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Topic: Senate of Poland

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	Encyclopedia: Senate of Poland
		The Senate (Senat) is the upper house of the Polish parliament.
		Until 1919, the Senate of Finland was the executive branch and supreme court.
		In the Nobles' Democracy, the Senate was the upper chamber of the Sejm, and consisted of members of the royal cabinet and the royal court, together with voivods, prefects and castellans (all appointed by the king), and Catholic bishops (see Senatorial offices for details).
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Senate-of-Poland (312 words)

	Poland - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Republic of Poland (Polish: Rzeczpospolita Polska) is a country located in Central Europe, between Germany to the west, the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south, Ukraine and Belarus to the east, and the Baltic Sea, Lithuania, and Russia (in the form of the Kaliningrad Oblast exclave) to the north.
		Poland's first historically documented ruler, Mieszko I, was baptized in 966, adopting Catholic Christianity as the country's new official religion, to which the bulk of the population converted in the course of the next century.
		Poland has a large agricultural sector of private farms, that could be a leading producer of food in the European Union now that Poland is a member.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Poland (3576 words)

	Senate - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		For the same reason, the word senate is correctly used when referring to any powerful authority characteristically composed by the eldest members of a community, as a deliberative body of a faculty in an institution of higher learning is often called a senate.
		An example of this is the United States Senate where the number of seats is fixed at two per state, regardless of population or size.
		However, in the Free State of Bavaria, the Senate was the upper house of parliament until its abolition in 1999.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Senate (652 words)

	Senate of Poland - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In the First Republic, the Senate was the upper chamber of the Diet, and consisted of members of the royal cabinet and the royal court, voivods, prefects and castellans (all appointed by the king), as well as Catholic bishops.
		The Senate may reject or amend the bills passed by the Diet but the Senate's decisions may be still turned down by an absolute majority vote in the Diet.
		A joint session of the Senate and the Diet is known as National Assembly.
	www.encyclopedia-online.info /Senate_of_Poland (211 words)

	Senate of Poland - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Senate may reject or amend the bills passed by the Sejm but any rejection or amendment may still be overruled by an absolute majority vote in the Sejm.
		Senators are elected by a plurality bloc voting method (rare internationally), where several candidates with the highest support are elected from each electorate, and each voter selects their whole preferred set.
		Self-Defense of the Republic of Poland (Samoobrona RP)
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Senate_of_Poland (382 words)

	Rousseau: Government of Poland
		All, being independent both of the senate and of one another, had unlimited authority in their respective departments; but these offices, quite apart from the fact that they balanced one another, were not perpetuated in the same families, hence brought them no absolute power; and all power, even when usurped, always returned to its source.
		Poland is free because each reign is preceded by an interval when the nation, renewing all its rights and regaining new vigour, cuts off the progress of abuses and usurpations, when the law revives and recovers its original power.
		Poland is surrounded by warlike powers which constantly maintain large standing armies of perfectly disciplined soldiers, armies which she herself could never match without soon exhausting herself, particularly in the deplorable condition in which she will be left by the brigands who are now ravaging her.
	www.constitution.org /jjr/poland.htm (18216 words)

	Europe/Eurasia - USAID Mission to Poland
		Poland’s banking supervision inspectorate and securities and exchange supervisory authorities have been beneficiaries of substantial SEED assistance to date (e.g., design and remedial actions applied by the inspectorate to assess and address the Y2K preparedness of Poland's banks).
		Poland's impressive economic performance reflects the strength of policy reforms, and all important macroeconomic indicators show that a solid base exists for continued growth and development.
		Poland is now a member of NATO and it is one of a select group of countries that have been chosen to begin negotiations for EU membership.
	www.usaid.gov /locations/europe_eurasia/countries/pl/1999.htm (8060 words)

	Constitution - Chapter IV
		The Senate shall be composed of 100 Senators.
		In instances specified in the Constitution, the Sejm and the Senate sitting in joint session, shall act as the National Assembly, with the Marshal of the Sejm presiding or, in his absence the Marshal of the Senate.
		A resolution of the Senate rejecting a bill, or an amendment proposed in the Senate's resolution, shall be considered accepted unless the Sejm rejects it by an absolute majority vote in the presence of at least half of the statutory number of Deputies.
	www.poland.pl /info/information_about_poland/constitution/ch4.htm (2372 words)

	LLRX -- Update to An Overview of Polish Law
		The Supreme Court is the highest central judicial organ in the Republic of Poland and thus the highest court of appeal.
		The main tasks of the Supreme Court are to administer justice in Poland, together with the common, administrative and military courts, to consider cessation as a form of extraordinary appeal and to adopt law interpreting resolutions.
		Government Plenipotentiary for the Negotiation on the Membership of Poland in the European Union the English versions of the Polish “position papers” may be downloaded (in relation to various areas of EU law).
	www.llrx.com /features/polish.htm (1828 words)

