorship is one of the features that has most distinguished autocratic from democratic societies and is most obvious in the thorough going preventive censorship practiced today in nations such as Communist Albania. Censorship has been practiced in both the narrower and the broader senses as long as there have been organized cultures. Those societies which have been most confident of their principles and of the loyalty of their members have allowed the greatest freedom from censorship, for they have been the least fearful of the consequences of dissent. www.thefileroom.org /documents/Definitions.html   (1153 words)

censorship Censorship This page includes definitions of important terms, background information on censorship in general and on censorship on the internet, news stories about the issue, case studies of censorship cases, and various opinions on the question. Families Against Internet Censorship FAIC is committed to opposing censorship on the Internet believing that parents are the people best suited to decide what their children should and should not see. National Coalition Against Censorship The National Coalition Against Censorship (NCAC), founded in 1974, is an alliance of over 40 national non-commercial organizations, including literary, artistic, religious, educational, professional, labor, and civil liberties groups. www.scils.rutgers.edu /~kvander/censorship.html   (2222 words)

ALA Intellectual Freedom and Censorship Q&A Censorship also occurs when materials are restricted to particular audiences, based on their age or other characteristics. Censorship is the suppression of ideas and information that certain persons—individuals, groups or government officials—find objectionable or dangerous. By contrast, censorship is an exclusive process, by which individuals or institutions seek to deny access to or otherwise suppress ideas and information because they find those ideas offensive and do not want others to have access to them. www.ala.org /ala/oif/basics/intellectual.htm   (1668 words)

Censorship Quotes, Freedom of Speech Sayings Censorship reflects society's lack of confidence in itself.  It is a hallmark of an authoritarian regime.  ~Potter Stewart The fact is that censorship always defeats its own purpose, for it creates, in the end, the kind of society that is incapable of exercising real discretion.  ~Henry Steele Commager Assassination is the extreme form of censorship.  ~George Bernard Shaw, "The Rejected Statement, Part I," The Shewing-Up of Blanco Posnet, 1911 www.quotegarden.com /censorship.html   (771 words)

From fatwas to the seven dirty words, no easy answers in the fight over censorship Censorship is only part of the modern anxiety, famously voiced by George Orwell in his 1949 novel "1984," about a world increasingly yoked to computers and centralized data banks. Censorship, the "official prohibition or restriction of any type of expression believed to threaten the political, social or moral order," according to the New Columbia Encyclopedia, invokes appropriately ominous images of totalitarian regimes, forcibly silenced writers and artists, a stifled press, book burnings and similar strong-armed tactics. But raising them reminds us how pervasive the theme of censorship is in a culture steeped in a seemingly free and unimpeded flow of words and images. www.sfgate.com /cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2004/01/21/DDGN94D4QU14.DTL   (2558 words)

Index on Censorship Index on Censorship's annual Freedom of Expression Awards have honoured journalists, writers, lawyers, campaigners, filmmakers and whistleblowers who have made a significant contribution to free expression over the past year. Index Index is a chronicle of censorship and free expression abuses in some 70 countries worldwide. Recent high profile disputes raise the question whether faiths should be protected from offence, curtailing free speech where necessary. www.indexonline.org   (533 words)

Censorship There is a great deal of self-censorship operating in all institutions in the United States. An example of this is the censorship of the essay against genocide written by John Bart Gerald. This censorship, whether the result of a centrally orchestrated campaign or a remarkable series of coincidences, has made it possible for false and misleading information about UFOs to be foisted on the American public. www.serendipity.li /cda.html   (4750 words)

Film Censorship By the early 1970s, Chicago's censorship board was no longer effective, and as in cities throughout the nation, Chicago residents could attend theaters that showed everything from the latest Disney movie to hard-core pornography. A few years later, in a revealing confrontation over censorship, Chicago convened a Motion Picture Commission from September 1918 through May 1919 to hear testimony from a variety of people associated with the medium. The commission heard a diverse array of opinions regarding the role of movies in American life; and the proceedings marked the waning of civic censorship. www.encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org /pages/453.html   (421 words)

The Censorship Pages -- Information on Censorship of the Written Word Censorship is not only an important issue, but an interesting one as well. This is more true with censorship of the written word than with most topics. These pages provide the resources needed to explore how, and why censorship happens not only in the United States, but all around the world. www.booksatoz.com /censorship   (616 words)

Internet Censorship Laws in Australia The SA Internet censorship legislation is based on the 1999 draft model legislation, but is not identical, nor is it identical to the NSW Act that was also based on the draft model. Subsequently Internet censorship legislation was passed by the SA Parliament on 24 October 2002 and came into effect on 1 December 2002. The WA Censorship Act came into effect on 1 November 1996, and covers both offline material and Internet content, flying in the face of the Commonwealth Government's then attempts to confine any new Internet legislation to the Commonwealth sphere. www.efa.org.au /Issues/Censor/cens1.html   (5372 words)

Banned Book & Censorship Resources It is also, however, a nation that has always tolerated a remarkable amount of censorship, and spawned dismaying numbers of self-appointed guardians of taste and morality. Project Censored claims its primary objective is "to explore and publicize the extent of censorship in our society by locating stories about significant issues of which the public should be aware, but is not, for one reason or another." This is intended "to stimulate responsible journalists" and "to encourage the general public to... Censorship and free speech issues around the world, mostly from the countries in question georgesuttle.com /censorship/censors-all.shtml   (3226 words)

