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Topic: Semantic disputes

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	Semantic dispute - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A semantic dispute is a disagreement that arises if the parties involved disagree about whether a particular claim is true, not because they disagree on material facts, but rather because they disagree on the definitions of a word (or several words) essential to formulating the claim at issue.
		It is sometimes held that semantic disputes are not genuine disputes at all.
		Other common traps for semantic disputes include the usage of words such as liberal, democrat, conservative, republican, progressive, free, welfare or socialist whose meanings in English, or in the United States, are often quite different from how similar words are understood in other languages.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Semantic_dispute (245 words)

	The Semantical Conception of Truth
		Semantic notions are undoubtedly involved, to a larger or smaller degree, in psychology, sociology, and in practically all the humanities.
		It is perhaps unnecessary to say that semantics cannot find any direct applications in natural sciences such as physics, biology, etc.; for in none of these sciences are we concerned with linguistic phenomena, and even less with semantic relations between linguistic expressions and objects to which these expressions refer.
		As regards the applicability of semantics to mathematical sciences and their methodology, i.e., to meta-mathematics, we are in a much more favorable position than in the case of empirical sciences.
	www.vusst.hr /~logika/tarski/tarski2.html (5721 words)

	The Semantic Conception of Truth
		Semantics is a discipline which, speaking loosely, deals with certain relations between expressions of a language and the objects (or "states of affairs") "referred to" by those expressions.
		This is obvious in case linguistic phenomena and, in particular, semantic notions do not enter in any way into the subject-matter of a science; for in such a case the language of this science does not have to be provided with any semantic terms at all.
		These semantic laws should not be identified with the related logical laws of contradiction and excluded middle; the latter belong to the sentential calculus, i.e., to the most elementary part of logic and do not involve the term "true" at all.
	users.bestweb.net /~sowa/misc/tarski.htm (14065 words)

	Semantic Web Services Language Requirements
		The Semantic Web Services Initiative (SWSI) is an ad hoc initiative of academic and industrial researchers, many of whom are involved in DARPA and EU funded research projects.
		Users will be able to compose and substitute services based directly on semantic descriptions of their functional capabilities, quality of service and timeliness of availability, without regard for whether those services were known in advance to the client, or had revised interaction protocols.
		Flexible enforcement mechanisms for semantically described policies must interpret more flexible descriptions of enforcement criteria and efficiently determine case-by-case policy applicability using their local means of enforcing those policies at the underlying services architecture level.
	www.daml.org /services/swsa/swsa-requirements.html (6288 words)

	The bLOGOS
		On the one hand there are genuine semantic disputes, where participants dispute as to whether which is the correct analysis of a given target term or concept (of the sort of Karen’s martini case we have already discussed here).
		He seems to characterize them as cases where there is there is semantic indecision between the alternatives: nothing in “use” (nor in the “eligibility” of the options) settles one option as the semantic right one.
		Semantic dismissivism about the debate over ‘there are Fs’ is the view that the parties in the debate disagree about the meaning of some term in the disputed sentence and fail to perceive this disagreement is taking place.
	blogblogos.blogspot.com (4296 words)

	Michael Dummett [Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy]
		The first is that Frege is offering a semantic theory, in which the reference of an expression is its semantic value, the second is that to understand the relationship between a word and its referent, we must take as a model the relationship between a name and its bearer (Dummett, 1981a, 190).
		In a semantic theory, every simple expression is assigned a semantic value, and the semantic value of a complex expression is determined by the semantic value of the simple expressions from which it is composed.
		The aim of the semantic theory is to explain how the parts of a sentence determine the truth-value of that sentence (Dummett, 1991b, 23-25), as was explained above.
	www.iep.utm.edu /d/dummett.htm (8674 words)

