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	Ecumenical council - Open Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		In Catholicism and Eastern Orthodoxy, an ecumenical council is a meeting of the bishops of the whole church convened to discuss and settle matters of Church doctrine and practice.
		Council of Siena, (1423-1424) is the high point of conciliarism, emphasizing the leadership of the bishops gathered in council.
		Council of Trent, (1545-1563, discontinuously); response to the challenges of Calvinism and Lutheranism; imposition of uniformity in liturgy in the Roman Rite.
	open-encyclopedia.com /Ecumenical_council (1815 words)

	Ecumenical council (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		In Catholicism and Eastern Orthodoxy, an ecumenical council (Greek, Oikumene/Οικυμενη, "World-wide" or "General") is a meeting of the bishops of the whole church convened to discuss and settle matters of Church doctrine and practice.
		The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints rejects the early ecumenical councils for what they see as misguided human attempts without divine assistance to decide matters of doctrine as if doctrine were handed down by democratic debate or politics rather than revelation.
		That such councils were even considered is evidence enough to them that the original Christian church had fallen into apostasy and was no longer directly led by divine authority.
	www.1-free-software.com /en/wikipedia/e/ec/ecumenical_council.html (1310 words)

	Ecumenical council -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Study of the canons of church councils is the foundation of the development of (The body of codified laws governing the affairs of a Christian church) canon law, especially the reconciling of seemingly contradictory canons or the determination of priority between them.
		This and all subsequent councils are not recognized by (Derived from the Byzantine Church and adhering to Byzantine rites) Eastern Orthodox Church.
		That convening such councils was even considered is evidence enough to them that the original Christian church had fallen into (The act of abandoning a party or cause) apostasy and was no longer directly led by divine authority.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/e/ec/ecumenical_council.htm (2268 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: General Councils
		Councils are legally convened assemblies of ecclesiastical dignitaries and theological experts for the purpose of discussing and regulating matters of church doctrine and discipline.
		Ecumenical Councils are those to which the bishops, and others entitled to vote, are convoked from the whole world (oikoumene) under the presidency of the pope or his legates, and the decrees of which, having received papal confirmation, bind all Christians.
		The Councils of Constance and of Basle affirmed with great emphasis that an Ecumenical council is superior in authority to the pope, and French theologians have adopted that proposition as one of the famous four Gallican Liberties.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/04423f.htm (12462 words)

	Encyclopedia: Seventh Ecumenical Council (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The Second Council of Nicaea was the seventh ecumenical council of Christianity; it met in 787 CE in Nicaea (site of the First Council of Nicaea) to restore the honoring of icons (or, holy images), which had been suppressed by imperial edict inside the Byzantine Empire during the reign of Leo III (717 - 741).
		However, as a council claiming to be ecumenical had abolished the veneration of icons, another ecumenical council was necessary for its restoration.
		The papal legates voiced their approval of the restoration of the veneration of icons in no uncertain terms, and the patriarch sent a full account of the proceedings of the council to Hadrian, who caused the same to be translated, which translation Anastasius later replaced with a better one.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Seventh-Ecumenical-Council (585 words)

	Second Council of Nicaea - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The Second Council of Nicaea was the seventh ecumenical council of Christianity; it met in 787 AD in Nicaea (site of the First Council of Nicaea) to restore the honoring of icons (or, holy images), which had been suppressed by imperial edict inside the Byzantine Empire during the reign of Leo III (717 - 741).
		When, in 784, the imperial secretary Patriarch Tarasius was appointed successor to the Patriarch Paul IV, he accepted on the condition that intercommunion with the other churches should be reestablished; that is, that the images should be restored.
		However, a council, claiming to be ecumenical, had abolished the veneration of icons, so another ecumenical council was necessary for its restoration.
	www.arikah.net /encyclopedia/Seventh_Ecumenical_Council (577 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Second Council of Nicaea
		Seventh Ecumenical Council of the Catholic Church, held in 787.
		Afterwards the dogmatic decree was presented, and was signed by all the members present, by the archimandrites of the monasteries, and by some monks; the papal legates added a declaration to the effect that they were ready to receive all who had abandoned the Iconoclastic heresy.
		The last (eighth) was held in the Magnaura Palace, at Constantinople, in presence of the empress and her son, on 23 October.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/11045a.htm (1360 words)