BBC NEWS Technology Microsoft censors Chinese blogs The censorship is thought to have been introduced as a concession to the Chinese government. Censorship may take different forms - political, religious, moral - but it is still censorship. If Microsoft would say no to censorship then they might not get the contract, but if other companies had the strength to also say no then the Chinese government would feel the pressure for a change. news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/technology/4088702.stm   (2079 words)

Censorship Which is why the computer networks and satellite broadcasts are the new and most important battlefield for the Censorship discussion. Most of the censorship debate is not over violent or intense sexual depiction, it is over the right to portray dissenting opinions to authority -- in the States they fight over whether Bart Simpson's philosophy should be allowed to be broadcast! As people realise they are getting the chance to bring incredible amounts of information into their home, many are realising, just like they always have in similar circumstances, that this includes more than sitcom re-runs. www.tabula-rasa.info /Horror/Censorship.html   (419 words)

Censorship, Free Speech & Secrecy Guide: Overview John Gilmore's glib dictum that "the internet interprets censorship as damage and routes around it" ignores substantial issues. This site includes a detailed profile examining the shape of censorship in Australia and New Zealand from the 1780s onwards, providing a point of reference for understanding online content regulatory mechanisms, issues and advocacy groups. This guide explores censorship, regulation of offensive material and free speech in the digital environment. www.caslon.com.au /censorshipguide.htm   (560 words)

Wartime censorship is alive and well and living on campus. By Dahlia Lithwick Call it patriotism or call it "academic sensitivity," but censorship is still censorship, even when it's invoked to shore up some gauzy dream that universities are a Technicolor rainbow of love and tolerance. Perhaps the most famous example of overzealous academic censorship is the decision of the University of South Florida to fire, then un-fire, and then ask a court whether they may constitutionally re-fire a computer engineering professor, Sami Al-Arian. Wartime censorship is alive and well and living on campus. www.slate.com /?id=2071214   (1150 words)

Reason Moore himself is calling this move a "profound censorship obstacle" of a sort that he "often seem[s] to encounter." But it is only censorship in one nation, and in a world of broadband where any media that can be reduced to digits and shot over wires, even that sort of pure state censorship will be more and more meaningless and ineffectual. On the same day Moore chose to make news from Disney's "censorship," the news was also floating about an Israeli filmmaker refusing to make changes to his film Jenin, Jenin, on the Israeli 2002 offensive on the West Bank city of Jenin. www.reason.com /links/links050604.shtml   (701 words)

Studies in Intelligence Wartime censorship is a seldom-mentioned relative of intelligence. Price kept the Censorship Office separate from the Office of War Information (OWI), believing that combining censorship activities with the pseudo-propaganda releases of the OWI would subvert the aim of keeping the American public truthfully informed about the war. Military intelligence, with initial acquiescence by the Office of Censorship, refused to release information to the public about Japanese balloon-born bombs that were carried over the American northwest by prevailing winds. www.cia.gov /csi/studies/vol46no3/article10.html   (1450 words)

Internet Censorship This year, New Mexico has already passed a draconian censorship law, and bills are pending in 10 other states. Despite the Supreme Court's ruling, states are busy crafting censorship laws at home. ACLU, the current challenge to Internet censorship now pending before the U.S. Supreme Court. www.epic.org /free_speech/censorship   (338 words)

Attacks on Intelligentsia: Censorship He did so by launching his policy of glasnost' in 1986, challenging the foundations of censorship by undermining the authority of the Union of Writers to determine which works were appropriate for publication. The Soviet censorship system was thus more pervasive than that of the tsars or of most other recent dictatorships. Glavlit (Main Administration for Literary and Publishing Affairs), created in 1922, was responsible for censorship, which came later in the creative process. www.loc.gov /exhibits/archives/attc.html   (387 words)

Banned Books Online US government officials are also now imposing censorship at the reader's end, instead of the writer's. The best comprehensive review of censorship through history that I have seen online is The File Room exhibit, begun at the University of Illinois, particularly its literature section. The Church of Scientology is frequently involved in censorship cases. digital.library.upenn.edu /books/banned-books.html   (4501 words)

Jonah Goldberg's Goldberg File on National Review Online Hollywood liberals, who claim that censorship is never warranted, make fools of themselves every time they open their mouths. Whenever a bunch of morons burn some conservative newspapers, the deans and teachers bend so far backwards to explain that burning newspapers is "a form of expression too," you'd expect they'd be able to self-administer a proctological exam. Indeed, it's easy to denounce censorship when you are blind to the fact that it already exists all around us. www.nationalreview.com /goldberg/goldberg051002.asp   (2101 words)

The Perilous Fight . Censorship PBS As part of the 1941 War Powers Act, the Lady's husband created the Office of Censorship, and appointed Byron Price, a respected Associated Press editor, to run it. Their families were encouraged to write back frequently, sending light, happy letters that were non-specific about life and especially work at home. That the First Lady would be so reprimanded demonstrates the scope and power of American censoring authorities during WW2. www.pbs.org /perilousfight/home_front/censorship   (387 words)

Feld Thoughts P Chugh on January 30, 2006 03:01 PM It is certainly interesting to look at this censorship in action. But it is also visible how censorship via just syntax has fundamental flaws. A real blight on China and a powerful issue to consider as people compromise their integrity for the sake of market access. www.feld.com /blog/archives/2006/01/censorship.html   (695 words)

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