	ICANN : IDN Committee : Discussion Paper on non-ASCII Top-Level Domain Policy Issues
		By "semantic association with recognized geographic units", we mean a TLD string that to a typical reader would be clearly linked to a recognized geographic unit, as is the case with the existing ASCII ccTLDs.
		By "semantic association with a cultural group or ethnicity," we mean a TLD string that to a typical reader would be clearly linked to a cultural group or ethnicity that is not defined or limited by recognized national boundaries – for example, the Kurdish or Swahili peoples.
		A example of a non-ASCII TLD semantically associated with.museum would be the TLD string consisting of the Hangul (Korean) characters meaning "museum" in Korean.
	www.icann.org /committees/idn/non-ascii-tld-paper.htm (3073 words)

	Ways To Resolve A Credit Report Dispute \| Semantic Bay
		Be sure to call your creditor and ask for the specific address of where credit report dispute issues need to be sent to ensure that there is no unnecessary delay in the credit report dispute being investigated.
		If you are correct in your credit report dispute and there is an error they will report the error to the credit bureaus and send you notification of the change.
		This item (identify item(s) disputed by name of source, such as creditors or tax court, and identify type of item, such as credit account, judgment, etc.) is (inaccurate or incomplete) because (describe what is inaccurate or incomplete and why).
	www.semanticbay.com /ways_to_resolve_a_credit_report_dispute (520 words)

	Semantics of Consciousness
		False semantics (abstractions whose referent is abducted) lead to false impressions and the cycle repeats with magnified vigor.
		The same semantic can even be represented in different languages with totally different representations that don't even have some sort of similarity between each other, but within a given language the representations should have a structural similarity to avoid confusion.
		A strong initial semantic response triggered by an outside stimulus feeds into the semantic networks and the ensuing resonances with associative feedbacks forms a shifting global semantic response fuzzy and vague in places, intense and specific others, and possibly not subsiding for hours after the initial trigger.
	home.earthlink.net /~sroof/Abraxas/sar/semicons.htm (7716 words)

	P3P Using the Semantic Web (OWL Ontology, RDF Policy and RDQL Rules)
		From a formal semantics point of view, ideally, a policy would be linked to the statements in the policy by reifying the statements within the policy and then specifying Policy .
		Furthermore the semantic of the P3P policy is not “we collect all/some values from” a data class, but “we may collect any value from” a data class.
		For example, a law may allow consumers to dispute transactions for a certain time period; therefore a business may for liability reasons decide to maintain records of transactions, or a law may affirmatively require a certain business to maintain records for auditing or other soundness purposes.
	www.w3.org /P3P/2004/040920_p3p-sw.html (3484 words)

	Hartley's First Response To Stafford
		It is illogical and absurd, however, to insist that whenever Q as a semantic category is invoked, indefiniteness must be by necessity a part of the semantic package.
		So although it is true that the predominant semantic for a singular count noun minus all definitizing factors in a pre-copulative anarthrous PN construct with EIMI is statistically higher for the I-Q category, this is not the entire case for each book or author of the NT (25).
		At each point in the statistical breakdown the question is posed in regards to the semantic determinacy of the PN in John 1:1c.
	www.jude3.net /hartley_first_response.htm (2560 words)

	Semantic Web Services Language Requirements
		Discovery is made possible primarily by a set of semantic descriptions, which are analogous to advertising in the material world.
		A semantic correspondence produced by the process of matchmaking is no guarantee that the client can actually use the service.
		A semantic web service description is a representation of a web service which describes the activity it performs.
	www.daml.org /services/swsl/requirements/swsl-requirements.shtml (3484 words)

	Challenge the Philosophy Competition 3 - Ignorant Exertion Theory (Disputes 1-2)
		Note, the definitions of “unconscious” and “ignorant” are the same in both contentions, with the only difference in the contentions being that the semantic paradox from our usage of unconscious and conscious has been eliminated in the altered contention.
		In other words, the two contentions are both contending that the origin of human knowledge is human invention from a mental state devoid of knowledge in the form of symbols or forms and which is defined by comparison.
		Your arguments and definitions are built on semantic quicksand, and depending on your newest assertions, magically disappear or reappear according to your reinvented rules with paradoxes due to your misuse of language.
	www.inexpressible.com /3d1-2.asp (1836 words)

