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Topic: Seven Cities of Cibola

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	Quivira and Cíbola - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Quivira and Cíbola are two of the fantastic Seven Cities of Gold existing only in a myth that originated around the year 1150 when the Moors conquered Mérida, Spain.
		The myth of the seven cities of gold drew the Conquistadors northward through the Jornada del Muerto, the Llano Estacado (Staked Plains), in which they encountered a "Sea of Grass", and finally, the French colonists, who successfully resisted their further northward advance.
		He claimed that they had seen a city very far away and greater than the great Tenochtitlan; in this city, the people used dishes of gold and silver, decorated their houses with turquoise, and had gigantic pearls, emeralds, and other beautiful gems.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Quivira_and_C%C3%ADbola (1141 words)

	GREAT EPOCHS IN AMERICAN HISTORY
		In 1513, a hundred and seven years before the landing of the Pilgrims at Plymouth, Balboa scaled the continental backbone at Darien and unfurled the flag of Spain by the waters of the Pacific.
		Thus, we see plainly how the Cibola myth arose and grew; and why most official Spanish reports of the conquest of the Aztecs were so distorted by false conceptions of the conquered people as in some particulars to be of light value as material for history.
		The Cibola cities were found to be but mud pueblos in Arizona and New Mexico, with the aspect of which we are to-day familiar; while the mild-tempered inhabitants, destitute of wealth, peacefully practising their crude industries and tilling their irrigated field, were foemen hardly worthy of Castilian steel.
	www.usgennet.org /usa/topic/preservation/epochs/vol1/pg118.htm (1069 words)

	The Seven Cities ofCibola
		I am curious as to what these seven cities were and why they thought they would be in Wyoming.
		The tale of the Seven Cities of Cibola is a twisted tale of greed, destruction, self-deception, and the human imagination.
		This was the first time the Spaniards had heard of the country called Cibola which was from then on linked to the Seven Cities.
	home.earthlink.net /~jjwhitt/DrX2/SevenCities.html (1218 words)

	The Seven Cities of Cibola
		The Seven Cities of Cibola were seven legendary cities that, according to some, is now the area of Southwestern United States.
		So, we know then that Atzlan is the legendary homeland of the Aztec people, and the Seven Cities of Cibola or sometimes referred to as the "City of Cibola" was the location where the Aztec's supposedly began life ((The origins of life for Aztecs describes the first people as emerging from seven caves)).
		As I said, Stephen [Esteban] reached Cibola laden with the large quantity of turquoises they had given him and some beautiful women whom the Indians who followed him and carried his things were taking with them and had given him.
	www.angelfire.com /trek/forthetruth/cibola.html (769 words)

	About the Zuni Pueblo, and Zuni pueblo indians of North America.
		It was built upon the ruins of the ancient site of Halona, one of the fabled "Seven Golden Cities of Cibola" sought by the Spanish conquistador Francisco Coronado in 1540 A.D. Ruins of other "cities" may be found along the Zuni River watershed.
		The Spanish heard tales of seven cities built and paved with gold far to the north.
		The Cibola cities were destroyed when Apaches, Navajos and other nomadic tribes over-ran the area during the 15th and 16th centuries.
	www.acomazuni.com /zuni.cfm (593 words)

	Historic Monument Of The Southwest
		The myth of the Seven Cities of Cibola, each a city of vast treasure, the growth of years of rumor, seems to have perfected itself back home in Spain.
		The twice-born myth of Quivira, city of gold, which cost thousands of lives and hundreds of thousands of Spanish ducats, lives even to-day in remote neighborhoods of the southwest.
		Fifty years after Coronado, the myth of Quivira was born again; thereafter it wandered homeless, the inspiration of constant search, and finally settled in the ruins of the ancient pueblo of Tabira, or, as Bandelier has it, Teypana, New Mexico; ' the myth of the seven cities never wholly perished.
	www.oldandsold.com /articles14/national-parks-71.shtml (714 words)

