Semi arid - Factbites

Semi arid - Factbites
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Topic: Semi arid

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	Desertification - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Desertification is the degradation of land in arid, semi arid and dry sub-humid areas resulting from various factors including climatic variations and human activities.
		Droughts are common in arid and semiarid lands.
		In some areas, nomads moving to less arid areas disrupt the local ecosystem and increase the rate of erosion of the land.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Desertification (1767 words)

	Arid and semi-arid lands: Characteristics and importance
		In Africa north of the equator, arid and semi-arid zones are bordered by Senegal, Upper Volta and Chad in the south; and Morocco, Algeria, Libya, and Egypt in the north.
		Arid and semi-arid or subhumid zones are characterized by low erratic rainfall of up to 700mm per annum, periodic droughts and different associations of vegetative cover and soils.
		Of significance in this debate is the recognition that the majority of the population of arid and semi-arid lands depend on agriculture and pastoralism for subsistence.
	www.iisd.org /casl/ASALProjectDetails/ASAL.htm (590 words)

	abstract.txt
		This work was initiated to detect possible climatic change as manifested by changes in desert extent for arid and semi-arid areas in Africa, the Middle East, Southwest Asia, and Central Asia, a large fairly contiguous desert and semi-desert zone of ~ 30,000,000 square kilometers.
		Firstly, the proposed work will complete the analyses of 4-km AVHRR 1982-1994 data for desert spatial extent (Kara Kum, Kyzil Kum, Gobi, Thar, etc.) and adjacent semi-arid or steppe areas for temperate Asia, presently underway by Compton Tucker at NASA/Goddard.
		The 1982-1994 AVHRR 4-km data will provide the required land cover information for the highly variable semi-arid zones of Asia.
	www.geog.umd.edu /landcover/asia-cover/abstract.txt (680 words)

	Adaptive Strategies for Sustainable Livelihoods in Arid and Semi-Arid Lands (ASALs) Project
		It was agreed that initially, the initiative would focus on agropastoralists in arid and semi-arid areas with the view of using the lessons learned from this experience to develop similar initiatives in other regions and socio-ecological systems.
		Our entry point was the identification of adaptive strategies, which are the result of indigenous knowledge and experiences, contemporary knowledge including scientific and technological innovations and policy issues, and which have led to sustainable livelihoods in arid and semi-arid lands.
		Adaptive Strategies for Sustainable Livelihoods in Arid and Semi-Arid Lands (ASALs) Project
	www.iisd.org /casl/ASALProjectDetails/IISDProjectASAL.htm (243 words)

	COMISSION V : SOIL GENESIS, CLASSIFICATION AND CARTOGRAPHY
		Genesis of arid and semi-arid soils (especially the formation of calcic, gypsic, and salic horizons); management problems; and the use of these soils for archaeological interpretations are the main focal points of this symposium.
		The role of arid soils in carbon cycle and carbon sequestration; paleoclimate reconstruction are not well understood in the past and it is the aim of this symposium to bring together soil scientists, geologist and archaeologist to fill the interdisciplinary gap.
		Keywords: genesis, formation of calcic gypsic and salic horizons, soil management, archaeology, carbon cycle (sequestration), paleoclimate
	www.sfst.org /17wcss/symposia/commission5.htm (243 words)

	PARC AZRC, Quetta
		The climate of upland Balochistan is continental semi- arid Mediterranean, with annual precipitation varying from 200 to 350 mm and a variable proportion of this total fall as moisture of snow and rain in the mid winter period or as intense showers in summer.
		Balochistan is a vast arid and semiarid region situated in the south-west of Pakistan between latitudes 25 oN and 32 oN.
		Range and Forestry Research Programme of Arid Zone Research Center, Pakistan Agricultural Research Council is carrying out research activities to better understand the vegetation dynamics and improvement potential of arid and semi-arid ranges of Balochistan.
	www.parc.gov.pk /azrc/azrc.html (12637 words)

	Egypt: Travel Tips - Travel and Survival in the Desert
		Aridity of the desert is thus very variable, ranging from the Mediterranean sub-tropical fringe to a semi-arid belt to the S and a fully arid desert interior.
		Desert and semi-desert is the largest single surface area and so has an importance for travelers rarely met with elsewhere.
		Trips into the desert even by the most careful of tour operators carry some of the hazards and a knowledge of good practice might be as helpful on the beach or tourist bus as for the full-blooded desert voyager.
	www.touregypt.net /Desert.htm (2504 words)