	Council of Nicaea, Nicea (325)
		The council was also important for its disciplinary decisions concerning the status and jurisdiction of the clergy in the early church and for establishing the date on which Easter is celebrated.
		The Second Council of Nicaea, the seventh ecumenical council of the Christian church, was convoked by the Byzantine empress Irene in 787 to rule on the use of saints' images and icons in religious devotion.
		The main purpose of the council was to attempt to heal the schism in the church provoked by Arianism.
	www.thenazareneway.com /council_of_nicaea_nicea_325.htm (1337 words)

	The Seven Ecumenical Councils of the Orthodox Catholic Church
		The Canons of the Apostles are confirmed by c.II of the 6th Ecumenical Council and c.I of the 7th Ecumenical Council.
		The Council of Constantinople of 448 strove mainly to ascertain whether Eutyches was in agreement with the epistle of Saint Cyril (referred to above) and with the words of the confession of John of Antioch.
		In history this council has not come to be known as the Fourth Ecumenical Council, but rather the "Robbers' Council," for the activity it directed was not for the triumph of Orthodoxy, but for heretical beliefs proposed by Eutyches.
	www.trinitystudy.com /articles_e/councils.htm (7487 words)

	Seventh Ecumenical Council
		The aim was to unite the church and to condemn the decrees passed by the council of 338 bishops held at Hiereia and St Mary of Blachernae in 754.
		The convocation of the council was announced to Pope Hadrian I (772-795) in a letter of Constantine VI and Irene, dated 29 August 784.
		The council, which was summoned by an imperial edict in the summer of 786, met for the first time on 1 August 786, in the presence of Emperor Constantine and Empress Irene.
	members.aol.com /DSeraphim/7.html (4457 words)

	Ecumenical council (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Since the seventh ecumenical council, the Eastern Orthodox have had what they call Pan-Orthodox councils with representatives of all Eastern Orthodox churches, but they have not claimed that these councils were ecumenical.
		Their differences in understanding of the nature and relationship of the Son and the Spirit to the Trinity were worked out and defined at those councils, and so they broke away from union with the larger body.
		Council of Chalcedon, (451); described and delineated the two natures of Christ, human and divine; adoption of the Chalcedonian Creed.
	www.city-search.org /ec/ecumenical-council.html (1257 words)

	Second Council of Nicaea : Seventh Ecumenical Council (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The Second Council of Nicaea was the seventh ecumenical council; it met in Nicaea in A.D. to restore the honoring of icons or holy images, which had been suppressed by imperial edict inside the Byzantine Empire during the reign of Leo III (717-741).
		When in 784 the imperial secretary Tarasius[?] was appointed successor to the patriarch Paul IV[?], he accepted on condition that the intercommunion with the other churches should be reestablished, that is, that the images should be restored.
		The council was again summoned to meet, this time in Nicaea, since Constantinople was still distrusted, assembling Sept.
	www.explainthis.info /se/seventh-ecumenical-council.html (633 words)

	Melkite Greek Catholic Church Information Center Seventh Ecumenical Council also called The Second Council of Nicaea in ...
		In 787, Seventh Ecumenical Council was convoked by Emperor Constantine VI and his mother Irene, under Pope Adrian I. The Seventh Ecumenical Council was presided over by the legates of Pope Adrian.
		In 787, the Seventh Ecumenical Council declared that we worship only Holy God, but we venerate or reverence the person being depicted on the ikons, not the wood or paint of the ikons.
		The Seventh Ecumenical Council declared that ikons are proper in churches and homes, because they help Christians pray by reminding us of the presence of Holy God the Son within the Holy Trinity / Our Lord, God and Savior, Jesus Christ and the Saints.
	www.mliles.com /melkite/councilsecumenical7.shtml (619 words)

	Panayiotis Christou - Testimonia neglected by the Seventh Ecumenical Council
		Panayiotis Christou - Testimonia neglected by the Seventh Ecumenical Council
		Indeed, the use of anthologies was hardly an appropriate strategy for a Council intended to make decisions Î¿n such an important problem in the Church, because it was so easy to cast doubt Î¿n the authenticity of the passages in such collections.
		But an ecumenical Council, like Nicaea ÎÎ, was required to work Î¿n the basis of valid evidence, selected in accordance with the strictest criteria.
	www.myriobiblos.gr /texts/english/christou_7ecum_1.html (639 words)

