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Topic: Semiconductor physics

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	Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge » Semiconductor Physics Group
		The particular speciality of the group is the use of new types of semiconductor nanostructure in which a small number of electrons, down to the single-electron limit, can be isolated and their effective dimensionality varied.
		Semiconductor Physics Group of the Institute of Physics.
		General C R Barber travel bursaries from the Institute of Physics for members under the age of 30.
	www.sp.phy.cam.ac.uk /SPWeb/index.php (357 words)

	FUNDAMENTALS OF SEMICONDUCTOR PHYSICS AND DEVICES
		The mathematical arguments and physical interpretations are well balanced: they are presented in a measure designed to ensure the integrity of the delivery of the subject matter in a fully comprehensible form.
		The electron states of shallow and deep centers, of clean semiconductor surfaces, quantum wells and superlattices, as well as the effects of external electric and magnetic fields, are treated in Chapter 3.
		The physics of semiconductor junctions (pn-, hetero-, metal-, and insulator-) is developed in Chapter 6 under conditions of thermodynamic equilibrium, and in Chapter 7 under non-equilibrium conditions.
	www.worldscibooks.com /physics/2866.html (813 words)

	Semiconductor device - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Semiconductor devices are electronic components that exploit the electronic properties of semiconductor materials, principally silicon, germanium, and gallium arsenide.
		Semiconductor devices are manufactured both as single discrete devices and as integrated circuits (ICs), which consist of a number—from a few to millions—of devices manufactured and interconnected on a single semiconductor substrate.
		The semiconductor material used in devices is doped under highly controlled conditions in a fabrication facility, or fab, to precisely control the location and concentration of p- and n-type dopants.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Semiconductor_device (2866 words)

	BritneySpears.ac: Britney's Guide to Semiconductor Basics
		Elemental semiconductors are semiconductors where each atom is of the same type such as Ge, Si.
		An extrinsic semiconductor consists can be formed from an intrinsic semiconductor by added impurity atoms to the crystal in a process known as doping.
		In this regime, the doping of the semiconductor determine whether the semiconductor is n-type or p-type.
	britneyspears.ac /physics/basics/basics.htm (2007 words)

	Semiconductors
		Shockley, Bardeen and Brattain, the men behind the transistor, were awarded the 1956 Nobel Prize in Physics.
		With the invention of the transistor, the extraordinary usefulness of semiconductors was recognized.
		Semiconductors is presented with the support of Cisco Systems, Internet infrastructure partner.
	nobelprize.org /educational_games/physics/semiconductors (66 words)

	Semiconductor physics: Electrons in artificial atoms
		The importance of semiconductors, large or small, lies primarily in the great change in their properties when the number of active electrons in the material is altered.
		In a semiconductor quantum dot this sensitivity becomes extreme as the electrons are confined in all three dimensions.
		Optical excitation of a semiconductor leads to the creation of a quasiparticle known as an exciton —; a negatively charged electron bound together with a positively charged 'hole'.
	www.physics.ohio-state.edu /~wilkins/writing/Assign/topics/artifical-atoms/art-atoms.html (1038 words)

	Semiconductor Device Physics: Course 2. Junction Diodes & Bipolar Transistors (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Semiconductor Device Physics course series is intended to provide the basic knowledge of device physics required for semiconductor engineers.
		This series should also be useful to semiconductor engineers (process engineers and integration engineers, circuit and system designers, manufacturing specialists) who seek a proper grounding on semiconductor device physics.
		The required background is mostly college freshman physics and mathematics (with some exposure to differential equations and circuit concepts).
	www.electronics.ca /training/device_technology/co627.html (422 words)

	Semiconductor Physics Group - Home Page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Semiconductor physics is recognised as one of the major areas of condensed matter science and forms the core of modern solid state device technology.
		Many of these meetings are concerned with the preparation of complex multilayer semiconductor structures by techniques such as molecular beam epitaxy and metal organic chemical vapour deposition and in the development and application of scientific methods to probe the physics of these structures.
		Important questions arise in our understanding of the physics of solids when electrons are confined in very narrow potential wells and when carrier movement is restricted to one and two dimensions.
	groups.iop.org /SP (562 words)

	Physics Today September 2000
		The first part of Holger Grahn's Introduction to Semiconductor Physics is based on a course of that name Grahn gave in the department of Physical Electronics at Tokyo Institute of Technology during the 19951996 academic year.
		Its introduction describes what a semiconductor is and presents a classification scheme; Chapters 2 and 3 treat the subjects of crystal structure, reciprocal lattice, and electrons in a periodic potential.
		However, the title of this book--Introduction to Semiconductor Physics--may be somewhat misleading; perhaps it should have been entitled "Selected Topics in Semiconductor Physics." Topics such as alloying, strain, doping effects, and heterojunctions are not discussed.
	www.physicstoday.org /vol-53/iss-9/p66.html (608 words)

