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Topic: Semipelagianism

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	Semipelagianism
		The name Semipelagianism was unknown both in Christian antiquity and throughout the Middle Ages; during these periods it was customary to designate the views of the Massilians simply as the "relics of the Pelagians" (reliquiœ Pelagianorum), an expression found already in St. Augustine (Ep.
		A.D. In opposition to Pelagianism, it was maintained at the General Council of Carthage in 418 as a principle of faith that Christian grace is absolutely necessary for the correct knowledge and performance of good, and that perfect sinlessness is impossible on earth even for the justified.
		Prosper, rightly known as his "best disciple", alone engaged in writing, and, immersed as he was in the rich and almost inexhaustible mind of the greatest of all the Doctors of the Church, he subsequently devoted the utmost pains to soften down with noble tact the roughness and abruptness of many of his master's propositions.
	www.catholicity.com /encyclopedia/s/semipelagianism.html (3931 words)

	St. John Cassian of Rome, Feast 29 (or 28) February (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The Semipelagian views ascribed to Cassian are found in his Conferences, in book 3, the Conference of Abbot Paphnutius; book 5, the Conference of Abbot Serapion; and most especially in book 13, the Third Conference of Abbot Chaeremon.
		A large part consists of proofs, drawn from the Scriptures, of Our Lord's Divinity, and in support of the title of Mary to be regarded as the Mother of God; the author denounces Pelagianism as the source of the new heresy, which he regards as incompatible with the doctrine of the Trinity.
		Semipelagianism was finally condemned by the Council of Orange in 529.
	www.reu.org /public/saints/CASSIAN.HTM (2431 words)

	Page 349 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Semipelagian it was, for, in common with Pelagius, its thought was anti Augustinian not only on points of Augustine never approved by the Church, but also on theses whose negation was later expressly condemned.
		From the point of view of the Church the material concept of Semipelagianism should be defined only by the standard of the later official doctrine, not by Augus tinianism as such.
		Here all the unbaptized, even the dying infants of Chris tians, remain subject to the uncertainty of predes tination; merely the fact of their being non-elect is the reason why grace has never sought their rescue.
	www.ccel.org /s/schaff/encyc/encyc10/htm-old/0367=349.htm (832 words)

	A Comparison of Systems, by A.A. Hodge
		As a general fact it may be stated, that, as a result of the great influence of Origen, the Fathers of the Greek Church pretty unanimously settled down upon a loose Semipelagianism, denying the guilt of original sin, and maintaining the ability of the sinner to predispose himself for, and to cooperate with divine grace.
		And Semipelagian views as to sin and grace are also irresistibly attracted by, and in turn attract Arminian views as to the divine attributes, the nature of the Atonement, and the work of the Spirit.
		The controversies then revived were perpetuated for many ages, the Dominicans and the Thomists in general advocating unconditional election and efficacious grace, and the Franciscans and the Scotists in general advocating conditional election and the inalienable power of the human will to cooperate with or to resist divine grace.
	homepage.mac.com /shanerosenthal/reformationink/aahsystems.htm (5557 words)

	A Comparison of Systems Presented here is a brief sketch of the main contrasting positions of the three rival systems ...
		A Comparison of Systems Presented here is a brief sketch of the main contrasting positions of the three rival systems of Pelagianism, Semipelagianism, and Augustinianism, or as they are denominated in their more completely developed forms, Socinianism, Arminianism, and Calvinism--together with an outline of the history of their rise and dissemination.
		In this chapter will be presented a brief sketch of the main contrasting positions of the three rival systems of Pelagianism, Semipelagianism, and Augustinianism, or as they are denominated in their more completely developed forms, Socinianism, Arminianism, and Calvinism--together with an outline of the history of their rise and dissemination.
		This system, whose advocates were called Massilians from the residence of their chief, and afterward Semipelagians by the Schoolmen, is in its essential principles one with that system which is now denominated Arminianism, a statement of which will be given in a subsequent part of this chapter.
	www.believersweb.org /view.cfm?ID=1056 (5493 words)

