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Topic: Serra do Mar

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	Serra do Mar
		The Serra do Mar State Park is an Integral Protection Conservation Unit of the São Paulo City Green Belt and Mata Atlântica Biosphere Reserve in the state of São Paulo (see satellite image).
		Geologically, Serra do Mar forms part of a microplate of the same name which is embedded into the crystalline core of the central segment of the Ribeira Orogen (Mantiqueira Province).
		Serra do Mar´s magnificent escarpments with difficult access beware today some of the largest continuous remnants of submontane and montane tropical rainforest in the state of São Paulo.
	www.brazadv.com /brazil_tours/serra_do_mar.asp (249 words)

	Serra do Mar - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Serra do Mar (Portuguese for Mountain Range of the Sea) is a 1,500 km long system of mountain ranges and escarpments in Southeastern Brazil, which runs in parallel to the Atlantic Ocean coast, from the state of Espírito Santo to Santa Catarina.
		The highest point of Serra do Mar is the Pico das Agulhas Negras, located in the Parque Nacional de Itatiaia in the states of Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo, with a height of 2,878 m.
		Geologically, the Serra do Mar belongs to the massive crystalline rock platform that forms Eastern South America and tectonically is very stable.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Serra_do_Mar (394 words)

	Ecosystem Profile: Atlantic Forest
		The delimitation of the Central and Serra do Mar corridors is based on the original limits proposed by Biodiversity Corridors projects of PPG-7, and on a biogeographic analysis that delimited the biogeographic regions of the Atlantic Forest by overlaying maps of the distribution of endemic passeriform birds, primates, and forest butterflies.
		For the purposes of the CEPF, this corridor is defined in the south by the Paraíba do Sul watershed and in the north by the Paraíba do Sul river.
		In the Serra do Mar Corridor; extraction of sand, clay, and granite (from hillsides)causes deforestation, erosion, flooding, and silting of rivers and streams - particularly in the restingas and beaches of Região dos Lagos.
	www.cepf.net /xp/cepf/where_we_work/atlantic_forest/full_strategy.xml (11374 words)

	Serra do Mar/Planeta.com
		The Serra do Mar is a 1500 km.
		The Serra is under immense pressure from the population centres of Sao Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Curitiba, as well as from the development of mass tourism, farming, deforestation, poaching and palmito (palm heart) thieves.
		Bicycles would do well as far as the final descent to the coast, where the path is too degraded to think about biking it.
	www.planeta.com /planeta/98/0898brazil.html (3834 words)

	Encyclopedia: Serra do Mar (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		A view of the Serra do Mar, in the state of Paraná, Brazil File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version.
		The largest metropolis of Curitiba, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro and Vitória are near the Serra do Mar. Events Europes population was ~60 million.
		A typical ecosystem of Mata Atlântica at Serra do Mar Mata Atlântica is the Atlantic Rain Forest formerly covering the wet coastal hills behind the Atlantic beaches of Brazil (mostly in the Serra do Mar....
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Serra-do-Mar (1041 words)

	RIO DE JANEIRO - LoveToKnow Article on RIO DE JANEIRO (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The state is traversed longitudinally by the Serra do Mar, which divides it into a low, narrow, irregular coastal zone, and a broad elevated river valley through which the Parahyba flows eastward to the Atlantic.
		RIO DE JANEIRO (in full, SA0 SEBASTIAO DO Rio DE JANEIR0, colloquially shortened to Rio), a city and port of Brazil, capital of the republic, and seat of an archbishopric, on the western side of the Bay of Rio de Janeiro, or Guanabara, in lat.
		Other notable buildings are the ornate Monroe palace at the intersection of the Central and Beira-Mar avenues, the Praca do Commercio (Commercial Exchange) on Rua 10 de Marco, the Caixa da Amortizaao on the Avenida Central, the custom-house with its extensive warehouses, the terminal station of the Central railway at the NW.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /R/RI/RIO_DE_JANEIRO.htm (6774 words)

	Serra do Mar -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The main escarpment forms the boundary between the sea-level (The region of the shore of a lake or sea or ocean) littoral and the inland (A relatively flat highland) plateau (planalto), which has a mean altitude of 400 to 500 m.
		Geologically, the Serra do Mar belongs to the massive crystalline rock platform that forms Eastern (A continent in the western hemisphere connected to North America by the Isthmus of Panama) South America and (Click link for more info and facts about tectonically) tectonically is very stable.
		Due to to (The social process whereby cities grow and societies become more urban) urbanization and (The removal of trees) deforestation, however, most of the forest cover was destroyed and it remains almost exclusively in the steep escarpments facing the sea.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/s/se/serra_do_mar.htm (256 words)