	Cibola County - nmdwi.org
		Cibola County was created in 1981 from what had been western Valencia County.
		This fabled “Seven Cities of Cibola” — for which Cibola County was named — was a mythical land whose seven cities' golden treasures drew the Conquistadors northward through the Jornada del Muerto Desert.
		The County seat of Cibola County is the City of Grants.
	www.nmdwi.org /Cibola (209 words)

	DailyCamera: State/west
		That myth held that seven Catholic bishops fled Portugal in A.D. 714 to avoid the Moorish occupation.
		One might have been drafted by Joan Martines in 1578, which depicted the Seven Cities of Cibola between the 34th and 39th latitude north in the interior of North America near a large river.
		Further stoking Bailey's interest in Spanish exploration in and around the mesa was the 1920s-era discovery of a Spanish coin dated to 1529 on the banks of the Colorado River near the crossing of the northern branch of the Spanish Trail near Grand Junction.
	dailycamera.com /bdc/state_news/article/0,1713,BDC_2419_4800044,00.html (964 words)

	Esteban Furthered Legend
		Born in the city of Azemmour, Morocco, around 1503, Estebán is presumed to have been captured and Christianized in 1513, when his village was attacked by King Manuel I of Portugal.
		The men thought they were on the verge of discovering the Seven Cities of Cíbola.
		Because Estebán was recognized for his contributions as a fluent translator and for knowing the general location of the Seven Cities of Cíbola, the Viceroy of Cities of Cíbola, the Viceroy of Mexico, Antonio de Mendoza, asked all four men to lead an expedition back to the area.
	www.epcc.edu /nwlibrary/borderlands/17_esteban_furthered_legend.htm (1213 words)

	Coronado Searched for Cities of Gold
		According to historian Warren Beck, seven bishops and their parishes fled from Moorish conquerors of the Spanish city of Mérida.
		In 1540, Viceroy Mendoza gave Coronado the authority to seek the legendary Seven Cities of Cíbola.
		The expedition, tired and hungry, reached an adobe settlement and thought it was one of the legendary Seven Cities of Cíbola.
	www.epcc.edu /ftp/Homes/monicaw/borderlands/17_coronado_searched.htm (949 words)

	Cibola
		The seven Cities of Cibola Was very wealthy.
		Cabeza de Vaca was the spanish guy who planned the expedition of the seven cities.
		The Seven Cities were named after the many buffalo that lived there.
	www.npatterson.net /kayla/kcibola.html (35 words)

	[No title]
		This Cross of seven Temple is a potpourri of Quetzalcoatl symbols of the flame for purity, strength, secrecy, safety, Venus, tomb and vault.
		The occult seven attribute is the sun flame symbol of Quetzalcoatl.
		A clue: We will see that number seven, in the symbol attribute of Quetzalcoatl in the cross of Quetzalcoatl picture number eight, was the fulfillment of their mythology.
	www.geocities.com /Baja/Outback/5018/Aztec-1.html (5681 words)

	Francisco Vasquez de Coronado
		The specific areas they journeyed into are not well documented, but the failure to find the Seven Cities of Cibola led to the disinterest of the Spaniards to investigate the area for some time.
		The journey of Coronado, 1540-1542, from the city of Mexico to the Grand Canon of the Colorado and the buffalo plains of Texas, Kansas and Nebraska, as told by himself and his followers, translated and edited with an introd., by George Parker Winship.
		Coronado's march in search of the "seven cities of Cibola" : and discussion of their probable location / by General J.H. Simpson.
	jeff.scott.tripod.com /coronado.html (347 words)

	Francisco Vázquez de Coronado (DesertUSA)
		Seeking the fabled Seven Golden Cities of Cibola, his expedition of 1,400 men and 1,500 animals found only poor Indian villages, but established Spain's later claim to the entire Desert Southwest.
		These fabulous cities were first reported by Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca who, after being shipwrecked off Florida in 1528, had wandered through what later became Texas and northern Mexico before his rescue in 1536.
		Coronado returned to Mexico City, where he died the same year, decades before his chronicle of the expedition was finally published.
	www.desertusa.com /mag98/sep/papr/coronado.html (722 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-30)
		The fabled "Seven Cities of Cibola" appear at the top toward the left, along the Colorado River, and Mexico City is shown in vignette in the lower right.
		Francisco Vasquez de Coronado, governor of New Galicia, incited by the wonderful tales of the "Seven Cities of Cibola", and of Quivira, as told by Fray Marcos on his return, sets out on an expedition accompanied by 300 Spaniards and 800 Indians.
		He explores the country as far north as the Moqui villages of Tusayan, only to find that the wonderful cities of Cibola were the communal houses of the Pueblo Indians.
	www.cosmography.com /catpages/castillo.htm (314 words)