	New Catholic Dictionary: Gaul (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Athanasius influenced the episcopate during the Arian struggle, and Hilary of Poitiers championed orthodoxy.
		Priscillianism gained headway, Pelagianism divided the Church, and Semipelagianism prevailed until the Council of Orange, 529.
		Irenreus had recognized the primacy of Rome; and in 417 Pope Zosimus made the Bishop of Arles his delegate or vicar in Gaul.
	www.catholic-forum.com /saints/ncd03489.htm (140 words)

	Saint Avitus
		He pursued with earnestness and success the extinction of the Arian heresy in the barbarian Kingdom of Burgundy (443-532), won the confidence of King Gundobad, and converted his son, King Sigismund (516-523).
		He was also a zealous opponent of Semipelagianism, and of the Acacian Schism at Constantinople.
		Like his contemporary, Ennodius of Pavia, he was strenuous in his assertion of the authority of the Apostolic See as the chief bulwark of religious unity and the incipient Christian civilization.
	traditionalcatholic.net /Tradition/Calendar/06-17.html (617 words)

	All Too Common » Blog Archive » Catholic Predestination (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The name Semipelagianism was unknown both in Christian antiquity and throughout the Middle Ages; during these periods it was customary to designate the views of the Massilians simply as the “relics of the Pelagians”; (reliquiœ Pelagianorum), an expression found already in St. Augustine[’s works].
		I cannot agree that it is a form of semipelagianism, nor that it has the same implications or room to boast.
		If you disagree with me, which you probably will, that your definition of semipelagianism is an accurate one not a new one, not evolving from fideist theology, and not used as a strong-arm tactic against non-Calvinists, then please provide us with some historical evidence to support it.
	all2common.classicalanglican.net /?p=60 (6094 words)

	Semipelagianism info here at en.120t.info (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		B2B has been Semipelagianism a false economy, the heart of irrational exuberance, a fool's gold that leads to Semipelagianism Semipelagianism and crushed dreamers.
		The chat shows to have unfashionable coined circumscribed by 1590 and 1600 in connexion with Luis Molina's doctrine of grace, in which the opponents of that theologian believed they saw a resemblance to the heresy of the monks of Marseille (cf.
		After that confusion had unfashionable exhibited as an error, the expression Semipelagianism was retained in well-educated circles as a designation for the heresy advocated by monks of Southern Gaul at and neighboring Marseille after 428.
	en.120t.info /Semipelagianism (489 words)

	john15.net ~ Classic Arminianism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Semipelagianism: An early theology which accepted original sin, but taught that a person could initiate faith in God first, and God would grant the grace for one do continue on.
		Note, Arminianism is not a formulated version Pelagianism (as some think), as we do not deny original sin; nor is Arminianism a variation of Semipelagianism, as we also hold that God must take the first steps before a person could come to faith.
		In fact, it is better to understand Arminianism not as the opposite of Calvinism, but as a critique or "reproof" of Calvinism.
	www.john15.net /arm/index.php (1094 words)

	I went to mass today. (What do contemporary Catholics believe?) - CGR Community (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		It is evident that, in every attempt to solve this difficult problem, Catholic theologians must safeguard two principles: first, the supremacy and causality of grace (against Pelagianism and Semipelagianism), and second, the unimpaired freedom of consent in the will (against early Protestantism and Jansenism).
		The first principle, 'the supremacy and causality of grace', obviously is meant to oppose that tenet of semipelagianism (and Pelagianism) that salvation is something we earn.
		This is not a 'semipelagian' stance, because it presupposes that people do not earn their salvation.
	www.christianguitar.org /forums/showthread.php?t=40821 (927 words)

	Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, page 622 (v. 1) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		138.) [L., otherwise called JOANNES MASSILIENSIS and JOANNES EREMITA, is celebrated in the history of the Christian church as the champion of Semipelagianism, as one of the first founders of monastic fraternities in Western Europe, and as the great lawgiver by whose codes such societies were long regulated.
		The date of his birth cannot be determined -with certainty, although a.
		Those who desire full information with regard to Semipelagian tenets will find them fully developed in the works enumerated at the end of this article.
	www.ancientlibrary.com /smith-bio/0631.html (756 words)

