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Topic: Serial Copy Management System

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	Serial Copy Management System - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Serial Copy Management System or SCMS was created in response to the digital audio tape (DAT) invention, in order to prevent DAT recorders from making second-generation or serial copies.
		If the source has the copy bits set as 11, every copy of this material will have the bits set to 10 and the copy from the copy would be prohibited.
		The copy protection would look for the presence of frequencies in a particular high-frequency band; if there was no audio present in this band, the recorder would assume that the music in question was copy protected, and would not allow recording of the music.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Serial_Copy_Management_System (704 words)

	Digital rights management - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Beyond the existing legal restrictions which copyright law imposes on the owner of the physical copy of a work, most DRM schemes can and do enforce additional restrictions at the sole discretion of the media distributor (which may or may not be the same entity as the copyright holder).
		Or, for another example, a legally obtained copy of a DVD might be blocked or crippled because it is being used on equipment which doesn't include the DRM function permitting access to it, or which if included, doesn't interoperate correctly.
		DRM systems currently employed are not time limited in this way, and although it would be possible to create such a system (under compulsory escrow agreements, for example), there is currently no mechanism to remove the copy control systems embedded into works once they enter the public domain, after the term of copyright expires.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Digital_rights_management (5500 words)

	SCMS - Serial Copy Management System
		Serial Copy Management System, is a method used to prevent unlimited cloning of DATs.
		A copy protection system used in consumer type digital audio equipment that prevents second generation digitak copying by setting a copyright flag that is present in the digital signal.
		This means you can make as many digital copies of your original DAT tapes as you like, but you cannot digitally make copies of any of those copies.
	www.auditmypc.com /acronym/SCMS.asp (390 words)

	IEEE-USA Position On "Copy Control Systems" (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		We are particularly concerned about the effects of any copy control technology that might be mandated by the government, or that might be imposed by industry without taking adequate care to protect the rights of users and consumers.
		Additionally, IEEE-USA believes that copy protection must not be allowed to limit or eliminate reverse engineering of computer programs and interfaces, and time-shifting of television programs, both found lawful by the courts, to extend protection to works not protected by copyright, or to limit fair-use rights.
		Copy protection should not be used to force consumers to purchase new, or to repair, maintain, or upgrade, computers or players to continue their past lawful uses of the Internet.
	www.ieeeusa.org /policy/positions/copycontrolsystems.asp (963 words)

	The role of copy protection (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		It is the goal of copy protection to encode a certain pattern of use onto the media used to transmit content.
		Copy protection throws up a flag to the personal copier—it is difficult to acquire the necessary knowledge and equipment to circumvent copyright protection without becoming aware of the questionable legality of the act.
		Copy protection appears as a lock on recordings people have purchased; though they own a copy of the recording (not the work itself) they are limited in the ways they may enjoy the work.
	cse.stanford.edu /classes/cs201/projects/dvd-css/role.htm (580 words)

	Serial Copy Management System
		The SCMS status of an original is indicated by a copy bit which is present on an original CD and is placed on a recording at a frequency of 75 frames per second.
		For an original which has itself been copied from a copyright-protected original, the copy bit is toggled every 5 frames between ‘on’ and ‘off’ (high and low states).
		A copy is recorded with copy bit that toggles every 5 frames between ‘on’ and ‘off’ (high and low states).
	www.barrel-of-monkeys.com /graphics/prod/dvdplayers/scms.html (496 words)

