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Systems_theory |
 | | John von Neumann discovered cellular automata and self-reproducing systems without computers, with only pencil and paper. |
| | Aleksandr Lyapunov and Jules Henri Poincaré worked on the foundations of chaos theory without any computer at all. |
| | At the same time the radiation ecologist, Howard T. Odum recognised that the study of general systems required a language that could depict the energetics and kinetics at any system scale. |
| www.brainyencyclopedia.com /encyclopedia/s/sy/systems_theory.html (960 words) |
