Separation (Air Traffic Control)

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Topic: Separation (Air Traffic Control)

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	Mode S: An Overview of Air Traffic Control
		While previously air traffic control had been done on a smaller scale, the FAA was charged to develop and maintain a broad air traffic control system that would maintain safe separation of all commercial aircraft in all stages of flight.
		Pilots in Positive Controlled Airspace were under IFR (Instrument Flight Rules) control, required to file an IFR flight plan with the air traffic control system, which then provided separation service between all aircraft.
		Air traffic control is the organization and scheduling of all air traffic.
	web.mit.edu /6.933/www/Fall2000/mode-s/atc.html (1259 words)

	Air traffic control - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Tower controllers are responsible for the separation and efficient movement of aircraft and vehicles operating on the taxiways and runways of the airport itself, and aircraft in the air near the airport, generally 2 to 5 nautical miles (4 to 9 km) depending on the airport procedures.
		In air traffic control terminology, a block of airspace of predetermined size assigned to a radar air traffic controller is called a "sector".
		When controllers are responsible for separating some or all aircraft, such airspace is called "controlled airspace" in contrast to "uncontrolled airspace." Depending on the type of flight and the class of airspace, ATC may issue instructions that pilots are required to follow, or merely advisories to assist pilots operating in the airspace.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Air_traffic_control (4088 words)

	Air Traffic Control
		Although there is no air traffic control tower on the airport, the unicom frequency of 122.8 mhz is used by aircraft in the vicinity of the airport to obtain airport information and advise other aircraft of their position and intentions.
		All aircraft operating on IFR flight plans and those VFR aircraft that have established radio communication with the Little Rock-Adams Field Approach Control will be provided with altitude separation and route guidance to their destination airport.
		The Memphis Air Route Traffic Control Center directs aircraft along jet routes.
	www.ar-net.com /sttg/sma/atc.htm (164 words)

	Mode S: An Overview of Air Traffic Control
		While previously air traffic control had been done on a smaller scale, the FAA was charged to develop and maintain a broad air traffic control system that would maintain safe separation of all commercial aircraft in all stages of flight.
		Air traffic control is the organization and scheduling of all air traffic.
		Early air traffic control units such as this one relied on radio communications and maps to keep track of planes in the air.
	web.mit.edu /6.933/www/Fall2000/mode-s/atc.html (1259 words)

	Air traffic control - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Tower controllers are responsible for the separation and efficient movement of aircraft and vehicles operating on the taxiways and runways of the airport itself, and aircraft in the air near the airport, generally 2 to 5 nautical miles (4 to 9 km) depending on the airport procedures.
		In air traffic control terminology, a block of airspace of predetermined size assigned to a radar air traffic controller is called a "sector".
		Air Traffic Control (ATC) is a service provided by ground based controllers who direct aircraft on the ground and in the air to ensure safe, orderly and efficient traffic flow.
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Air_traffic_control (3641 words)

	Air Traffic Management
		Technology integrates advanced surface movement guidance and control systems and enables pilots to manage airborne separation.
		Custom navigation, surveillance, and separation systems provide efficient operations, gate to gate, in all weather and for all aircraft types.
		ATM avionics address delays en route, in the terminal maneuver area, and on the ground.
	platformsolutions.na.baesystems.com /capabilities/airtrafficmanagement (3641 words)

	Abstracts of Systems Engineering Projects (1999)
		Abstract : The primary objective of air traffic control is to maintain safe separation between aircraft -- both vertically (in altitude) and horizontally (in latitude and longitude).
		The focus of Air Traffic Control is changing from control to management with the expectation of "Free flight" around 2010.
		The kicker is that Air Traffic Services may deny/delay the flight plans filed by state owned aircraft if they are not GATM compliant - a major operational impact.
	www.isr.umd.edu /~austin/ense621.d/project-abstract99.html (4677 words)