	EXTINCTION OF THE DIGITAL LOCK PICKER?
		The Audio Home Recording Act requires a serial copy management system in all digital audio recording devices and digital audio interface devices imported, manufactured or distributed in the United States.
		Such a system allows unlimited first generation digital copying of sound recordings, but prevents the making of digital copies from copies.
		The proposed prohibitions are potentially very broad in scope and application, whereas the prohibition of disabling a specific device (a serial copy management system), which is only found in digital sound duplicating devices, is extremely narrow and well-defined.
	courses.cs.vt.edu /~cs3604/lib/Copyrights.Patents/picker.html (918 words)

	oppprelim
		Plaintiffs have based their argument about serial copying on the fact that the memory upgrade of the Rio (although not the basic memory itself) is removable.
		A "digital audio copied recording" is "a reproduction in a digital recording format of a digital musical recording, whether that reproduction is made directly from another digital musical recording or indirectly from a transmission." See 17 U.S.C. § 1001(1).
		The definition of a "digital audio copied recording" is complementary, with two parts, because a recording function is complementary, with input and output.
	www.virtualrecordings.com /oppprelim.htm (7651 words)

	FAQ - B's Recorder GOLD7 - B.H.A Corporation
		Copy Controlled CDs (CCCDs) are usually labeled as being so on the packaging, and cannot be copied or captured.
		The disc you want to copy includes the SCMS (Serial Copy Management System) copy bit which prevents copying from a copyright-protected original.
		I copied a commercial live CD with no silence between the tracks using Disc-At-Once, but when I play the copy there is silence between the tracks.
	www.bhacorp.com /support/faq_gold7/06.html (986 words)

	Digital Law Online: Protection Through Technology
		This would also avoid messy questions like whether a copy would be permitted as a fair use or not since, if such a technology-based mechanism could work properly, anything permitted by the copy control mechanism would be permissible, and anything not permissible would be blocked by the copy control mechanism.
		A rights management system is essentially an electronic notice that the work is protected by copyright.
		It would be simple to indicate that any rights management information is a “notice of copyright appearing on a copy of a copyrighted work.” The penalties for removing such a notice could be expanded to better match the penalties for criminal copyright infringement.
	digital-law-online.info /lpdi1.0/treatise41.html (2174 words)

	U.S. Copyright Office - 128-Bit Browsers
		(1) A "digital audio copied recording" is a reproduction in a digital recording format of a digital musical recording, whether that reproduction is made directly from another digital musical recording or indirectly from a transmission.
		(ii) that is primarily marketed and most commonly used by consumers either for the purpose of making copies of motion pictures or other audiovisual works or for the purpose of making copies of nonmusical literary works, including computer programs or data bases.
		(11) The term "serial copying" means the duplication in a digital format of a copyrighted musical work or sound recording from a digital reproduction of a digital musical recording.
	www.copyright.gov /title17/92chap10.html (3444 words)

	GigaLaw.com: Why Can't I Make Copies From Copies of My CDs? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		First, all digital recording devices must incorporate something called the "Serial Copy Management System." This is a special chip that allows for the making of a first-generation copy of a digitally recorded work, but places a special signal on any copies that tells the chip not to make any further copies.
		Third, since royalties are being paid by the manufacturers or importers of the new recording devices and media, the copyright owners agreed to forever waive the right to sue consumers for copyright infringement using audio recording devices in their homes.
		The federal court refused to grant an injunction, on the ground that the Rio was not a recording device; while it could store one copy of MP3 files, it had no capability for making additional copies.
	www.gigalaw.com /articles/2001-all/samuels-2001-04-all.html (1434 words)

	Recording Industry Association of America (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		BACKGROUND: The Audio Home Recording Act of 1992: As originally developed, digital audio recorders permitted consumers to make an unlimited number of copies, and copies of copies, of pre-recorded digital recordings that would be virtually indistinguishable from the commercial originals.
		Serial Copy Management System: The SCMS is a mechanism embodied on a computer chip that is installed in digital audio recorders.
		The SCMS is designed to prevent the digital audio recorder from making any additional copies of a digital recording, such as a CD or pre-recorded digital audio tape, except for "first generation" copies.
	www.riaa.com /news/newsletter/press1997/121797.asp (480 words)

	Europe4DRM, Offline DRM, Copy Protection
		One of the earliest protection systems to be widely used on digital media was DVD regional coding.
		The system relies on a coding recognition system built into DVD players, which are sold on a regional basis.
		While DVD regional coding is a comparatively primitive protection system, the benefit it provided has encouraged film producers and manufacturers to continue to work closely together on copy protection, which has resulted in a standard protection system for DVDs, called Content Scramble System (CSS), developed by the DVD Copy Control Association.
	www.europe4drm.com /offline_p/offline_01.htm (394 words)