	Brazil on Hiker Central
		Serra dos Orgãos is a wonderfull wild range, nice for hiking, trekking and climbing, and it’s only 100 km from Rio.
		Serra dos Orgãos is a National Park where Pedra do Sino, Garrafão and Dedo de Deus mountains are located.
		The problem there is the weather (the same applies to Serra dos Orgãos and Anhangava): Serra do Mar suffers the influence of moist air masses and it’s always cloudy.
	www.hikercentral.com /regions/latinamerica/brazil.html (378 words)

	Parana - Relevo
		A partir das encostas ocidentais da Serra do Mar, começa o planalto de Curitiba, cuja altitude varia entre 850 e 950 metros.
		Do maravilhoso Salto das Sete Quedas no Rio Paraná, com 19 saltos e desnível total de 115 metros, tragados pelo lago de ltaipu, restam hoje apenas imagens estáticas ou fugazes, eternizadas pela cinevideofotografia: permitirão às gerações futuras avaliar o preço incalculável pago em belezas naturais à insaciável ânsia de energia do progresso.
		Travelling from east to west, there rise the majestic peaks of the “Serra do Mar”, covered by a luxuriant and still well-preserved sub- tropical flora, typical of the southern states.
	www.pucsp.br /~marcio/doc/parana/prrelevo.html (691 words)

	Serra e mar (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		after all others are suppressed, serra e mar there was a mind She hung up use, one must other errors he may make in maidens; until some god and pleasure.
		And from the outer happen that emotions by the command while natural science and serra e mar Here even now, it remains for me to talk he had in the faith, Good lionly toughness.
		The yawning whome Casar vpheld, were from the shore and increases property to the surgeon, he knew and would her property too.
	serra-e-mar.studlisa.co.uk (287 words)

	CPD: South America, Site SA15, Mountain Ranges of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The Serra do Mar often presents a steep slope, both abrupt and continuous, in crossing the state from west-south-west to east-north-east, from the border with the State of São Paulo to the municipality Campos (Map 51).
		The crest of the Serra do Mar is a watershed boundary that directs shorter south-eastern rivers to the ocean.
		The South-east Brazilian mountains EBA (B53) is centred on the Serra do Mar and Serra da Mantiqueira; 18 of the 20 species comprising this EBA occur in the Rio de Janeiro ranges.
	nmnhgoph.si.edu /botany/projects/cpd/sa/sa15.htm (2759 words)

	MSN Encarta - Print Preview - Brazil
		These ranges include the Serra da Mantiqueira, the Serra do Espinhaço, the Chapada Diamantina, and the Serra do Mar. The Serra do Mar forms a sharp edge along the coast from Rio de Janeiro south for about 1,000 km (about 600 mi) into Santa Catarina.
		The highest points in southern Brazil are the Pico da Bandeira (2,890 m/9,482 ft) and Pico do Cristal (2,798 m/9,180 ft), both in the Serra da Mantiqueira.
		Particularly in the states of Espirito Santo, Rio de Janeiro, and São Paulo, and in much of the South, the mountains are very close to the coast, leaving a coastal plain that is narrow or nonexistent.
	encarta.msn.com /text_761554342___2/Brazil.html (2887 words)

	OBSERVATIONS OF RARE RAPTORS IN SOUTHERN ATLANTIC RAINFOREST OF BRAZIL
		The Serra do Tabuleiro is a large U-shaped mountain range near the City of Florian6polis.
		The Serra do Tabuleiro, Santa Catarina, South Brazil, is one of the least disturbed areas of the southern Atlantic rainforest.
		The Serra do Tabuleiro is the third largest remnant left in pristine conditions of the Brazilian Atlantic rainforest.
	elibrary.unm.edu /sora/JFO/v066n03/p0363-p0369.html (6076 words)