	A CHRONICLE OF CATHOLIC TRADITION (may6cct.htm)
		In 412 at the Council of Carthage Pelagianism was officially condemned and again in Diospolis in 415 and finally in 417 in a strong papal bull by Innocent I. It was written into canon law at the Council of Ephesus in 431, a year after the death of Augustine.
		The heretic Nestorius held that the Blessed Virgin Mary was not the Mother of God, as her Son was not in His Own Person, God.
		The latter heresy - Semipelagianism - proposed that man, by his own power, could merit the first grace necessary for salvation, when God decided to call Augustine home to be reunited with his saintly mother Monica.
	www.dailycatholic.org /issue/04May/may6cct.htm (1762 words)

	Template
		On the other hand Augustinianism as opposed to Semipelagianism properly designates that system commonly called Calvinism—while Cassianism would be the proper historical designation of that Middle or Semipelagian Scheme now commonly styled Arminianism.
		After the lapse of the dark ages, during which all active speculation slumbered, Thomas Aquinas, an Italian by birth, AD 1224, and a monk of the order of St. Dominic, Doctor Angelicus, advocated with consummate ability the Augustinian system of theology in that cumbrous and artificial manner which characterized the Schoolmen.
		Lewis Molina, a Spanish Jesuit, AD 1588, the inventor of the distinction denoted by the term "Scientia Media," attained to such distinction as its advocate, that its adherents in the Papal Church have been for ages styled Molinists.
	christianbeliefs.org /articles/basiccomparisonofsystems.html (5457 words)

	Saint Vincent of Lérins (Lerin) St. Vincent of Lérins (Lerin) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Eucherius of Lyons calls him a holy man, conspicuous for eloquence and knowledge; there is no reliable authority for identifying Vincent with Marius Mercator, but it is likely, if not certain, that he is the writer against whom Prosper, St. Augustine's friend, directs his "Responsiones ad capitula objectionum Vincentianarum".
		He was a Semipelagian and so opposed to the doctrine of St. Augustine.
		It is believed now that he used against Augustine his great principle: "what all men have at all times and everywhere believed must be regarded as true".
	www.reu.org /public/saints/VincL.HTM (797 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Faustus of Riez
		Bishop of Riez (Rhegium) in Southern Gaul (Provence), the best known and most distinguished defender of Semipelagianism, b.
		At the request of the bishops who composed these synods, and especially Leontius of Arles, Faustus wrote a work, "Libri duo de Gratiâ Dei et humanae mentis libero arbitrio", in which he refuted not only the doctrines of the Predestinarians but also those of Pelagius (P.L., LVIII, 783).
		The work was marred, however, by its decided Semipelagianism, for several years was bitterly attacked, and was condemned by the Synod of Orange in 529 (Denzinger, Enchiridion, Freiburg, 1908, no. 174 sqq.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/06019b.htm (609 words)

	Michael Scanlon, OSA
		Yes, Augustine had provided another description of grace as gratia cooperans ("what God does in us with us"), but it was his teaching on gratia operans that had received doctrinal status.
		So some of these monks modified this doctrine to find some place for what we do for our salvation, and they came up with the heresy we now call "Semipelagianism," a heresy attacked vigorously by some Augustinian theologians who had it condemned by the Council of Orange in 529, again with papal approval.
		The lesson taught by Orange is clear - divine efficacy and human efficacy are never to be placed on the same level; divine primary causality is always the ground of creaturely secondary causality.
	www.villanova.edu /mission/experience/scanlon.htm (1690 words)

