
	Where results make sense

Topic: Servitude

	Indentured servant - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Indentured servitude was a normal part of the landscape in England and Ireland during the 1600s.
		An indentured servant's lot in the establishment was often no harder than that of a contemporary apprentice, who was similarly bound by contract and owed hard, unpaid labor while "serving his time." At the end of the allotted time, an indentured servant was given a new suit of clothes and set loose.
		Indentured servitude was a method of increasing the number of residents/emigrants, especially in the British colonies.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Indentured_servitude (1243 words)

	House of Lords - Axis West Developments Ltd. v. Chartwell Land Investments Ltd. (Scotland)
		Servitudes are limitations on the property of the owner of the servient tenement in favour of the owner of the dominant tenement.
		The deed which grants the servitude does not need to define the extent of the servient tenement, because the servient tenement is taken to be the whole of the land over which it is granted which was in the ownership of the grantor at the date of the deed.
		The servitude has the character of a real burden over the whole of the lands which were in the ownership of the proprietor of the servient tenement at the date of the grant.
	www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk /pa/ld199899/ldjudgmt/jd990715/axis.htm (5228 words)

	Servitude (BDSM) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Some submissives gain pleasure and satisfaction from performing services for their dominants, such as serving as a chauffeur, butler, houseboy, or maid.
		The pleasures of servitude are often combined with the pleasures of fetishes, the pleasures of humiliation, or both.
		A submissive may rub his or her dominant's feet because the sub enjoys providing the service, has a foot fetish or enjoys being "lower" than the dominant, or any combination.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Servitude_(BDSM) (111 words)

	servitude -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		The equitable servitude is an invention of the English equity courts in the 19th century.
		The rustic praedial servitudes consisted of three types of rights-of-way (iter, via, actus) and one type of water right (aquaeductus); the urban praedial servitudes were principally concerned with light to and support of buildings.
		Servitude is the general term used to describe all types of forced labor.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9066888?tocId=9066888 (541 words)

	SERVITUDE - Definition
		The state of voluntary or compulsory subjection to a master; the condition of being bound to service; the condition of a slave; slavery; bondage; hence, a state of slavish dependence.
		Note: The object of a servitude is either to suffer something to be done by another, or to omit to do something, with respect to a thing.
		{Personal servitude} (Law), that which arises when the use of a thing is granted as a real right to a particular individual other than the proprietor.
	www.hyperdictionary.com /dictionary/servitude (267 words)

	Advisory Board of Directors: (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		A real or predial servitude is a charge laid on an estate for the use and utility of another estate belonging to another proprietor.
		Rural servitudes are those which are due by an estate to another estate, such as the right of passage over the serving estate, or that which owes the servitude, or to draw water from it, or to water cattle there, or to take coal, lime and wood from it, and the like.
		Urban servitudes are those which are established over a building fur the convenience of another, such as the right of resting the joists in the wall of the serving building, of opening windows which overlook the serving estate, and the like.
	www.balticbankinggroup.com /bbgdicionary/Servitude,%20Servitudes,%20Natural,%20Servitus,%20Servitus%20Luminum,%20Servitus%20Stillicldii,%20Servitus%20Tigni%20Immittendi.htm (585 words)

	Indentured Servitude in Colonial America (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Criminals convicted of a capital crime in England could be transported in lieu of a death sentance (for the theft of an item with a cost of as little as one shilling).
		Servitude also could result from indebtedness, where a person, their spouse or parents owed money, and the person was sold into servitude to recover the debt.
		Abbot Emerson Smith; Colonists in Bondage: White Servitude and Convict Labor in America, 1607-1776.
	www.geocities.com /nai_cilh/servitude.html (788 words)

	[No title]
		It is, in substance and effect, a contract for servitude, with no limitation but that of time; leaving the master to determine what the service should be, and the place where and the person to whom it should be rendered.
		The door would thus be opened for a species of servitude inconsistent with the first and fundamental article of our Declaration of Rights, which, proprio vigore, not only abolished every vestige of slavery then existing in the Commonwealth, but rendered every form of it thereafter legally impossible.
		But involuntary servitude, no matter when it arises, if it be not the result of punishment for crime of which the party has been duly convicted, is as much forbidden by the Constitution as is slavery.
	www.cs.cmu.edu /afs/cs/usr/wbardwel/public/nfalist/robertson_v_baldwin.txt (5961 words)

