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Topic: Separation of church and state in the United States

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Separation of church and state

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	Separation of church and state - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The separation of church and state is a concept and philosophy in modern thought and practice, whereby the structures of the state or national government are proposed as needing to be separate from those of religious institutions.
		The separation of church and state is related to freedom of religion, but the two concepts are different and one should not infer hastily that countries with a state church do not necessarily have freedom of religion, nor should one infer that a country without a state church necessarily enjoys freedom of religion.
		Churches and religious communities, if they are large, stable and loyal to the constitution, can get special status from the state as a "corporation under public law" which allows the churches to levy taxes called Kirchensteuer (literally church tax) on their members.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Separation_of_church_and_state (7839 words)

	Separation of Church and State in America - ChristianAnswers.Net (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		In the context of the "separation of church and state," the Court's foundational reinterpretation of the Constitution was complete.
		"Separation of church and state," as applied to education, means that a prayer at a graduation ceremony is unconstitutional.
		The doctrine of "separation of church and state" has been used, and is being used, to effectively purge religion from the public square.
	christiananswers.net /q-wall/wal-g004.html (1174 words)

	[No title]
		SEPARATION OF CHURCH AND STATE by Philip Hamburger.
		Separation as a framework for deciding religious liberty cases is now articulated primarily in dissent, even though the majority cannot agree on which standard(s) — neutrality, non-endorsement, non-coercion, or something else — ought to take its place.
		The dominant understanding of religious liberty among dissenters was not separation but disestablishment, where dissenters would have equal rights under the law and be free from the various penalties imposed on those who were not part of the established church.
	www.bsos.umd.edu /gvpt/lpbr/subpages/reviews/hamburger-philip.htm (2140 words)

	Chapter 2: The Bible Bangers (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		In that case justice Hugo Black said that separation of church and state means the government cannot create and enforce an religion or church, and that no person can be punished for their religious beliefs.
		Leviticus 20:13 of the Bible states “If a man lies with a male as with a woman, both of them have committed abomination, they shall be put to death; their blood is upon them.” The United States government is denying gay couples of their rights based on a Bible verse.
		As we examine the ways the United States has pushed the limit on separation of church and state our conclusion is that religion has often played a role in the way our country has developed over time.
	www.msu.edu /~jakeycol/WRA135/bible.html (1752 words)

	WallBuilders \| Resources \| The Separation of Church and State (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		We could not approve the slightest breach.” The “separation of church and state” phrase which they invoked, and which has today become so familiar, was taken from an exchange of letters between President Thomas Jefferson and the Baptist Association of Danbury, Connecticut, shortly after Jefferson became President.
		Such rulings against State laws are a direct violation of the words and intent of the very one from whom the courts claim to derive their policy.
		In summary, the “separation” phrase so frequently invoked today was rarely mentioned by any of the Founders; and even Jefferson’s explanation of his phrase is diametrically opposed to the manner in which courts apply it today.
	www.wallbuilders.com /resources/search/detail.php?ResourceID=9 (1909 words)

	The Constitutional Basis for Separation of Church and State
		A quick glance at a map of the then United States is enough to demonstrate how devastating to the success of the new nation it would have been had either one, or both, opted out of joining the new government.
		No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.
		The primary purpose behind the first section of the Fourteenth Amendment, known as the "due process clause," was to prevent the States from depriving the newly freed slaves of their rights as citizens of the United States, as well as citizens of the States they resided in.
	home.mchsi.com /~sguerke1/Con_basis_sep_church_state_edited_ver.html (1567 words)

	The Myth of Separation of Church and State (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The reason Jefferson choose the expression "separation of church and state" was because he was addressing a Baptist congregation; a denomination of which he was not a member.
		The only real reason to separate the church from the state would be to instill a new morality and establish a new system of beliefs.
		If it was their intention to separate the state and church they would never have taken principles from the Bible and put them into our government.
	www.noapathy.org /tracts/mythofseparation.html (2394 words)

	Church-State Separation Has Gone Too Far, 78% of Protestant Clergy Say (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Among the larger denominational groups in the study, Southern Baptist ministers are particularly likely to view the separation of church and state as having gone too far –- by a 93 percent majority.
		Even among ministers from denominations that are members of the National Council of Churches, which represents mainline Protestant denominations and has a reputation for being a more liberal body of churches, 85 percent of clergy believe "under God" should stay in the pledge.
		The study was conducted in all 50 states, using a representative sample of pastors from all Protestant denominations.
	www.lifeway.com /lwc/article_main_page/0,1703,A=157559&X=1&M=150019,00.html (1043 words)