	Learning to Learn: Geography Text [English Online]
		Desert areas may also be described as arid and the areas around them as semi-arid.
		Desert landscapes have a number of features in common no matter where they are found throughout the world.
		The winds that blow in desert regions contribute to the formation of the deserts.
	english.unitecnology.ac.nz /resources/resources/learntolearn/geo.html (1803 words)

	Arid Zone Research Centre, Quetta
		Delineation of arid and semi-arid areas of Pakistan on the basis of precipitation and potential evapotranspiration.
		A new crop for arid and semi-arid lands.
		Fourwing Saltbush- A forage shrub for arid highland Balochistan.
	www.parc.gov.pk /azrc/azrcpub.html (5214 words)

	S0169555X0100193.abstract.en
		Since the Middle Pleistocene the southern Negev has been characterized by gypsic and salic soils typical of an extremely arid climate, while the calcic soils detected in the Red Units point to a semi-arid climate.
		The sections of the Red Units in the Pliocene valleys were incised due to continuing tilting, which completely reversed the primary westward gradient of the valleys, and they were incised by new east and northeast-flowing streams.
	www.elsevier.com /cdweb/journals/0169555X/articles/45/1-2/S0169555X0100193.abstract.en (5214 words)

	ALN No. 42: News of interest
		The primary objective of the center is to provide information support to scientists engaged in field and farm research, and to disseminate information to farmers for overall development of arid zone agriculture.
		The purpose of this conference is to provide a forum whereby scientists/researchers, development workers/agencies or others who have used plants in income generating or environmental projects in semi-arid /arid regions can share their experiences.
		The wise use of plant germplasm that is either native or adaptable to semi-arid/arid lands can contribute to the halt of desertification and sustainable development of such lands.
	ag.arizona.edu /OALS/ALN/aln42/news42.html (470 words)

	prop1996.html
		Very little of the arid zone is arable and in much of the semi-arid zone, agriculture is problematic.
		Africa is a dry continent with about two-thirds of the land area being arid or semi-arid.
		Animal production in Southern Africa: Present practice and opportunities for peasant farmers in Arid Lands.
	www.nrel.colostate.edu /projects/imas/prods/misc/prop1996.html (3334 words)

	Arid Inland Ecosystem
		Arid and semi-arid regions appear sparsely populated, but they're home to a variety of native animals that have evolved to survive the harsh conditions.
		Mulga needs rain in summer, winter, and the following summer: a sequence that, in arid areas, occurs only about once every ten years.
		Kangaroos, for example, reduce water loss by feeding at night and resting in the shade during the hottest part of the day.
	www.gullivermedia.com.au /arid.html (619 words)

	Search: Arid - Info.co.uk
		With a mission to help developing countries in the semi-arid tropics increase farm productivity and food security, reduce poverty, and protect the...
		Arid Lands, one of the world's largest growers and sellers of succulent plants specializing in very rare species.
		Arid grew naturally out of the flowing highly flourished style of calligraphy that St. Louis lettering...
	dpxml.infospace.com /infocom.uk/results?otmpl=dog/webresults.htm&qkw=Arid&CMP=KNC-3LS480536328&infoad=1 (344 words)

	Arid Forest Research Institute, Jodhpur
		The primary objectives of the Institute is to conduct research on greening the arid and semi-arid araes of the country and within the region on eco-restoration of the sand dunes,Rann of Kanchcha and Aravalli hills,development of agri-silvi-pastoral packages for the arid tracts, and research on natural regeneration in the national forests.
		Moisture is the single most important limiting factor in arid areas for the establishment of trees and their growth.
		Located in the heart of Thar desert at Jodhpur, Arid Forest Research Institute was created in the year 1988 to conduct forestry research primarily towards controlling desertification and improving land productivity of arid lands.
	www.envfor.nic.in /icfre/afri/afri.html (417 words)