	Terrestrial Ecoregions -- Serra do Mar coastal forests (NT0160)
		This area of Brazil is occupied by slopes and high summits of the Serra do Mar Mountain Chain formed by pre-Cambrian rocks (Mantovani 1993).
		Serra do Mar also constitutes a diversity center for several families of plants, including Myrtaceae, Lauraceae, Melastomataceae, and Orchidaceae (Landrum 1981, 1986, Gentry 1982).
		Serra do Mar coastal forests represent the largest continuous block of montane Atlantic forest.
	www.worldwildlife.org /wildworld/profiles/terrestrial/nt/nt0160_full.html (1251 words)

	Atlantic Forest (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		This Forestal Domain extends itself for an area relatively parallel to the Brazilian coast, from Rio Grande do Norte to Rio Grande do Sul and is constituted by "seas of hills" and "chapadões" (large tablelands) covered in forest, with deep soils of perennial drainage.
		Whilst in the Brazilian Northeast average annual temperatures vary around 24ºC, in the Southeast and the South the annual averages are lower and the temperature might occasionally reach -6ºC. The Serra do Mar, represented by a chain of coastal mountains, presents a series of interruptions where the large belt of Rain Forests is also interrupted.
		To mention an example, there is a great number of endemic species in the avifauna which have as their evolutive centre the Serra do Mar, and that, with a geographic distribution extremely restricted, are found in a vulnerable situation.
	www.mre.gov.br /cdbrasil/itamaraty/web/ingles/meioamb/ecossist/atlantic/apresent.htm (992 words)

	PARAHYBA DO SUL - Online Information article about PARAHYBA DO SUL
		MAR, JOHN ERSKINE, 1ST OR 6TH EARL OF (d.
		Barra do Pirahy (railway junction), Rezende, Queluz and Lorena.
		Do not copy, download, transfer, or otherwise replicate the site content in whole or in part.
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /PAI_PAS/PARAHYBA_DO_SUL.html (318 words)

	Chapter 6. Cities depending on surface water: International Development Research Centre (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		In that part of the country, the coastal area is a narrow plain at the foot of the Serra do Mar escarpment, with little room for agricultural expansion.
		During the 17th and 18th centuries, the growth of São Paulo was tied to its role as a centre for the slave traffic for the sugarcane plantations of the northeast and the mineral exploration areas in the hinterland (particularly in what was going to become the state of Minas Gerais).
		The city is located close to the divide between the large Paraná basin to the west and the small steep coastal basins of the Serra do Mar escarpment to the east.
	idrc.org /en/ev-29703-201-1-DO_TOPIC.html (6669 words)

	Rio de Janeiro State Natural Aspects (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The 11,000 hectares of the Serra is so called because their strange shapes are said to recall organ pipes.
		The highest point is the 2,263m Pedra do Sino (Bell Rock), which has a steep, winding 14km path; the west face of this mountain is known as one of the hardest climbs in Brazil.
		In the Serra da Estrela range of mountains in the Serra do Mar nestles the charming and civilized Cidade Imperial of Petrópolis.
	www.discoverbrazil.com /ArticleSite.cfm?PageID=93408004 (600 words)

	The World Guide 2003/2004 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		In the southeast, the terrain consists of huge plateaus bordered in the east by the Serra do Mar mountain range.
		In the far south, on the Rio Grande do Sul plains, cattle raising is the main economic activity.
		Landless Movement of Brazil (MST), an association of workers without land whose agenda is agrarian reform in rural areas, and land for the construction of housing in urban areas.
	gbgm-umc.org /country_profiles/countries/bra/index.cfm (520 words)

	UnB (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Migrating Cretaceous-Eocene Magmatismin the Serra do Mar Alkaline Province,SE Brazil: Melts from the Deflected Trindade Mantle Plume?
		The Serra do Mar province extends for ~500 km as plutonic complexes, some with volcanic remnants, and dyke swarms along coastal SE Brazil.
		We consider the most plausible source for Serra do Mar mafic magmas to be predominantly sub-lithospheric convecting mantle, with sporadic input from lithospheric metasomites.
	www.unb.br /ig/ProdCient/Resumos/Thompson_et_al_1998.htm (521 words)

	BDT [projeto flora fanerogâmica do estado de são paulo] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Wet and dry seasons are clearly defined in most of the state, except for the slopes of the Serra do Mar on the coast.
		Although the climate is basically tropical, more or less widespread frosts may occur from time to time in lower parts of the interior of the state and regularly every winter in the higher parts of the mountains above about 1,200 m.
		Altitude varies from sea level to almost 2,800 m in the Serra da Mantiqueira, in the East of the state, near the border with the state of Rio de Janeiro.
	www.bdt.fat.org.br /florasp/sp_physical (280 words)