	Procedures for Air Navigation Services - Air Traffic Management
		It includes the basic procedures used in visual meteorological conditions for traffic control and separation between aircraft on and in the vicinity of the aerodrome.
		Although primarily intended as an introductory aid for student air traffic controllers, it will be useful to student pilots.
		Procedures for Air Navigation Services - Air Traffic Management
	www.icao.int /cgi/eshop_rul.pl?GUESTguest (4677 words)

	Statement on the Defence Estimates 1996
		The civil controllers mainly provide air traffic control on air routes and approach services at certain airports such as Heathrow and Gatwick.
		On 1 April, the bulk of the civil element of this joint service was established as a Companies Act company, National Air Traffic Services Limited (NATS), a wholly-owned subsidiary of the CAA which retains the ultimate obligation to provide air navigation services to aircraft in United Kingdom airspace.
		Management of traffic in United Kingdom airspace is the responsibility of an integrated civil-military service provided jointly by the Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) and the Ministry of Defence.
	www.archive.official-documents.co.uk /document/mod/defence/c6tx5.htm (289 words)

	AATT Project :: DAG-TM
		Distributed Air/Ground (DAG) Traffic Management (TM) is an integrated operational concept in which flight deck crews, air traffic service providers and aeronautical operational control personnel use distributed decision-making to enable user preferences and increase system capacity, while meeting air traffic management (ATM) requirements.
		Free Maneuvering for user-preferred separation assurance and local traffic flow management (TFM) conformance.
		Results are being shared with domestic and international stakeholders to help establish standards through RTCA special committees and through the FAA/Eurocontrol Action Plans.
	www.asc.nasa.gov /aatt/dag.html (445 words)

	GATM test program 'extends' Extender's flight capabilities
		Aircraft operating in FANS airspace are required to be interoperable with air traffic services controlling the airspace, according to Markwald.
		Civil aviation authorities such as the Federal Aviation Administration and International Civil Aviation Organization currently use separation standards and air traffic management procedures for FANS airspace.
		The GATM system provides the Extender with a glass cockpit that adds communication, navigation, surveillance and air traffic management functions regulations require.
	www.afmc.wpafb.af.mil /HQ-AFMC/PA/news/archive/2003/Oct/1026-03.htm (500 words)

	Virtual Air Traffic Flight Simulation Network - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The flight plan, procedures and communication with air traffic controllers is very similar to real-world aviation including airplane separation, procedure turns, departure and arrival charts, takeoff and landing clearance, and noise restrictions.
		VATSIM users can both pilot (using a flight simulator, most commonly the current version of the Microsoft Flight Simulator) and provide air traffic control services (using a freeware simulated radar screen program provided by VATSIM).
		VATSIM is intended primarily for simulating commercial and recreational air traffic (as opposed to military/wargame simulation networks).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Virtual_Air_Traffic_Flight_Simulation_Network (645 words)

	ATCS Software Requirements Specification Rev 2
		Air Traffic Control System - The element of the National Airspace System which uses pilot-provided flight plans, strategic plans in the form of traffic management directires, and real-time aircraft positional information to provide immediate and near-term control and separation of aircraft [to cntrollers] [5].
		Thus, an air traffic control has been chosen as the problem to be solved for present ation during a special session of the above mentioned Workshop.
		Terminal Radar Approach Control - One of 150 U.S. air traffic control facilities that are responsible for areas designated as terminal control areas, the exact size of which differs depending on the facility, but typically extends to about 30 miles from the airport Tower.
	www-ece.engr.ucf.edu /~jza/classes/6897/projects98/srs2.html (645 words)

	Mode S: An Overview of Air Traffic Control
		While previously air traffic control had been done on a smaller scale, the FAA was charged to develop and maintain a broad air traffic control system that would maintain safe separation of all commercial aircraft in all stages of flight.
		The controllers determined if there were any conflicts in route or altitude, and modified the flight plan to ensure safe separation of aircraft.
		The next step in air traffic control came with the construction of 83 radio beacons by the Department of Commerce.
	web.mit.edu /6.933/www/Fall2000/mode-s/atc.html (1259 words)