	PHYS 313 - Semiconductor Physics and Devices
		Semiconductors exhibit relatively high resistance in a pure state and much lower resistance when they contain small amounts of certain impurities.
		A diode is a two-terminal semiconductor device that exhibits a non-linear current-voltage characteristic.
		There are two kinds of semiconductor diodes: a P-N junction diode, which forms an electrical barrier at the interface between N- and P-type semiconductor layers, and a Schottky diode, whose barrier is formed between metal and semiconductor regions.
	home.ku.edu.tr /~aserpenguzel/phys313.html (1470 words)

	PhD Projects » Semiconductor Physics Group
		When a III-V semiconductor single crystal, such as InAs, is grown on top of another of a different lattice constant, such as GaAs, it is found that past a critical thickness, in this case 1.6 monolayers, the InAs layer forms quantum dots of diameter 25 nm and height 8 nm.
		This project investigates the physics of tunnelling process in the conduction band of Si where intervalley tunnelling and scattering will be studied with the aim of understanding the underlying physics to improve resonant tunnelling diode performance.
		By fabricating a sub-micron semiconductor device at the corner of a chip and scanning this 10nm above a second sample, we have been able to measure voltages with a resolution of 1mV and 300nm.
	www.sp.phy.cam.ac.uk /SPWeb/research/PhDprojects/index.html (2828 words)

	Question about semiconductor physics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The characteristic property of a conductor is the presence of non-localised electrons, that is, electrons that are free to move within the lattice.
		The difference between semiconductors and conductors is that semiconductors have a conduction band that is populated due to thermal excitation.
		This is where you need to know a bit of solid state physics, and a LOT of quantum mechanics.
	www.physicsforums.com /showthread.php?t=43996 (2154 words)

	Physics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Physics laboratory at level of Physics II; exercises in optics, electricity and magnetism, and radioactivity.
		A continuation of Physics I-C; topics covered are similar to those covered in Physics II but are treated in more depth through the use of the calculus.
		Development of concepts and principles of physics with a strong emphasis as to their use and application in medical and other biophysical areas.
	www.iup.edu /registrar/catalog/course/phys.shtm (1606 words)

	First year course information
		Introductory pages on basic semiconductor properties (crystal structure, doping etc) is quite good and may get students interested; much of the content is too advanced though.
		Physics for Computer Science Students With Emphasis on Atomic and Semiconductor Physics, Narciso Garcia and Arthur Damask, Springer-Verlag, ISBN 0-387-97656-6.
		This is a 1st/2nd Year undergraduate text but has information on semiconductors at a level useful to teachers on the HSC Stage 6.
	www.phys.unsw.edu.au /hsc/hsc/weblinks.html (454 words)

	Lu Jeu Sham (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Recent development in magnetic semiconductor materials leads to excitement in the possibility of including the spin degrees of freedom in electronic devices and hence to the interest in the spin transport in semiconductor nanostructures.
		As research on spin injection is being intensely pursued, we are exploring the alternate avenue of spin polarization generation by reflection in semiconductor on ferromagnets.
		An ordinary semiconductor has an insulating ground state by virtue of the influence of the lattice potential on the electronic band structure.
	physics.ucsd.edu /~ljssst/ljs.html (1408 words)

	Semiconductor OneSource: Semiconductor Hall Of Fame
		BARDEEN, John, 1908 (Madison, Wisconsin, USA)- 1991; Contribution to the understanding of electrical conductivity in semiconductors and metals and co-invention of the transistor; The Nobel Prize in Physics 1956 (transistor) and 1972 (superconductors).
		BRATTAIN, Walter, H., 1902 (Amoy, China) — 1987; Discovery of the photo-effect in semiconductors and co-invention of the transistor; The Nobel Prize in Physics 1956.
		EINSTEIN, Albert, 1879 (Ulm, Germany)- 1955; Groundbreaking contributions to theoretical physics, discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect; The Nobel Prize in Physics 1921.
	www.semiconductorhof.org /shof (989 words)

	Semiconductor Physics - SFU
		Elemental and compound semiconductors have been and continue to be the materials of greatest importance in modern high technology industry.
		The development of methods to determine the properties of electrically active impurities in such materials is an important aspect of semiconductor science and one which has been a focus of work at SFU.
		Professor Watkins joined the department in January 1992 to establish a research program in advanced semiconductor growth studies using metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) and atomic layer epitaxy (ALE).
	www.sfu.ca /physics/research/exp/semiconduct/index.html (347 words)

	Physics Today December 2000
		He realized that a spatially varying energy gap, and the resulting variations in the semiconductor's conduction and valence bands, creates quasi-electric fields that act differently on electrons in the conduction band and holes in the valence band.
		And in 1970, continuous-wave (CW) room-temperature semiconductor lasers were at last reported, in GaAs-GaAlAs DHS devices, by Alferov in the Soviet Union and, one month later, by Izuo Hayashi and Morton Panish at Bell Labs in the US.
		A native of Weimar, Germany, Kroemer got his start in semiconductor physics at age 24 with a PhD dissertation on the then-new transistor from the University of Göttingen in Germany in 1952.
	www.physicstoday.org /pt/vol-53/iss-12/p17.html (2173 words)