	Arizona Daily Wildcat - Load of Belshe: The paradox of the American Catholic - Thursday, April 29, 2004 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Such an intrusion by a religious organization, which also happens to be a sovereign state, into the inner working of a democratic government would be intolerable to any nation, let alone one that has such a strict separation of church and state as the United States.
		While the separation of church and state was intended to keep the government from forcing a religion on the people, it was also meant to prevent external influences, such as the Catholic Church, from controlling the affairs of the nation, as has occurred numerous times in history.
		After all, the church is among the oldest institutions in the history of mankind, and for much of its existence was a central figure in world politics.
	wildcat.arizona.edu /papers/97/145/03_3.html (776 words)

	Harvard University Press/Separation of Church and State/Reviews (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		This richly documented and cogently argued book challenges conventional interpretations of separation of church and state as a constitutional standard in American history and promises to reshape the debate on the constitutional and prudential relations between religion and American public life.
		He has laid to rest the historical credentials of the Jeffersonian myth of the "wall of separation," and shown how the notion of separation gained wide acceptance in the nineteenth century primarily due to the pervasiveness of American anti-Catholicism.
		He has also destroyed the notion that separation is the only alternative to the union of church and state, and demonstrated that acceptance of separation has in fact undermined the vitality of our original anti-establishment notions of religious freedom.
	www.hup.harvard.edu /reviews/HAMSEP_R.html (365 words)

	Do you, as a U.S. citizen, support the general policy of "separation of church and state" in the United States?
		The first amendment explicitly states that our government shall not be able to designate a national religion, or prevent the free exercise of any religion.
		It has been decided that this should be interpreted as establishing a separation between church and state.
		On the other hand, I don't know what (if anything) the phrase ``separation of church and state'' might denote outside the U.S.A., so it should at least be mentioned that it's a term used to describe the principle in U.S. law that the government isn't allowed to meddle in the affairs of religious establishments.
	www.surveycentral.org /?x=x&V=6254&A=AdvStats (574 words)

	Rehnquist's Dissent in Wallace v Jaffree (1985)
		The "wall of separation between church and State" is a metaphor based on bad history, a metaphor which has proved useless as a guide to judging.
		The Court examined the historical relationship between the State and church when church property was in issue, and determined that the challenged tax exemption did not so entangle New York with the church as to cause an intrusion or interference with religion.
		A State may pay for diagnostic services conducted in the parochial school but therapeutic services must be given in a different building; speech and hearing "services" conducted by the State inside the sectarian school are forbidden, Meek v.
	www.belcherfoundation.org /wallace_v_jaffree_dissent.htm (6017 words)

	The Dispatch
		In his last article, Dennis spoke about my "respect for the separation of church and state." I thought I might take just a moment to clarify what my "respect" for this controversial topic really means.
		Our current understanding of the "separation of church and state" - the view that the state is to be thoroughly secular, and not influenced by religious values, especially Christian - was completely foreign to the first 150 years of American political thought.
		This is especially remarkable when one realizes that Jefferson wasn't even a member of the Constitutional Convention, and the phrase "separation of church and state" does not appear anywhere in the Constitution or the Bill of Rights.
	gilroydispatch.1871dev.com /opinion/contentview.asp?c=45572 (1069 words)

	The Separation of Church and State: Have We Gone Too Far?
		In fact, state and religion are so intertwined that the police have authority to arrest and whip violators of religious principles.
		At first glance, the phraseology "separation between church and state" appears to be an interpretation of the Establishment Clause in the United States Constitution.
		It should be noted that modern interpretations of both the Establishment Clause and Jefferson's creation of the dicta, "separation of Church and State," have been a driving force behind both legislative and judicial decisions, an intention the drafters (President Jefferson and the drafters of the Establishment Clause) may not have considered.
	www.expertlaw.com /library/misc/first_amendment.html (1244 words)

	WorldNetDaily: America's cornerstone: Belief in God
		One of the most misused phrases in American culture is "separation of church and state." We hear this all the time.
		We can't have a Nativity scene in the town square because it violates the constitutional separation of church and state.
		The separation is clearly between the states and the federal government.
	worldnetdaily.com /news/article.asp?ARTICLE_ID=34533 (1176 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		One could say that precisely because of the strong separation of church state, religious values are openly debated and indirectly influence policy formation.
		The type of separation of church and state in the United States is an exception for liberal democracies in the world rather than the rule.
		Furthermore, because Evangelical churches do not separate their theological/congregational base from their relief and development work, but rather rely on that base for funds, missionaries, volunteer staff, and professional staff, Evangelical PVOs are introducing a “holistic” approach to relief and development work while at the same time organizationally mimicking the existing, larger PVOs.
	www.wcfia.harvard.edu /papers/654__TakingGodOverseas.doc (1905 words)