	Westinghouse Communications
		cable installations for local and wide area connectivity, construction of a technical control facility, and construction of an air traffic control radar facility.
		Administered a $4 million budget in support of all telecommunications services and air traffic control systems.
		Developed pricing models, as well as coordinated technical proposal development and resources for assigned projects, (e.g., the separation of Westinghouse and customer networks at a joint facility, the implementation of ISDN connectivity in customer marketing offices nationwide, and the TCP/IP re-addressing of 14,000 network nodes nationwide).
	www.cis.gsu.edu /~gbeyah/industry_experience.htm (648 words)

	EUROCONTROL - Safety in Air Navigation
		The main purpose of Air Traffic Management (ATM) services is to ensure the safe separation of aircraft in the air and on the ground, while maintaining the most efficient operational and economic conditions.
		Air Traffic Management (ATM) services, which include the Air Traffic Control service more familiar to the general public, are rarely implicated in fatal aviation accidents.
		Safety in air navigation is EUROCONTROL's raison d'Ãªtre.
	www.eurocontrol.int /corporate/public/standard_page/cb_safety.html (578 words)

	Order 7610.4, Special Military Operations
		The FAA is charged with the responsibility for the establishment and operation of a common system of air navigation and air traffic control (ATC) within the U.S. In discharging its responsibilities, NORAD makes extensive use of the airspace for a variety of operations.
		2) Provide ATC services, including standard separation, when controlling an interceptor.
		Advise the controlling facility of adverse weather conditions affecting the intercept.
	www.faa.gov /ATpubs/MIL/Apdices/milapd16.html (1164 words)

	Air traffic control - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Tower controllers are responsible for the separation and efficient movement of aircraft and vehicles operating on the taxiways and runways of the airport itself, and aircraft in the air near the airport, generally 2 to 5 nautical miles (4 to 9 km) depending on the airport procedures.
		Such airspace is called "controlled airspace" in contrast to "uncontrolled airspace." By law, pilots must obey the directions of air traffic controllers when they are in controlled airspace.
		Center controllers are responsible for climbing the aircraft to their requested altitude while, at the same time, ensuring that the aircraft is properly separated from all other aircraft in the immediate area.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Air_traffic_control (3762 words)

	Air Traffic Control
		Although there is no air traffic control tower on the airport, the unicom frequency of 122.8 mhz is used by aircraft in the vicinity of the airport to obtain airport information and advise other aircraft of their position and intentions.
		All aircraft operating on IFR flight plans and those VFR aircraft that have established radio communication with the Little Rock-Adams Field Approach Control will be provided with altitude separation and route guidance to their destination airport.
		The Little Rock-Adams Field approach control directs aircraft along Victor airways until they are established on an instrument approach (when flying IFR) or have visual contact with the airport (when flying VFR).
	www.ar-net.com /sttg/sma/atc.htm (164 words)

	NATS - Library - History of UK Air Traffic Control - Atlantic Bridge - 1919-1999
		After the war radio telephony replaced W/T but wartime control standards continued until the adoption of comprehensive separation distances between aircraft on transatlantic routes: 1,000 feet vertical, 120nm lateral and 30 minutes longitudinal.
		A terminal was established at Prestwick aerodrome on Scotland’s Ayrshire coast and a control centre opened nearby.
		Although the first non-stop flight across the North Atlantic Ocean was made in 1919, it was to be another 20 years before there was any serious attempt to begin commercial air services and a further 20 before the number of trans-Atlantic air passengers exceeded those going by sea.
	www.nats.co.uk /library/history8.html (164 words)