	Farming in Arid and Semiarid Lands
		Farming in Arid and Semiarid Lands SEARCH STRATEGY s (arid()climate or arid()lands or arid()regions or arid()zones or deserts or arid()soils or semiarid()climate or semiarid()lands or semiarid()regions or semiarid()lands)/de,ti s farming/de,ti s s1 and s2 Farming in Arid and Semiarid Lands 1 NAL Call.
		No.: S631.C63 1983 Co-ordinator's Report on the 1st Session: Yield potentials in arid and semi-arid areas.
		No.: QK938.D4P7 Runoff farming: potentials for arid lands [Principles and criteria for estimation of natural-meliorative environment of arid zone for areas of irrigation farming (exemplified by Uzbekistan deserts)].
	www.nal.usda.gov /afsic/AFSIC_pubs/qb94-54.htm (15664 words)

	Zinke.html
		Desert soil inorganic carbon storage (in calcrete) has also been discussed as a factor tending to 'damp down' the change between glacial and interglacial carbon storage, because semi-arid soils are relatively rich in carbonates (Schlesinger 1992).
		The paradoxically high soil carbon storage found for temperate desert soils has major implications for calculating carbon storage on the broader Quaternary time scale, because under the cooler and drier conditions of the last Glacial, cool deserts and semi-deserts were one of the world's most widespread ecosystems.
		In addition, inorganic carbon in desert soils should not be seen as an analogue of organic carbon in terms of its effects on atmospheric CO2 levels.
	www.esd.ornl.gov /projects/qen/Zinke.html (1368 words)

	Desert Ecology Chapter 1
		The Sonoran Desert of Baja California, the Atacoma Desert of South America, and the Namib Desert of Africa all reach to the sea yet they are some of the most arid regions on Earth.
		Overview of the Desert Defines and describes the causes of the deserts.
		North American Deserts Another summary of the North American Deserts with links to more details about the individual deserts and the common plants and animals.
	www.western.edu /faculty/jsowell/desertecology/ch1.html (385 words)

	ARMENIAN HIGHLAND
		Arid, shrub and grass steppes are the lowest zone in the north-east, while a semi-desert zone with desert areas is typical of the south.
		The vegetation of the deserts is extremely xerophilous, with a predomination of species developing in saline soils (Russian thistle, glasswort, sarsazan, etc.).
		New sections of desert soils are increasingly being reclaimed for agriculture.
	www.armenianhighland.com /features/chronicle051.html (2646 words)

	Terrestrial Ecoregions -- Alashan Plateau semi-desert (PA1302)
		You'll find fascinating arid communities in this ecoregion: shifting sand dunes where no vegetation can grow, shrub-dotted desert where the sands are more stable, and shrubby semi-desert that develops after other plants have stabilized the sand and soil has developed.
		Increased rainfall in the mountains can turn the desert green for short periods of time, and mountain snowmelt does feed a number of wet oases, especially in the south.
		If you were to walk from the Tibetan Plateau northward toward Mongolia's Gobi Desert, you'd cross a broad stretch of dry land surrounded by mountains known as the Alashan Plateau.
	www.nationalgeographic.com /wildworld/profiles/terrestrial/pa/pa1302.html (388 words)

	Areas -- Arid Lands and Other Biologically Non-Productive Lands
		Arid lands are sometimes grazed though productivities are extremely low, and livestock grazing is not economically viable.
		In the tropics, deserts occupy 16% of the land ((se75S1), Ref. 16) (la).
		China's deserts are widely distributed throughout the northern districts.
	home.alltel.net /bsundquist1/la6.html (1116 words)

	Watson, I.W. et al. (1997) Continuous and episodic components of demographic change in two Eremophilia species from arid Western Australia, Journal of Ecology, 85, 833 - 846, archive material
		Trumble, H.C. and Woodroffe, K. (1954) The influence of climatic factors on the reaction of desert shrubs to grazing by sheep.
		Norton, B.E. (1978) The impact of sheep grazing on long-term successional trends in salt desert shrub vegetation of southwestern Utah.
		Jordan, P.W. and Nobel, P.S. (1979) Infrequent establishment of seedlings of Agave deserti (Agavaceae) in the northwestern Sonoran Desert.
	www.blackwellpublishing.com /products/journals/suppmat/jec/arc06t6.htm (1840 words)

	Arid-zone agriculture
		ICS A French company offering advice for farmers growing agricultural and horticultural crops in arid and semi-arid areas.
		Australian Arid Lands Botanic Garden Research, education, and display of plant biodiversity from the southern arid zone of Australia.
		The Introduction of New Crops to Arid and Saline Zones Describes potential new crops, and lost crops, for arid and saline areas, exchanged and field tested by two agricultural environmental schools in Israel and Morocco.
	www.serebella.com /encyclopedia/article-Arid-zone_agriculture.html (447 words)