	Communications Media Center at New York Law School (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		(2) a system that has the same functional characteristics as the Serial Copy Management System and requires that copyright and generation status information be accurately sent, received, and acted upon between devices using the system's method of serial copying regulation and devices using the Serial Copy Management System; or
		The Secretary of Commerce shall establish a procedure to verify, upon the petition of an interested party, that a system meets the standards set forth in subsection (a)(2).
		No person shall import, manufacture, or distribute any device, or offer or perform any service, the primary purpose or effect of which is to avoid, bypass, remove, deactivate, or otherwise circumvent any program or circuit which implements, in whole or in part, a system described in subsection (a).
	www.nyls.edu /cmc/uslaws/17us1002.htm (323 words)

	[No title]
		Nearly all DVDs, since 1997, are protected from copying by using an encryption system called CSS (Contents Scramble System), which only allows for films to be viewed on players and computer drives equipped with licensed technology that permits the devices to decrypt and play (but not to copy) the films.
		Consequently, is the copy-protection system in itself harmful to both copyright law and the First Amendment right? Judge Kaplan, in the district court, recognised that technological control measures present a legal paradox.
		The district court acknowledged that copying for fair use would be curtailed but dodged the query by stating that there were different types of fair uses within different types of communities, and that the question of constitutionality could not really be decided in bloc, without consideration of the circumstances of each user.
	www.wipo.int /arab/en/meetings/2003/ipr_mct/doc/wipo_ipr_mct_03_1.doc (5233 words)

	Stereophile: Copying and Sharing Recorded Music (The Dos and Don'ts of Copyright Law)
		First, digital copying devices must be equipped with the Serial Copy Management System (SCMS), which prevents unlimited serial copying of copyrighted material.
		Even though the DMCA prevents the making of digital copies, it does not prevent one from making a copy of a protected audio disc by using the analog outputs of the CD player, or even by holding a microphone in front of one's speakers.
		For example, if one were to copy a book in its entirety and give the copy to a friend as a gift, one would most likely have committed an act of infringement.
	www.stereophile.com /reference/905copy/index1.html (1790 words)

	Breaking Barriers to Popularize Internet Streaming Broadcast
		The Japanese system of paying a compensation fee for private recording that has been imposed on the recording media has many loopholes.
		The only effect of copy protection is to raise the barrier of access for the users, whether honest or dishonest.
		The intention of the author has not been to suggest completely denying existing scheme of copyright control, nor imposing a strict regulation, but that depending solely on copy protection is no longer practical to protect the copyright of audio content, and that watermarking is a viable alternative to solve this issue.
	www.isoc.org /inet2000/cdproceedings/8g/8g_1.htm (4447 words)

	Comp 527: Assignment 3: Mobile Code
		Their goal is to allow you to make first-generation copies but not second-generation copies.
		If this were a real system, your data structure would be linked with an interpreter allowing the dictionary to be loaded with new words, queried, and listed out (in no particular order, for this exercise...).
		When the system vendor wants to check a watermark, they will start with an empty dictionary, load a sample set of words, and list it back out again.
	www.cs.rice.edu /~dwallach/courses/comp527_s99/ass3.html (861 words)

	Netlitigation \|Submit \| MP3 \|
		The AHRA does three key things: (a) requires that device manufacturers include technological limitations on a device's ability to make serial copies (known as a "serial copy management system"); (b) provides for a royalty from every sale of a device; and (c) insulates device manufacturers from liability for contributory copyright infringement.
		In October 1998, the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) brought suit against Diamond Multimedia Systems, Inc., the manufacturer of the Rio device described above, claiming that the device was covered by the AHRA and thus required a serial-copy management system and the payment of royalties.
		However, it went on to conclude that incorporating a "serial copy management system" in the Rio would make little sense, because the device did not permit "downstream" copying in the first place.
	www.netlitigation.com /netlitigation/submit/klcmp3.html (991 words)