	Washington Office for Advocacy: Church-State Separation
		Below are the complete statements or excerpts of statements passed by the Unitarian Universalist Association of Congregations General Assembly on the issue of Separation of Church and State.
		BE IT RESOLVED: That the Unitarian Universalist Association express its opposition to all attempts to alter the First Amendment to the Constitution of the United States of America which would permit the establishment of religious practices in the public schools.
		WHEREAS, the United States is a pluralistic society committed to the separation of church and state; and
	www.uua.org /uuawo/new/article.php?id=304 (1410 words)

	GOPUSA - Opinion Central
		The assertion that the United States Constitution has verbiage specifically providing for a separation of church and state is a false one.
		By asserting there is a separation of church and state in the Constitution he is literally rewriting the Constitution, a document who's Framers were heads and shoulders above Mr.
		Regardless of the outcome, the fact remains there is no verbiage in the US Constitution that separates church and state so that argument would be a losing one.
	www.gopusa.com /opinion/fs_0822p.shtml (1020 words)

	SSA: Memes: Links: Church/State Separation Issues (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Americans United for the Separation of Church and State
		The Entangled Separation of Church and State in the United States
		Separation of Church and State: A Constitutional Principle
	www.secularstudents.org /memes/links/css.html (39 words)

	People For the American Way - Church-State Separation: Key Battleground for 2005 and Beyond
		Their aim is to convince the American public that church-state separation was never intended by our Founding Fathers and that the United States was founded as a Christian nation.
		It reviews the evolution of separation of church and state in the United States and explains, in simple and straightforward language, what the Supreme Court has really said about issues like religion in public schools, tax aid to religious institutions, and the limits of religious freedom.
		During the American Revolution, dissenters found sympathetic lawmakers who favored separating church and state, and the free marketplace of religion gained legal status as the Founders began the daunting task of uniting thirteen disparate colonies.
	www.pfaw.org /pfaw/general/default.aspx?oid=13255 (1430 words)

	USCJ: United Synagogue of Conservative Judaism
		WHEREAS, the Courts of the United States have traditionally prevented all attempts to combine Church and State in violation of the First Amendment of the United States Constitution and of the constitutions of the various states; and
		THE UNITED SYNAGOGUE OF CONSERVATIVE JUDAISM that prayer, religious experiences and religious education are the responsibilities of the home, the synagogue and other places of worship; and
		BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED, that THE UNITED SYNAGOGUE OF CONSERVATIVE JUDAISM undertake to inform its affiliated congregations of the importance of the separation of Church and State and asks the members of the congregations to communicate their feelings with the appropriate public officials.
	www.uscj.org /cgi-bin/viewcontent.pl?Separation_of_Church6709.html (268 words)

	Separation of Church and State (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Library: Modern Documents: Separation of Church and State
		Church and State in Norway (1997) by Finngeir Hiorth
		The statement is a supplement to the oral remarks he was scheduled to deliver on 1988 regarding legislation "To modernize United States circulating coin designs of which one reverse will have a theme of the Bicentennial of the Constitution."
	www.infidels.org /library/modern/church-state/index.shtml (172 words)

	Separation of Church and State: The Constitutional Principle
		Thomas Jefferson actually said that the wall of separation between church and state was "one directional."
		The Supreme Court has Declared that the United States is a Christian Nation.
		Please do not use email as a forum to offer opinions of church state in general, politics, government, etc. There are a great many forums on the net for this purpose.
	members.tripod.com /~candst/toc.htm (2567 words)

	William Rehnquist totally destroys "Separation of Church and State" myth (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		State churches that use government power to support themselves and force their views on persons of other faiths undermine all our civil rights.
		Moreover, state support of the church tends to make the clergy unresponsive to the people and leads to corruption within religion.
		Anyway, the line between church and state will probably be drawn differently, but there will still be a line.
	www.freerepublic.com /focus/f-news/971381/posts (8866 words)

	Where is God in the Constitution? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		They believe that religion was not a decisive factor in the formation of the Constitution of the United States and therefore, this proves that the framers of the Constitution did not want religion to influence public policy.
		It was not until the legal community in the United States adopted secularism that the absence of the word "God" took on the kind of significance it has today.
		The `wall of separation between church and state' is a metaphor based on bad history.
	www.freerepublic.com /focus/f-news/1298911/posts (7571 words)

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