	Amazon.ca: Physics of Semiconductor Devices, 2nd Edition: Books: Simon M. Sze (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The physics of semiconductor devices is naturally dependent on the physics of semiconductors themselves. Read the first page
		The Physics of Semiconductor Devices is a classic in the field, containing all the necessary knowledge as of 1981.
		The book is lacking in its treatment of semiconductor heterostructures, which are key to modern devices but were not nearly as central two decades ago.
	www.amazon.ca /Physics-Semiconductor-Devices-2nd-Simon/dp/0471056618 (813 words)

	Postgraduate @ Department of Physics :: Projects (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		We are pursuing several projects to control and improve the optical frequency spectral content of the light output from semiconductor laser diodes and to study their rich dynamics when subject to optical feedback.
		Piezoelectric coefficients of compound semiconductors, including the nitrides of aluminium and gallium are being measured, using an interferometric technique.
		This system allows the growth of nitride based semiconductors at low temperatures (the nitrides are an important group of materials for optoelectronic applications in the blue and ultraviolet parts of the spectrum).
	www.physics.mq.edu.au /postgrad/projects.htm (1348 words)

	DEPARTMENT OF SEMICONDUCTOR PHYSICS
		Research directions of the Department of Semiconductor Physics are related with Institute of Materials Science and Applied Research and cover semiconductor crystal, quantum and layered structure physics and technology.
		In collaboration the investigation of electric and optical properties of different semiconductors and analyse of composition of different materials as well as development of material testing and growth methods have been performed.
		Investigation of Semiconductor Crystal and Structures Optical and Chemical Properties and control methods development.(Joint project with Institute of Materials Science and Applied Research).
	www.mtmi.vu.lt /pfk-ang.html (513 words)

	Colby College Physics Department
		The Department of Physics and Astronomy seeks to train student to think analytically in terms of the fundamental principles of physics.
		We seek to provide meaningful and welcoming courses to a diverse group of students who are majors in physics and astronomy, majors in other sciences, and majors from outside the sciences.
		Special emphasis is placed upon independent work and cooperative research with the faculty in atomic and molecular physics, condensed matter physics, theoretical physics, and infrared astronomy.
	www.colby.edu /physics (263 words)

	CUOS: Ultrafast Science & Semiconductor Physics
		Transport and relaxation processes in self-organized quantum dots (which are being used for novel semiconductor lasers and infrared detectors) are under active study using femtosecond spectroscopy; we have made the first observation of the phonon bottleneck in quantum dot relaxation, and recently have performed a comprehensive study of the gain dynamics in inverted quantum dots.
		We are also investigating the dynamics of quantum well excitons in semiconductor microcavities, including the use of coherent control of exciton populations as a way to generate new quantum optical states in semiconductors, and as a potential mechanism for high-speed optical switching.
		Our research in semiconductor device physics is carried out in collaboration with the Solid State Electronics Lab here at Michigan, as well as with other groups fabricating state-of-the-art devices around the world.
	www.eecs.umich.edu /CUOS/UFS/index.html (510 words)

	Semiconductors
		A semiconductor fabrication technology using a combination of n- and p-doped semiconductor material to achieve low power dissipation.
		A manufacturing process for semiconductor devices that combines bipolar and CMOS to give the best balance between available output current and power consumption.
		This is the simplest kind of semiconductor device, it has two terminals and a single PN junction.
	hypertextbook.com /physics/modern/semiconductors (453 words)

	Books Springer - Physics of Semiconductor Devices (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Physics of Semiconductor Devices covers both basic classic topics such as energy band theory and the gradual-channel model of the MOSFET as well as advanced concepts and devices such as MOSFET short-channel effects, low-dimensional devices and single-electron transistors.
		Concepts are introduced to the reader in a simple way, often using comparisons to everyday-life experiences such as simple fluid mechanics.
		Physics of Semiconductor Devices contains a list of problems that can be used as homework assignments or can be solved in class to exemplify the theory.
	www.azom.com /sale.asp?saleID=369 (145 words)

	CO673: Semiconductor Device Physics: Courselet 1. Physics of Semiconductors
		This courselet is the first of a 4-courselet series on Semiconductor Device Physics covering various topics including physics of semiconductors, Schottky diodes, ohmic contacts, PN junction diodes, MOS capacitors, MOS transistors, and bipolar transistors.
		This condensed courselet (Courselet 1) focuses on basic physics of semiconductors including physics of semiconductors in equilibrium, movement of free carriers in semiconductors, and physics of semiconductors under non-equilibrium conditions.
		This courselet provides the necessary background knowledge for learning the physics and principles of operation of various semiconductor devices including Schottky diodes, PN junction diodes, MOS capacitors and transistors, and bipolar junction transistors in the subsequent courselets.
	www.semizone.com /webcast/product-access?product_id=673 (227 words)

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