	Francisco Vasquez de Coronado, Spanish explorer
		Earlier Spanish explorers had told of these cities, which were said to be rich in gold and other treasures.
		He claimed to have seen a golden city, Cibola, among the Zuni Indians in the region.
		To the Spaniards' bitter disappointment, the town they thought was the legendary Cibola was not a golden city.
	www.lawtergenealogy.com /bin/histprof/misc/coronado.html (522 words)

	History Culture
		Many expeditions ended in failure, but there were enough successes to keep alive the dream that great wealth lay within the grasp of anyone with the opportunity to seize it.
		After serving as a prominent member of the Mexico City council, he was appointed governor of the northern frontier province of New Galicia.
		Instead of a golden city, they saw only a rock-masonry pueblo occupied by Indians who were prepared to defend their village.
	www.nps.gov /coro/history.htm (984 words)

	A Guidebook to the Carl Barks Universe (test) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-30)
		Carl Barks' tale of the Seven Cities combines both legend and history.
		His interest in Cibola was sparked by a visit to his friend Al Koch, manager of the Riverside County Welfare office in Indio, California.
		The historical surmising about the lost ship of the desert, the final fate of Admiral de Ulloa, and the location of the Seven Cities came from some cursory reading of very old books in the Library at La Jolla a few years previously.
	www.seriesam.com /barks/detc_us0007-02.html (499 words)

	Desert Trails 3
		According to Sauer, Coronado’s trail to the Zuni Pueblos – the illusory kingdom of seven cities – would lead first from Compostela northward parallel to the Pacific coast for about 300 miles to the Spanish outpost of Culiacan.
		As Coronado and his men drew near Hawikuh, the westernmost of the Zuni villages – at last, the presumed golden Seven Cities of Cibola – the Indians briefly assaulted an advance guard, signaling a hostility possibly born of Guzman’s slave raids among tribes to the south.
		("…he did not think it was safe for him to stay in Cibola…," said Castaneda.) En route, the party encountered the main body of the expedition moving northward expectantly, anxious to share in the fabled wealth of the Seven Cities of Cibola.
	www.desertusa.com /mag03/trails/trails03.html (3711 words)

	X/M Articles - La Gran Quivira
		The ancient city of Gran Quivira, near Mountainaire, NM, was nearly destroyed by gold seekers from all parts of the world.
		The gold that a mysterious king from Southern Mexico had transported to the Southwestern United States (Quivira) is also said to be hidden in the Superstition Mountain area, a fact well known by Arizonians and the innumerable prospectors who spend their lives searching for it.
		Ruben Amador, of Silver City, New Mexico, claims that the so-called "Seven Cities of Cibola" are in reality "seven caves" near Silver City.
	www.xpeditionsmagazine.com /magazine/articles/Gene/G2.html (2808 words)

	Handbook of Texas Online: SEVEN CITIES OF CIBOLA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-30)
		Allegedly, in 714 seven Catholic bishops and their faithful followers had fled across the Atlantic to a land known as Antilia, the name of which, incidentally, was the source of the name Antilles, which was initially applied to the West Indian islands of the Caribbean.
		On his return to New Spain, Fray Marcos reported seeing golden cities, the smallest of which was larger than Mexico City.
		Stephen Clissold, The Seven Cities of Cíbola (London: Eyre and Spottiswood, 1961).
	www.tsha.utexas.edu /handbook/online/articles/SS/uxscn_print.html (332 words)