	Airport Technology - Thales ATM - Control Centres, Surveillance, Navigation and Communications Systems for Air Traffic Management
		Thales ATM's automated systems allow the management of increasing traffic volumes, with reduced separation of aircraft, more flexible use of airspace and improved safety levels.
		Thales ATM (Air Traffic Management) is fully dedicated to the civil aviation community and has a range of complementary activities, including: air traffic control centres and tower systems; civil airspace surveillance and detection systems; navigation aids and communications systems; future air navigation systems CNS/ATM and research and development.
		Thales ATM is the leading worldwide manufacturer of ground-based air navigation equipment on which air traffic safety depends today.
	www.airport-technology.com /contractors/traffic/thales (636 words)

	FR Doc 03-27028
		Implementing a single vertical separation standard in Alaska mitigates problems related to air traffic control complexity and to the potential for controller error both within Alaskan airspace and for operations between Alaska and adjoining RVSM airspace.
		Increasing the number of flight levels available in the U.S. domestic airspace is projected to provide enhancements to aircraft operations similar to those gained in the North Atlantic (NAT) and Pacific (PAC) (i.e., mitigation of fuel penalties attributed to the inability to fly optimum altitudes and tracks, and enhanced controller flexibility for air traffic control).
		Instead, 1,000-foot vertical separation is applied between FL 290 and FL 410 when two passing aircraft are both RVSM approved and 2,000-foot vertical or horizontal separation is applied if either of the passing aircraft is not RVSM approved.
	a257.g.akamaitech.net /7/257/2422/14mar20010800/edocket.access.gpo.gov/2003/03-27028.htm (17244 words)

	AVweb: December 30, 2002
		Canadian biz jet operators and other high-performance aircraft owners are being urged to get their planes upgraded now for the new world of high-level air traffic control coming by the end of 2004.
		Nav Canada will implement the Southern Domestic Reduced Vertical Separation Minimum at the same time the U.S adopts the reduced vertical spacing and aircraft that don't have the avionics required for the system will be excluded from FL 290 to FL 410.
		Looks like Hooters Air has found the support it needs.
	www.avweb.com /newswire/9_01a (734 words)

	Cindy Castillo of CSSI: Team Leader in Air Traffic Control
		DRVSM stands for "domestic reduced vertical separation minimum." In early 2005, certified aircraft above flight level 290 will be able to reduce their vertical separation with other aircraft from the current 2,000-foot minimum to 1,000 feet, which will allow significantly more aircraft to fly in the same airspace at the same time.
		This is important to the average consumer because it substantially reduces airlines fuel costs, which allows them to maintain low ticket costs, or reduce them further.
		HE: What are some of the systems and programs that are most beneficial to air travelers?
	www.hispanicengineer.com /artman/publish/printer_71.shtml (1287 words)

	Twin Commander - What's New
		As of that day, air traffic control separation will be reduced to 1,000 feet vertically between 29,000 feet and 41,000 feet, and only RVSM-equipped and certified aircraft and pilots will be permitted to operate in that altitude range.
		In many cases it is advantageous to separate the legal ownership of an aircraft from the company that actually operates it.
		Solutions to problems that can arise from separate legal ownership of an aircraft
	www.twincommander.com /whatsnew.htm (8901 words)

	RVSM-Reduced Vertical Separation Minimum
		For additional air traffic control related information on RVSM contact:
		The process of safely changing this separation standard requires a study to assess the actual performance of airspace users under the current separation (2000-ft) and potential performance under the new standard (1000-ft).
		The goal of RVSM is to reduce the vertical separation above flight level (FL) 290 from the current 2000-ft minimum to 1000-ft minimum.
	www.faa.gov /ats/ato/rvsm1.htm (188 words)

	Collaborative Weather Rerouting Workshop -- AOC Focus Area Discussion Summaries
		Too much Air Traffic Control (ATC) dependence on phones
		Datalink-type communication capabilities to reduce information/modification dissemination times to all users (aeronautical operations centers [AOCs], ATC facilities, pilots)
		Utilize automation prior to telcon to enhance situational awareness, reduced telcon lengths, and address real-time changes
	www.caasd.org /collab_wx_rerouting_workshop/aoc_summaries.cfm (192 words)

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Topic: Separation (Air Traffic Control)

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