	Poland Transition
		Kwasniewski, which is Poland’s new president and calls himself a social democrat, may feel obliged to listen to more extremists in his party who want to cater to farmers, pensioners, and others who feel shoved aside by the new Poland (Miller 65).
		In 1991, Poland held the election for the two houses which were 460 seats for Sejm and 100 seats for Senate.
		Poland with its membership application to the EU is a representation of what problem the rest of the countries in Eastern Europe would be facing in the near or even far future.
	www.bu.edu /econ/faculty/kyn/newweb/economic_systems/Economics/Transit/Overview/trans_overview_poland_lg.htm (3212 words)

	Warsaw Voice - New Horizons
		The ratio 80 to 19 is not just the result of the Senate's vote, but is also the proportion of the American establishment that is aware of the role which befalls Poland in the new NATO, and in the new Europe.
		Poland's economic and military potential is on a completely different scale to that of the other countries of its region, and also to that of the rest of Europe.
		Poland's role in the alliance cannot be overrated.
	www.warsawvoice.pl /archiwum.phtml/750 (850 words)

	EUROPA - Enlargement : Candidate Country: Poland (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-19)
		The President is the supreme representative of the Republic of Poland and the guarantor of the continuity of State authority.
		Poland has a high variety of landscapes: the Baltic beaches, the Mazurian Lake District, virgin forests, the Carpathians and the Sudeten Mountains.
		Poland's 26 national parks and 8 World Heritage sites are a host of historic and cultural sites of European importance and offer numerous tourist attractions.
	europa.eu.int /comm/enlargement/poland (1049 words)

	IPEX - Interparliamentary EU Information Exchange: Poland - Senate (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-19)
		The Senate of the Republic of Poland - Senat Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej
		Senate participation issues are governed by the Act on the Council of Ministers’; Cooperation with the Sejm and Senate on Matters Associated with the Membership of the Republic of Poland in the European Union, which came into force on March 31st, 2004.
		It is responsible for issues associated with Poland’s membership in the European Union – it assumes positions on legal acts of the European Union and drafts of international agreements to which the European Union, European Communities or EU member-states will be a party, and on points of the agenda of the European Union Council.
	www.ecprd.org /ipex/poland_senate.asp (253 words)

	Poland Senate (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-19)
		The upper house of the National Assembly, the Senate, was reestablished by the Round Table Agreement more than four decades after being abolished by the communist government.
		The senators' four-year terms of office coincide with those of Sejm deputies.
		The Senate also confirms key appointments, including the commissioner for citizens' rights and the chairperson of the Supreme Control Chamber, both of whom are nominated by the Sejm.
	www.country-studies.com /poland/senate.html (206 words)

	Global Beat: NATO Enlargement Endorsement Ratification
		The Senate advises and consents to the ratification of the Protocols to the North Atlantic Treaty of 1949 on the Accession of Poland, Hungary, and the Czech Republic (as defined in section 4(6)), subject to the declarations of section 2 and the conditions of section 3.
		(A) Principles Of Treaty Interpretation.- The Senate affirms the applicability to all treaties of the constitutionally-based principles of treaty interpretation set forth in condition (1) in the resolution of ratification of the INF Treaty, approved by the Senate on May 27, 1988.
		(B) Construction Of Senate Resolution Of Ratification.- Nothing in condition (1) of the resolution of ratification of the INF Treaty, approved by the Senate on May 27, 1988, shall be construed as authorizing the President to obtain legislative approval for modifications or amendments to treaties through majority approval of both Houses of Congress.
	www.nyu.edu /globalbeat/nato/senate0398.html (2509 words)

	Poland News (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-19)
		Poland, the Czech Republic and Cyprus were yesterday seeking a way out of a showdown with 22 other European Union members over value added tax rates that could leave 200m people paying more for home...
		WARSAW: Poland's ruling conservative party on Wednesday urged the liberal opposition to agree to form a six-month government coalition, saying it was the only way to avoid early elections amid ongoi...
		WARSAW (Reuters) -- Poland's new President Lech Kaczynski may call elections if the 2006 budget is not passed by Feb. 1, his senior aide said on Tuesday, adding to a gr...
	archive.wn.com /polandnews (449 words)

	PROTOCOLS TO THE NORTH ATLANTIC TREATY OF 1949 ON ACCESSION OF POLAND, HUNGARY, AND THE CZECH REPUBLIC (Senate - March ...
		The Senate is faced with a historic opportunity--to extend NATO membership to Poland, Hungary, and the Czech Republic.
		The upcoming Senate vote is fundamentally a test of whether the United States will stay engaged in the Europe of the 21st century.
		We urge the Senate to reaffirm American engagement in Europe by ratifying the admission of Poland, Hungary, and the Czech Republic to NATO--to secure the peace, security, and prosperity on which we all depend.
	www.fas.org /man/nato/congress/1998/s980318.htm (8209 words)