	Chapter One: Penal Servitude in Early Modern Spain (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		In contrast to its occurrence in antiquity, penal servitude appears to have been used infrequently in the Middle Ages, although it is mentioned as a penalty in Castilian medieval law.
		Thus, for those guilty of capital crimes, penal servitude at hard labor on the galleys was introduced in the reign of Ferdinand and Isabella as an alternative form of corporal punishment more useful to the state than other existing afflictive penalties.
		As the galley squadrons grew in response to the constant warfare between Spain and the Islamic empire in the Mediterranean in the sixteenth century, it became increasingly difficult to man the benches.
	libro.uca.edu /pservitude/psems1.htm (9809 words)

	Reader's Companion to American History - -INDENTURED SERVITUDE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Indentured servitude is sometimes thought of as an adaptation of apprenticeship, but it more closely resembled "service in husbandry," a major source of agricultural labor in early modern England.
		In addition to these voluntary systems, penal servitude became an important source of labor in the eighteenth century when some fifty thousand convicts were shipped to the colonies.
		Isolated cases of indentured servitude among European immigrants appear as late as the 1830s, but the institution was unimportant in the United States after 1800.
	college.hmco.com /history/readerscomp/rcah/html/ah_045000_indenturedse.htm (1157 words)

	[No title]
		The abolition of slavery and involuntary servitude was intended to make every one born in this country a free man, and as such to give him the right to pursue the ordinary avocations of life without other restraint than such as affects all others, and to enjoy equally with them the fruits of his labor.
		"The word 'servitude' implies subjection to the will of another contrary to the common right." A man is in a state of involuntary servitude when he is forced to do, or prevented from doing a thing, not by the law of the State, but by the simple will of another.
		Notwithstanding the 13th Amendment had been adopted -- notwithstanding slavery and involuntary servitude had been legally destroyed -- it was found that the negro was still the helpless victim of the white man. Another amendment was needed; and all the justices of the Supreme Court have told us why the 14th Amendment was adopted.
	www.textfiles.com /politics/INGERSOLL/civilrig.txt (12358 words)

	Galatians - Chapter 4 - Barnes' Notes on the New Testament on StudyLight.org
		In the servitude of sin; or treated as a servant by being bound under the oppressive rites and ceremonies of the law.
		To complete the description, he refers also to the Gentiles, as a condition of worse servitude still, and shows Galatians 4:9 the absurdity of their turning back to a state of bondage of any kind after the glorious deliverance which they had obtained from the degrading servitude of pagan rites.
		Idolatry is always slavery; and the servitude of sinners to their passions and appetites, to lust, and gold, and ambition, is not less galling and severe than was the servitude to the pagan gods or the Jewish rites, or than is the servitude of the African now to a harsh and cruel master.
	www.studylight.org /com/bnn/view.cgi?book=ga&chapter=4&verse=27#Ga4_27 (10692 words)

	Involuntary Servitude Cases
		The involuntary servitude case summaries that follow are important, for these cases reveal the fictions the court has used to legalize certain servitudes and legal remedies that Congress passed shortly after the Civil War that enforce the 13th and 14thamendments.
		For purposes of criminal prosecution under 241 or 1584, the term "involuntary servitude" necessarily means a condition of servitude in which the victim is forced to work for the defendant by the use or threat of physical restraint or physical injury or by the use or threat of coercion through law or the legal process.
		It does not permit slavery or involuntary servitude to be established or maintained through the operation of the criminal law by making it a crime to refuse to submit to the one or to render the service which would constitute the other.
	www.restoreliberty.com /involserv.htm (15352 words)