	Abebooks Search Results - Cibola
		Elusive Treasure describes the major controversies surrounding such varied topics as the Spaniards' treatment of the Aztecs and Incas, the destruction of the North American Indians' mysterious ancient burial mounds, and the discovery of the Seven Lost Cities of Cibola.
		A Study of Pueblo Architecture in Tusayan and Cibola.
		This book describes the major controversies surrounding such varied topics as the Spaniard's treatment of the Aztecs and Incas, the destruction of the North American Indians' mysterious ancient burial mounds, and the discovery of the Seven Lost Cities of Cibola.
	www.abebooks.co.uk /search/sortby/3/kn/Cibola (1542 words)

	Coronado (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-30)
		There he learned of the tales of the Spanish explorer Cabeza de Vaca about the Seven Cities of Cíbola, believed to be fabulously rich Native American settlements that were to be found northeast of the province.
		In 1544 Coronado was relieved as governor, and thereafter he lived quietly in Mexico City, where he died on September 22, 1554.
		The account of his explorations, valued for the unique description of the southwestern United States before the European conquest, was published in the 14th report (1896) of the U.S. Bureau of Ethnology.
	www.eldoradoinc.com /coronado.htm (381 words)

	Coronado's Seven Cities: Last Updated 10/18/01
		It lies within sight of the San Pedro River Valley through which the Coronado Expedition first entered the present-day United States in search of the fabled Cities of Cibola.
		Tales of riches in the unknown lands a few hundred miles north of Mexico City had fired Spanish imaginations for many years.
		Coronado's expedition left Mexico City in 1542 with over 300 soldiers, four priests, hundreds of Mexican-Indians, and 1500 stock animals.
	www.over-land.com /st_coronado.html (275 words)

	Coronado (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-30)
		Francisco Vasquez de Coronado (1510-1554), was a Spanish explorer who led an expedition in 1540 in the American Southwest in search of the legendary Seven Cities of Cibola.
		They found that the Seven Cities of Cibola were actually Zuni Indian pueblos.
		In 1510 a Spanish explorer, Francisco Vasquez de Coronado, was in search of the seven cities of Cibola.
	www.wadsworth.k12.oh.us /central/Explorers/Coronado.htm (393 words)

	"Stan Grist's resources for gold prospecting, metal detecting, treasure hunting and exploration."
		The sites of the seven cities are still unknown to the general public today.
		Four of the lost cities are in Southern Ecuador and three of them are in Northern Peru.
		The adventurer, Leonard Clark, correctly discovered and identified three of the seven lost cities in Peru in the 1940's.
	www.stangrist.com /eldorado.htm (862 words)

	Gold, Frankincense, etc.
		A legend developed that told of seven cities settled by oppressed Christians from Spain, and (of course), just like the mythical Heaven of Christians, the seven Cities of Cibola were rumored to be rich in gold and jewels.
		The first European to view a pueblo, Fray Marcos de Niza, saw the Zuni village of Hawikuh in 1539 and he was certain that he had discovered the Seven Cities of Cibola.
		This brought Coronado to the area with his army since they were prepared to seize the treasure-laden cities.
	www.thezephyr.com /native/goldfran.htm (729 words)

	EXPEDITION TO THE SEVEN CITIES
		One reported to Friar Marcos that Estevanico had talked with Indians who knew of seven cities thirty days march to the north.
		Another told that he had been there to the first city in a land called Cibola.
		Marcos de Niza's report was the first to use the word and thus they became the Seven Cities of Cibola.
	www.coax.net /people/lwf/TRN_BT12.HTM (993 words)

	Buy Cibola Vista Resort and Spa Peoria Arizona, United States Timeshare
		Nestled between Lake Pleasant and Phoenix in the West Valley, Arizona's newest luxury resort, the Cibola Vista Resort and Spa takes its name from the fabled "Seven Cities of Cibola," and is the ultimate Vacation Ownership experience!
		The design of the new Cibola Vista Resort and Spa was inspired by the fabled "Seven Cities of Cibola" - the legendary cities of gold and silver that Francisco Coronado sought throughout his exploration of the American Southwest.
		The resort will be configured into seven interrelated "cities," each consisting of 40 two-bedroom lock-off villas.
	www.sellmytimesharenow.com /details.php?idadd=71924 (567 words)

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