	Senate Of Poland - Encyclopedia.WorldSearch (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-19)
		Luke P. Poland, of Vermont, in the United States Senate, June 5, 1866
		East European energy U.S. business opportunities in and assistance to Poland's energy sector : report to the Chairman, Committee on Energy and Natural...
		James M. Mead of New York in the Senate...
	encyclopedia.worldsearch.com /senate_of_poland.htm (95 words)

	Government & Country Information for Poland
		Embassies and Consulates for Poland - Embassies and Consulates for Poland -
		The Sejm of the Republic of Poland - The Sejm of the Republic of Poland - Chamber of the Parliament of Poland.
		The Senate of Poland - The Senate of Poland - Chamber of the Parliament.
	www.escapeartist.com /embassy35/poland4.html (348 words)

	New developments in parliamentary research services and technology - Section on Library and Research Services for ...
		In the spring of 1996, the Research Services of the Polish Senate added two new publications to its regular series of expert opinions and legislative history of bills expecting to be processed in the Senate.
		In the USA, CRS conducted the official new member orientation program and in the Polish Senate the Research office is working hard to prepare several publications and programs for the senators who will be elected this fall and for their staff.
		In the Senate of Poland a large part of the budget for contracts with outside expert consultants is used on budgetary matters.
	www.ifla.org /VII/s3/conf/2micha-e.htm (3143 words)

	Senate of Poland support Polish minority :: Charter'97 :: News :: 29/07/2005
		Senate of Poland approved with majority of voices special resolution about support to Polish minority in Belarus.
		Senate of Poland also appealed to President Aleksandr Kvasnewski and Polish government with demand to provide effective protection to Polish minority in Belarus.
		Foreign ministry: recall of ambassador of Poland shows that Poland is pursuing policy for exacerbating and suspending relations with Belarus
	www.charter97.org /eng/news/2005/07/29/senat (171 words)

	Warsaw Uprising according to U.S. Senate (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-19)
		The U.S. Senate has passed unanimously a resolution commemorating the 60th anniversary of the Warsaw Uprising.
		The resolution described the uprising as one of the most heroic battles during WW2 and stressed that the spirit of the Polish resistance is an inspiration to all peoples in their pursuit of liberty and democracy.
		The Senate recognized the 60th anniversary of the Uprising which will forever serve as a symbol of heroism in the face of great adversity and the pursuit of freedom.
	www.freerepublic.com /focus/f-news/1178736/posts (627 words)

	Poland 2004 - 15 Yrs of the Senate - Silver Proof w/Amber (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-19)
		Enhance your foreign collection with this distinctive 2004 coin from Poland, issued to commemorate the 15th Anniversary of the Senate of the Third Polish Republic.
		This 20-zloty coin is in brilliant uncirculated condition and shows the Senate chamber and Poland's herladic eagle on the obverse.
		The reverse depicts the Senate mace, or scepter, set with an amber cabochon.
	www.unicover.com /EA7YDL98.htm (269 words)

	Senator points out commonness of Poland and Kazakhstan’s positions (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-19)
		Chairman of the Senate of Parliament of Kazakhstan Nurtai Abykayev met with Marshal of the Senate of Poland Longin Pastusyak.
		“The visit of Poland colleagues is important not only for Kazakhstanis, but also for the Polish Diaspora”, underlined the Speaker of the Senate.
		The Speaker pointed the commonness of positions of Kazakhstan and Poland in many foreign political questions, particularly in the fight against terrorism, illegal migration problems and stabilization of the situation in Iraq.
	www.kazakhstan.pl /www/a2005/a050418.htm (144 words)

	Governing Party Likely to be Ousted in Poland Elections
		Poland's governing party is expected to be ousted in the country's first parliamentary elections since it joined the European Union last year.
		Two parties, the pro-business Civic Platform and the anti-corruption Law and Justice are favored to win Poland's parliamentary elections.
		The election for the 460-seat lower house of parliament, the Sejm, and the 100-seat Senate is Poland's fifth free parliamentary election since the end of communist rule in 1989.
	www.voanews.com /english/2005-09-25-voa16.cfm (558 words)

	Global Beat: Senate Resolution of Ratification on New NATO Accessions
		Washington -- The United States Senate gave its advice and consent April 30, 1998, to the Resolution of Ratification on the Protocols to the North Atlantic Treaty of 1949 on Accession of Poland, Hungary, and the Czech Republic.
		(B) POLITICAL COMMITMENTS.--The Senate endorses the political commitments made by NATO to the Russian Federation in the NATO-Russia Founding Act, which are not legally binding and do not in any way preclude any future decisions by the North Atlantic Council to preserve the security of NATO members.
		The advice and consent of the Senate to the ratification of the Protocols to the North Atlantic Treaty of 1949 on the Accession of Poland, Hungary, and the Czech Republic is subject to the following conditions, which shall be binding upon the President:
	www.nyu.edu /globalbeat/nato/senate050598.html (2480 words)

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