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| | Ancient Egyptian military fortifications |
 | | The eastern wall, built on top of a rocky slope, was only 15 metres high, while in the other directions the walls reached heights of about 25 metres with ramparts 9 metres thick at ground level jutting out from the main wall. |
 | | All these precautions were to no avail: a breach in the southern wall between the two ramparts closest to the river indicates that the fortification was conquered. |
 | | Buhen was the main garrison town among these fortresses protecting the Nubian frontier, a few tens of kilometres north of Semna and Kumma, and a string of further forts (Mirgissa just south of the 2nd cataract, Dabenarti, Askut, Shalfak, Uronarti) in between. |
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