	‘Two Dogmas’—All Bark and No Bite
		On this view apparently robust differences over fundamental metaphysical and epistemological issues are seen as differences in alternate linguistic frameworks; choice of which framework to adopt being a matter of pragmatic decision, as opposed to a judgment of truth.
		Traditional metaphysical, epistemological, and semantic disputes are, thus, deflated to the status of pragmatic decisions concerning clearly delineated alternative frameworks.
		Thus, the “Two Dogmas” discussion of semantic and epistemic holism is also relevant, not just as a rejection of reductionism, but in virtue of offering an alternative view which achieves much of what Carnap intended—with, of course, the notable exceptions of underwriting deflationism and distinguishing philosophy from science.
	people.colgate.edu /pgregory/ABNB.html (6544 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		But none of these historians actually disputed the fact that the extermination of the Jews, however it began, eventually, by the middle of 1942 at the latest, became a co-ordinated and systematic action.
		In the same way, astronomers, geographers and geologists argue about how to interpret the history and structure of the Earth and the solar system, but only within the limits imposed by the evidence; none of them argues for example that the earth is flat, or that the sun orbits the earth and not vice-versa.
		It may seem an absurd semantic dispute to deny the appellation of ‘historian’ to someone who has written two dozen books or more about historical subjects.
	www.holocaustdenialontrial.org /evidence/evans006.asp (3780 words)

	Another Response to Stafford
		Stafford is confused between lexical identification, which is established apart from context, and determining the semantic nuance of a singular count noun which requires the consulting of context.
		The semantics are the same when the copulative is either implied or explicit although in most instances it is difficult to determine whether the copulative verb would be pre or post-PN.
		The fact that the semantics of mass nouns excludes indefiniteness does not mean that the lexical identity of count nouns as including indefiniteness precludes them from exuding a semantic meaning of a mass noun.
	www.jude3.net /hartley_third_response.htm (3380 words)

	UN Security Council Resolution 242
		This was an important advance at the time, considering the fact that there wasn't a single peace treaty between Arabs and Israel until 1979.
		For obvious reasons, the U.N. could not force the relevant parties to make a peace agreement, nor would the rather ambiguous resolution have precedence over bilateral negotiations; however the resolution was the focus of numerous semantic disputes (see below).
		In simple terms, the dispute is about whether the Resolution would require Israel to retreat from all the territories it has captured, or whether it would still comply the resolution by retreating, on mutually agreed terms only from some of the territories.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/un/Un242.html (922 words)

	OVERVIEW OF BOOK CONTENTS AND STRUCTURE
		Appendix D is a collection of articles about Total Quality Management that I prepared as part of the Total Quality Management Program that I designed and managed for the State of Colorado in the late 1980’s, if you want to read some of the background to work process improvement, discussed in Chapter B5.
		As a case study of a semantic dispute I discuss the 2000 Election – The Florida Recount.
		The exercises focus on developing semantic precision (careful use of terms), recognizing the structure of an argument, evaluating inductive and deductive arguments, and causal and statistical thinking.
	home.att.net /~juddadams/bookoverview.htm (3795 words)

	Mark Moyer's Dissertation
		Given a particular arrangement of matter, one philosopher claims there is both a statue and a lump of clay, another says there is only a statue, and a third denies that even the statue exists.
		In this way, the arguments I offer may be seen as part of a larger project of coming to understand the extent to which, and the ways in which, philosophical disputes seemingly about the structure of the world can turn out to be disguised problems about the structure of our language or thought.
		Lewis applies enough semantics to argue that it is correct to say that there is only one person present before the fission.
	www.uvm.edu /~mmmoyer/dissertation.html (1258 words)

	[No title]
		But the singularist conception is a surprising one in a context where truth-conditionality is being treated as a condition of thought.
		After all, the capacity for water-thought is intuitively quite independent of ontological disputes about what sorts of properties there may be, including disputes about whether properties exist at all.
		That some of "air," "earth," "fire," and "water" strike us now as more natural-kindy than the others reflects no special semantic ambition on their part, but just that they are the ones that got lucky.
	www.mit.edu /~yablo/sksl.html (3544 words)