	Vincent of Lerins - Nicene & Post-Nicene, Series 2 - Writing of the Early Church Fathers on SearchGodsWord.org
		Be this however as it may, when it is considered that the monks of Lerins, in common with the general body of the churchmen of Southern Gaul, were strenuous upholders of Semipelagianism, it will not be thought surprising that Vincentius should have been suspected of at least a leaning in that direction.
		Now St. Honorat, so called from St. Honoratus, the founder of the monastery.The monastery seems at first to have consisted of an aggregation of separate cells, each of which, according to the usage of that time, would be called a "monasterium." "Tota ubique insula, exstructis cellulis, unum velut monasterium evasit."-Cardinal Noris, Histor.
		The adjoining islet of St. Marguérite, one of the Lérins group, has acquired notoriety of late, from having been the place to which Marshal Bazaine,the betrayer of Metz, was banished in 1873.
	www.searchgodsword.org /his/ad/ecf/pos/vincentoflerins/view.cgi?file=npnf2-11-27.htm (2006 words)

	john15.net ~ Total Depravity (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		As I said before, the doctrine of Total Depravity is probably the one major point Arminians and Calvinists both agree on the most.
		It is clear that Total Depravity is Biblical; so clear, that I am sure some of you are smacking yourselves in the forehead in awe that you didn't realize it before (I did, as I shifted from Semipelagianism to a less formulated variation of Arminianism, early in my theological journey).
		The question is, which becomes the focus of the next two topics, how does God bring people out of that state, and who does He choose to bring.
	www.john15.net /arm/td.php (1004 words)

	Louis XIV, Religion and dissension
		Cornelius Otto Jansen (1585-1638) was educated at the University of Louvain - the local epicentre of bitter arguments over predestination and free will (ended in 1597 by order of Pope Clement VIII).
		Jansen was deeply influenced by Jacques Janson (a follower of Baius) who attacked a Jesuit priest, Leonardo Lessius, for Semipelagianism.
		Jansen too became a lifelong enemy of the Society of Jesus.
	history.wisc.edu /sommerville/351/351-132.htm (1799 words)

	Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, Ser. II, Vol. XI: The Commonitory of Vincent of Lérins, For the Antiquity and ...
		For not only does he omit the name of St. Augustine, who was especially obnoxious to them, when making honorable mention at any time of the champions of the faith, but he denounces his doctrine, though under a misrepresentation of it, as one of the forms of that novel error which he reprobates.
		Among its more prominent members, contemporary with Vincentius, were Honoratus and Hilary, afterwards successively bishops of Arles, and Faustus, afterwards bishop of Riez, all of them in sympathy with the neighbouring clergy of Marseilles, opposed to St. Augustine’s later teaching, and holding what was afterwards called Semipelagian doctrine.
		Marguérite, one of the Lérins group, has acquired notoriety of late, from having been the place to which Marshal Bazaine, the betrayer of Metz, was banished in 1873.
	www.sacred-texts.com /chr/ecf/211/2110242.htm (1518 words)

	PrintFriendly (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The question which both schools set themselves to answer is this: Whence does efficacious grace (gratia efficax), which includes in its very concept the actual free consent of the will, derive its infallible effect; and how is it that, in spite of the infallible efficacy of grace, the freedom of the will is not impaired?
		For such a causal predetermination coming from a will other than our own, is a denial of self-determination on the part of our own will and destroys its freedom.
		At least Cardinal Bellarmine attacks some who propagated such one-sided Molinistic views, and who cannot have been mere imaginary adversaries; against them he skillfully strengthened the tenets of Congruism by numerous quotations from St. Augustine.
	www.faithdefenders.com /FaithDefenders/Tools/PrintFriendly.aspx?{8948C1E2-F9B8-4C44-8AC5-39535C0F9E07} (4253 words)

	OUR FEATURED MEMBER ARTICLE: The other "H" word, Heresy by Justin Moser aka Sheepdog - TheologyWeb Campus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		But what is interesting is that towards the end of Augustine's life, he also contended with a view we often call Semipelagianism.
		What I found significant about this is that Augustine seems to have viewed these Semipelagians as believers who are mistaken, but in a way that didn't warrent condemnation as heresy.
		In other words, though they may be in error, they did not err (at least in Augustine's view) in any tenet that is critical to Biblical Christianity.
	www.theologyweb.com /campus/showthread.php?p=1297584#post1297584 (3607 words)

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