	MegaLaw - Copyright Act
		- The Secretary of Commerce shall establish a procedure to verify, upon the petition of an interested party, that a system meets the standards set forth in subsection (a)(2).
		MegaLaw.com is not your lawyer, and even though MegaLaw.com, LLC has owners and managers who are lawyers, the Company does not practice law.
		You should not infer sponsorship, endorsement, or approval by MegaLaw.com of any content you find on this site, especially because MegaLaw.com does not have control over the content on this site and is not responsible for the content found on this site or any site linked to through it.
	www.megalaw.com /top/copyright/17usc1002.php (383 words)

	Universal Audio \| Support \| Digital \| Frequently Asked Questions
		Anybody who either has a digital system that supports 192kHz sample rate, or wants to be ready to upgrade.
		A: At 48kHz, the L/R analog channels are output on lightpipe channel pair 1/2, and are copied to 3/4, 5/6, and 7/8.
		Similarly, at 96KHz, the lightpipe outputs 1/2 are copied to 3/4 (there are only four channels available at 96kHz).
	www.uaudio.com /support/digital/FAQ.html (563 words)

	Marantz CDR-630 Professional CD Recorder
		The currently available small scale CD-R duplication systems geared to studios, are limited in their choice of source material and programmability.
		Furthermore, the studio is limited to a predetermined number of recorders in the system, which limits the user's flexibility.
		Alternatively, a set up of, say six CDR630s, can be used to simultaneously record in six different rooms or three copies in two rooms or, well you get the picture.
	www.cardinalproaudio.com /main/specials/cdr630.htm (598 words)

	The Tapers Section - The Tapers Forum (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		A DAT machine that incorporates this "feature" writes copy protect along with the rest of the data when you record a tape (1 0).
		When copying this tape, with the copy protect data on a machine with scms a second level of copy protect data is written on this tape (1 1).
		This tape cannot be transferred to another DAT machine with SCMS, without the aid of an outboard device known as a SCMS stripper.
	www.oade.com /Tapers_Section/scms1.html (148 words)

	Congressman Howard Berman (CA28) :: Floor Statement :: Rep. Berman's Remarks on Copyright Piracy Implications of the ...
		Furthermore, I supported provisions of the Audio Home Recording Act of 1992 that required digital audio recording devices to utilize the Serial Copy Management System.
		In mandating use of the Macrovision technology, Congress ensured that it could not be used to prohibit copying of most analog, over-the-air television broadcasts.
		Similarly, in mandating use of the Serial Copy Management System, Congress ensured that it could only be used to prohibit copying from copies, but not to prohibit copying an original digital audio recording.
	www.house.gov /apps/list/speech/ca28_berman/BroadcastFlag.html (947 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		As part of this compromise, digital audio recording devices must include a system that prohibits serial copying, and manufacturers or importers must pay a modest royalty on new digital audio recording devices and media.
		No copyright lawsuit may be based on the manufacture, importation, distribution, or sale of digital or analog recording devices or media.
		Devices or services to circumvent the SCMS or any other serial copy control system may not be distributed.
	www.andrew.cmu.edu /course/19-102/ahrasum.txt (447 words)

	Recording Industry Association of America (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The RIAA asserts that the defendant, Daniel Sobotta and his company, Technolab Digital Systems, Inc., have blatantly violated the AHRA by manufacturing and selling a device known as the DigiCon 2.
		We intend our actions today to send a clear message that the RIAA will act swiftly and decisively against any devices that unlawfully interfere with copyright protection systems.
		Particularly as more and more music is digitalized, it is essential that the recording industry ensure that copyright systems are in place and not tampered with in order to safeguard copyrighted sound recordings from what otherwise could be massive illegal copying."
	www.riaa.com /news/newsletter/press1997/040897.asp (445 words)

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