	Daily Howler: ''Which word is right,'' Brooks Jackson asks. But that's not the way to approach this
		In a semantic dispute, everyone agrees on the facts; it may not seem that way at first glance, but the facts really aren’t in dispute.
		For that reason, the best way to resolve a semantic dispute is to look for ways to describe the facts while avoiding the terms that are in dispute.
		The best way to settle semantic disputes is to avoid the words that are under dispute.
	www.dailyhowler.com /dh050405.shtml (2882 words)

	37:0972(81)CA - - HHS, Public Health Service, Indian Health Service, Indian Hospital, Rapid City, SD and NFFE Local 179 ...
		Prior to the change, unit employees were permitted to smoke in the designated smoking area in the public waiting room on the first floor of the hospital.
		Finally, there is no dispute in this case that (1) the Respondent notified the Union of its intent to change the policy and provided the Union with an opportunity to bargain, and (2) the Union sought bargaining over the change.
		To do so, in our view, would encourage the parties to engage in semantic disputes instead of collective bargaining and, as such, would not be consistent with the policies and purposes of the Statute.
	www.flra.gov /decisions/v37/37-081-4.html (4036 words)

	Own Your Own Words
		But one immense change separates us from the semantic battles of the mid-70's, a change visible in the term "key word" itself, which is now most commonly used to describe computerized search requests.
		These are the kinds of on-the-ground disputes that public intellectuals are regularly engaged in, and they're disputes that have real consequences, even if they are never entirely resolved.
		It is precisely this kind of real-world usage that Google lets you see in a single click, which creates a fascinating opportunity for anyone with a vested interest in shaping the popular meaning of words.
	www.ph.ucla.edu /epi/snow/ownownwords_snow.htm (1245 words)

	Words that divide \| The San Diego Union-Tribune
		Unfortunately, our choices of words serve to cloak substantive disagreements and create semantically driven disputes that could be avoided with careful attention to the subtleties of our vocabulary.
		Recognizing this will allow us to focus our attention on the genuine issues of disagreement rather than on semantic disputes about words that confuse and divide citizens, scientists and lawmakers alike.
		Kalichman is director of the Research Ethics Programs (http://ethics.ucsd.edu) and professor of pathology in the School of Medicine at the University of California at San Diego (UCSD).
	www.signonsandiego.com /uniontrib/20060524/news_lz1e24hinman.html (997 words)

	CAS Press Coverage: The New York Times, October 3, 2000
		Henry Wechsler, a Harvard researcher, first called attention to the problem of binge drinking on campus in 1993, when he concluded that 44 percent of students were binge drinking.
		Last month, he published a study disputing the basis of the new campaigns and said that the figure for binge drinkers on campus still held at 44 percent in 1999.
		To Dr. Wechsler, though, the semantic disputes divert attention from the real problem, which is that too high a percentage of students fall under his definition of binge drinking.
	www.hsph.harvard.edu /cas/Documents/NYtimess (1646 words)

	[No title]
		NEW HAVEN: In two years of mass killings and forced population displacements, Sudan and its Arab Janjaweed militias have caused the deaths of over 200,000 Africans in the country's Darfur provinces.
		Though existing international law already provides both a relevant statutory definition of genocide and a court to judge these crimes, needless semantic disputes are hampering effective punishment and deterrence.
		After a century of genocide, resistance, and research on the phenomenon, the world community has a legal definition, an international statute outlawing the crime, and a court asserting jurisdiction over it.
	yaleglobal.yale.edu /article.print?id=5227 (1192 words)

	The SS debate involves real questions. We should fight to avoid getting sidetracked.
		Our capacity for wasting time on semantic disputes is established, and need not be re-proven.
		Everyone knows these basic facts, but semantic disputes about them are raging.
		THE WASHINGTON POST: [The] dispute unfortunately leads to the question of whether the reserves in the trust fund—IOUs from one part of the government to another—should be regarded as "real" or merely bookkeeping entries.
	www.dailyhowler.com /h080601_1.shtml (2056 words)

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