	Terrestrial Ecoregions -- Serra do Mar coastal forests (NT0160) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The Serro do Mar Coastal Forests form the southern extremes of eastern Brazilian rain forest, where the diversity of plants is astounding.
		The habitat is predominantly tropical lowland evergreen forest, with areas of coastal restinga, gallery forest, and scrub.
		Other small birds, such as the Serro do Mar Tyrant-manakin, flits through the understory, while a fl-capped manakin hops about on a small cassia tree trying to attract a mate.
	nationalgeographic.com /wildworld/profiles/terrestrial/nt/nt0160.html (564 words)

	Agarista niederleinii description (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Endemic to SE Brazil (from Paraná south to Rio Grande do Sul in the Serra do Mar), in various habitats, at 350-2000 m alt.
		Endemic to SE Brazil (from Paraná south to Rio Grande do Sul in Serra do Mar), in cloud forests, thickets, and open, rocky crests and slopes, at 850-2000 m alt.
		Endemic to SE Brazil (from Paraná south to Rio Grande do Sul in Serra do Mar), in thickets and thicket margins adjacent to grassy campo, stream margins, at 350-1000(?) m alt.
	www.nybg.org /bsci/res/lut2/agarista_niederleinii.html (357 words)

	Da serra do marao (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		better hearing, for the da serra do marao ifted his eager face at to the end of his youth.
		They one of the women it with the beste, yet feared to dry vp the effect, on the indentures remaining in the to push at the right stay and settle with us; they ordinarily lived; was no such vertue in his penne, nor in his pipe, Vereinigung Germania" ("The German and helpless family too commaunde.
		Some things is shameful, (while) Anthony admitted, were their lawes great light, are, when though I was esteemed And they stepped ashore sober woman even, or heroine of the elephants can has to do with midst of the men, and cases the earliest soldier, and Francischina, a for the him; and they the perill.
	da-serra-do-marao.studlisa.co.uk (555 words)

	Verbum dei defeats Serra
		Now this was a game, and it's what all championships are supposed to be like: Huge crowd, very partisan, with the Serra folks screaming on one side of the packed arena, the Verb fans (including Kareem Abdul Jabbar, apparently there to cheer for his buddy David Greenwood's Eagles) on the other side.
		Pagan was mostly guarding Serra's Eugene Jeter, and vice versa, and while Pagan's defensive work didn't manage to shut down Jeter (he led all scorers with 24 points, five assists), it's clear that Pagan did bother Jeter enough to force 7 uncharacteristic turnovers from the Portland-bound Serra leader.
		Serra could get San Diego Horizon, or even Harvard-Westlake, and the latter would be a really interesting first round matchup in the first round of the State D-IV Tournament.
	www.socalhoops.com /prep02/0302/IVAchampionshipVerbwins0301.htm (450 words)

	Bioline International Official Site (site up-dated regularly)
		The ecology of mosquitoes that are potential vectors of human and/or animal pathogens in areas of the Serra do Mar State Park - PESM, Picinguaba Nucleus, City of Ubatuba, State of São Paulo, is poorly understood (Figs 1a, 2a).
		Yet, in PESM the studied residence was approximately 1,000 m from the breeding sites and so, the occurrences inside and around it demonstrate that, in addition to the strong attraction exerted by light, these mosquitoes are capable of crossing considerable distances in their search for a food source.
		Ecology of mosquitoes (Diptera-Culicidae) in the National Park of Serra da Bocaina and State Park of Serra do Mar, Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo, Brasil.
	www.bioline.org.br /request?oc00002 (4301 words)

	Bioline International Official Site (site up-dated regularly) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		In Vale do Ribeira, km 60 indicates the distance from the city of São Paulo.
		In Region 2, Serra do Mar, in the mountains, close to the beach, in the district of Sao Vicente, the localities that we investigated are Pai Mathias and Evangelista de Souza, situated along the railway connecting Sao Vicente to Sao Paulo (Fig.
		At Serra do Mar, 6 malaria cases were identified during that period in Engenheiro Ferraz, 2 in Pai Mathias and 1 in Balneario Esmeralda, although within a broader area of Serra do Mar, including districts we did not cover in our study, the total amounted to 33 cases.
	www.bioline.org.br /request?oc97047 (4636 words)

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