	III. WORKING PAPERS
		The agricultural potentials of sandy soils in the arid environment of the Near East region are hampered by their low water-holding capacity, weak structure and low organic matter content, low inherent fertility and micro-biologic activity and their association with salic, calcic or gypsic or duric physico-chemical conditions.
		The low water holding capacity organic matter content, biologic activity and fertility of sandy soils and their association with salic, calcic and gypsic or duric physico-chemioal conditions hamper their productivity.
		Salorthids: orthids with a salic horizon within 75 cm of the soil surface.
	www.fao.org /docrep/x5869e/x5869e04.htm (447 words)

	sage - definition by dict.die.net
		Sage hare, or Sage rabbit (Zo["o]l.), a species of hare (Lepus Nuttalli, or artemisia) which inhabits the arid regions of Western North America and lives among sagebrush.
		Sage cheese, cheese flavored with sage, and colored green by the juice of leaves of spinach and other plants which are added to the milk.
		Sage cock (Zo["o]l.), the male of the sage grouse; in a more general sense, the specific name of the sage grouse.
	dict.die.net /sage (399 words)

	Game Reserves & Lodges of Northern Cape South Africa
		The Northern Cape is a vast stretch of semi-desert land.
		The Augrabies Falls National Park is an arid piece of lunar landscape-like land offering the visitor over 15 000 ha of unique riverine ecosystems to explore and various animals and indigenous trees can be seen.
		Botswana, Augrabies Falls National Park and Vaalbos National Park situated in the east near Kimberley.
	www.actstravel.com /northern_cape/richtersveld_national_park.html (181 words)

	ACP Données par pays
		The influence of continental rifting on the hydrogeology of the Bahi drainage basin, Dodoma Province, central Tanzania; Proceedings of the Sahel forum on The state-of-the-art of hydrology and hydrogeology in the arid and semi-arid areas of Africa
		Evaluation of the groundwater recharge process in a semiarid region of Tanzania, using delta D and delta (super 18) O; Proceedings of an international symposium on Application of tracers in arid zone hydrology
		The mechanism of concentrated ground-water recharge in a tropical semi-arid region; Symposium on Water cycle in arid and semi-arid regions
	mines.acp.int /html/TZ_biblio_fr.html (181 words)

	TUAREG
		Desertification is defined by the UN as “the degradation of land in arid, semi-arid, and dry sub-humid areas.” The cause of the desertification of the semi-arid land in Mali and Niger is a contentious issue.
		The Tuareg in Mali and Niger live mainly in the Sahel, the semi-arid land on the southern border of the Sahara desert.
		The Tuareg are a mainly nomadic people who live in the semi-arid Sahel and arid Sahara in an area that overlaps with the modern nations of Mali, Niger, Nigeria, Burkina Faso, Algeria and Libya.
	www.american.edu /ted/ice/tuareg.htm (3330 words)

	ACP Données par pays
		The influence of continental rifting on the hydrogeology of the Bahi drainage basin, Dodoma Province, central Tanzania; Proceedings of the Sahel forum on The state-of-the-art of hydrology and hydrogeology in the arid and semi-arid areas of Africa
		Evaluation of the groundwater recharge process in a semiarid region of Tanzania, using delta D and delta (super 18) O; Proceedings of an international symposium on Application of tracers in arid zone hydrology
		The mechanism of concentrated ground-water recharge in a tropical semi-arid region; Symposium on Water cycle in arid and semi-arid regions
	mines.acp.int /html/TZ_biblio_fr.html (3330 words)

	Dual Nesting of Sarus Cranes Grus antigone in semi-arid landscapes ....
		The benefit of such an adaptation on the survival strategy of Sarus is examined in the context of the required parental investment in chick rearing twice a year and an unpredictable availability of water in the natural and man-induced wetland scenario in the semi-arid landscape.
		Breeding biology of the Sarus Crane (Grus antigone) was studied in the semi-arid landscape of Kota and Bharatpur districts of Rajasthan from February 2000-May 2002.
		This dual nesting pattern and its implication for Sarus population in the semi-arid tract was studied and analyzed in detail over two and half consecutive breeding season and are discussed in this presentation.
	www.wii.gov.in /ars/2002/jatinder.html (308 words)

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In the News (Thu 31 Dec 09)