	Child Servitude in the Global Economy
		Finally, in the fall of 1993, Santosh was rescued by the South Asian Coalition on Child Servitude (SACCS), a group led by Kailash Satyarthi, a charismatic former Brahmin.
		Unable to speak nvhen rescued, Santosh was taken to an Ashram operated by SACCS where therapists, counselors and a family environment slowly unlocked his shuttered mind and enabled him to identify his family and home village and eventually be reunited with them.
		It is not accidental that some 80 percent of India's children in servitude are the children of "Dalits," oppressed low-caste or minoritv tribal people.
	www.webcom.com /hrin/magazine/april96/childwrk.html (2786 words)

	Chapter 8: Penal Servitude in Early Modern Spain (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Yet throughout the colonial period, prisoners were an important source of cheap labor, and their utilization by the state as well as by private interests merits close attention by those interested in colonial labor systems.
		Penal servitude, like slavery, is an excellent example of the survival of classical and medieval influences, but both institutions also existed simultaneously on the Peninsula and in the New World during the colonial period.
		In Spain, convicts could be used only in projects deemed to be in the interest of the state; for example, they labored on the galleys and in the presidios in the service of the king, and were under military control and jurisdiction.
	libro.uca.edu /pservitude/psems8.htm (5136 words)

	White Servitude
		Still, hard as white servitude bore on servants, it was nevertheless not always a happy arrangement for owners, especially for those with little capital and little margin for error: shiftless and disagreeable servants, as well as successful runaways, were common enough to introduce a significant element of risk into this form of labor.
		Marriage without the consent of the master was illegal, and the crimes of fornication and bastardy figure importantly in the records of bound servitude- not surprisingly, when we realize how many of the servant population were between the ages of eighteen and thirty.
		For example, in Maryland, where a freed servant in the seventeenth century was entitled to 50 acres of land upon showing his certificate of freedom at the office of the land office secretary, the records show that relatively few became farmers, though many assumed their land rights and sold them for cash.
	www.mc.cc.md.us /Departments/hpolscrv/whiteser.html (7542 words)

	FindLaw for Legal Professionals - Case Law, Federal and State Resources, Forms, and Code
		This was an appeal from a judgment of the district court for the Northern district of California, rendered August 5, 1895, dismissing a writ of habeas corpus issued upon the petition of Robert Robertson, P. Olsen, John Bradley, and Morris Hanson.
		That the authority is a most convenient one to intrust to such officers cannot be denied, as seamen frequently leave their vessels in small places, where there are no federal judicial officers, and where a justice of the peace may usually be found, with authority to issue warrants under the state laws.
		Service in the army or navy of one's country according to the terms of enlistment never implies slavery or involuntary servitude, even where the soldier or sailor is required against his will to respect the terms upon which he voluntarily engaged to serve the public.
	www.findlaw.com /scripts/getcase.pl?navby=case&court=us&vol=165&invol=275 (6302 words)

	Les servitudes
		Il existe des servitudes de toutes sortes, mais elles peuvent être classifiées en trois catégories suivant leur origine: les servitudes naturelles qui dépendent de la situation des lieux, les servitudes légales imposées par les autorités, et les servitudes créées par les hommes.
		Il faut distinguer les servitudes d'utilité publique, qui visent l'intérêt public, comme par exemple le passage d'une ligne à haute tension, et les servitudes d'intérêt privé, organisées par les règlements publics, comme par exemple une distance à respecter pour la plantation d'arbres.
		Une servitude peut aussi s'éteindre parce qu'elle n'a plus d'intérêt: une même personne devient propriétaire de tous les terrains pour lesquels existait un droit de passage, ou les maisons voisines grevées d'une servitude d'écoulement réciproque des eaux sont démolies.
	www.notaire.be /info/acheter/440_acte_notarie_servitudes.htm (636 words)

	Boston.com / News / Local / Conn. / Attorney asks court to end "servitude," allow Puerto Rico to vote (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		A Puerto Rican attorney asked a federal appeals court Friday to end "the state of servitude" that island residents find themselves in and allow them to vote in the upcoming presidential election.
		It's unjust that Puerto Ricans in the U.S. military will defend Iraqis and Afghans as they elect new leaders, but can't vote for their own commander in chief, attorney Gregorio Igartua said in his argument before the 1st U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals in Boston.
		An attorney for U.S. Department of Justice asked the court to endorse two prior rulings, in which it denied Puerto Ricans the right to vote until the U.S. territory becomes a state, or the Constitution is amended to allow it.
	www.boston.com /news/local/connecticut/articles/2004/10/08/attorney_asks_court_to_end_servitude_allow_puerto_rico_to_vote (609 words)

	Involuntary Servitude and Peonage (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Whoever knowingly and willfully holds to involuntary servitude or sells into any condition of involuntary servitude, any other person for any term, or brings within the United States any person so held, shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than 10 years, or both.
		Section 1581 of Title 18 makes it unlawful to hold a person in "debt servitude," or peonage, which is closely related to involuntary servitude.
		In addition, the victim's involuntary servitude must be tied to the payment of a debt.
	www.usdoj.gov /crt/crim/1581fin.htm (338 words)

	Legal Definition of 'Involuntary Servitude & Peonage'
		INVOLUNTARY SERVITUDE and PEONAGE - a condition of compulsory service or labor performed by one person, against his will, for the benefit of another person due to force, threats, intimidation or other similar means of coercion and compulsion directed against him.
		In considering whether service or labor was performed by someone against his will or involuntarily, it makes no difference that the person may have initially agreed, voluntarily, to render the service or perform the work.
		It must be shown that a person held to involuntary servitude was so held for a 'term.' It is not necessary, however, that any specific period of time be proved so long as the 'term' of the involuntary service was not wholly insubstantial or insignificant.
	www.lectlaw.com /def/i071.htm (313 words)

	News/Features \| Pakistan’s slave trade (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Fewer still know that, in the process of imposing Islamic law on the land, he created a culture of servitude for the poor.
		Indentured servitude is not only legal but ubiquitous in Pakistan, and servant culture thrives: the wealthy can have a driver, three maids, a cook, and a night watchman for less than $75 a month.
		Deep unemployment, combined with poor or no public education, creates a culture of servitude where no one has means and even the relatively well-off will do almost anything for money.
	www.bostonphoenix.com /boston/news_features/top/features/documents/02161800.htm (608 words)

	Search Results for servitude - Encyclopædia Britannica
		Both Roman law and English common law recognized that an owner of land could voluntarily part with a right or privilege with regard to his land so that a neighbour might use the land in a way that...
		The rustic praedial servitudes consisted of three types of rights-of-way (iter, via, actus) and one type of water right (aquaeductus); the...
		form of involuntary servitude, the origins of which have been traced as far back as the Spanish conquest of Mexico, when the conquerors were able to force the poor, especially the Indians, to work...
	www.britannica.com /search?query=servitude&submit=Find&source=MWTAB (405 words)

	ABC News: Report: Fla. Homeless Lured Into Servitude (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Officials are investigating whether conditions at the farmworker camp run by labor contractor Ronald Robert Evans which was raided earlier this month by federal and local agents amounted to modern-day slavery.
		He was released on $50,000 bond and ordered to have no contact with the camp, a parcel of land off a dirt enclosed by chain-link fence topped with barbed wire.
		Observers say the case is unusual because the allegations of indentured servitude involve U.S. citizens.
	abcnews.go.com /US/wireStory?id=839483 (378 words)

	Eaton Children (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Although many families entered the colony in servitude, another important source of servants was the practice of some families of "putting out" one or more children.
		Samuel Eddy, for example, although the son of an English minister and university graduate, did not seem to prosper in Plymouth, and he and his wife, "by reason of many wants lying on them," were forced to put out several children as servants.
		Benjamin was to be taught to read and write, and at the end of his term he would get £5 or a cow.
	www.mayflowerfamilies.com /enquirer/servitude.htm (357 words)

	Understanding Maryland Records, Indentured Servants - Maryland State Archives
		A person could be placed in servitude by the action of a county court.
		In 1773, for example, a Frederick County female servant was adjudged for bastardy, having a child "begot by a Negro." The child had been born free because that was the status of the mother.
		The white mother was sold for 7 years of servitude and her mulatto daughter, 11 months old, was sold as a servant to serve until age of 31 years.
	www.mdarchives.state.md.us /msa/refserv/html/servant.html (352 words)

Try your search on: Qwika (all wikis)