	Short Summaries of the Ecumenical Councils
		The Council condemned and repudiated the heresy of Arius and affirmed the immutable truth, the dogma that the Son of God is true God, born of God the Father before all ages, and is eternal, as is God the Father; He was begotten, and not made, and is of one essence with God the Father.
		The Council was called because of the false doctrine of Nestorius, Archbishop of Constantinople, who profanely taught that the Most-holy Virgin Mary simply gave birth to the man Christ, with whom then God united morally and dwelled in Him, as in a temple, as previously He had dwelled in Moses and other prophets.
		The Council reiterated its censure of the heresies of Nestorius and Eutychius.
	www.orthodoxphotos.com /readings/LGFLS/summaries.shtml (1562 words)

	Father Vladimir Demshuk - Seventh Ecumenical Council Restores Icons (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Both historically and theologically the 7th Ecumenical Council held in 787 AD is important in the Orthodox Church.
		The 7th Ecumenical Council is the council of the icon controversy.
		The 7th Ecumenical Council was concerned with another aspect of icons related to a Christological argument-the question about the manhood of Christ.
	users.adelphia.net /~vlad1944/art-08.htm (497 words)

	Untitled Document
		Furthermore, Augustine and the councils of Hippo and Carthage are in conflict with Trent on the canonical status of I Esdras.
		While the Council of Florence in the mid-fifteenth century passed a decree on the canon similar to that at Trent, the actual practice of the Church as a whole was to exclude the Apocrypha from the canon until the Council of Trent one hundred years later.
		This Ecumenical Council considered the decrees of the Council of Trullo to have promulgated decrees of the Sixth Ecumenical Council.
	www.christiantruth.com /sippocanon.html (6256 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The Seventh Ecumenical Council adhered to the theology expressed by Saint John of Damascus, and the decisions rendered in 787 rested heavily on his application of Scripture to the sacred images, as well as his definitions of veneration and worship.
		Ecumenical Councils By Rev. Emmanuel Mantzouris Seventh Ecumenical Council This Council was convened to deal with the issue of icons.
		Prior to the Seventh Ecumenical Council, in 753, a council was held which condemned the veneration of icons by Christians, and thereby called for the removal of these sacred images from churches, from homes, and from public places.
	www.uocofusa.org /offices/ORE/ore-0201.doc (3276 words)

	Ancient Epitome of the Sacred Canons
		Seventh Ecumenical Synod was convened at Nicaea, in 787, called by Empress Irene, with 350 bishops present.
		We gladly embrace the Divine Canons, viz.: those of the Holy Apostles, of the Six Ecumenical Synods, also of the local synods and of our Holy Fathers, as inspired by one and the same Holy Spirit.
		This is the last of the Seven Ecumenical Councils.
	www.apostle1.com /ancientcanons07.htm (559 words)

	Medieval Sourcebook: The Second Council of Nicea, 787
		Excursus On the Reception of the Seventh Council.
		Gibbon thus describes the Seventh Ecumenical Council of the Christian Church: "The decrees were framed by the president (1) Tarasius, and ratified by the acclamations and subscriptions of three hundred and fifty bishops.
		The test of the ecumenicity of a council is not its acceptance by a subsequent synod, but its acceptance by the whole Church, and this Dr. Neale frankly confesses is the case with regard to II.
	www.fordham.edu /halsall/basis/nicea2.html (13964 words)

	Seventh Ecumenical Council - OrthodoxWiki
		The Seventh Ecumenical Council took place in Nicaea in 787 AD, and is also known as the Second Council of Nicaea.
		The last of the seven Ecumenical Councils dealt with the icons.
		Disputes concerning the Person of Christ did not end with the sixth Council in AD 681, but continued through the eighth and ninth centuries.
	orthodoxwiki.org /Seventh_Ecumenical_Council (938 words)

	Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, Series II, Vol. XIV (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Excursus on the Conciliabulum Styling Itself the Seventh Ecumenical Council, But Commonly Called the Mock Synod of Constantinople.
		It seems, however, that in order to render the meaning of the action of the last of the Ecumenical Councils clear it is necessary to provide an account of the synod which was held to condemn what it so shortly afterward expressly approved.
		The new patriarch Constantinus, presented by the emperor to the council the last day of its session, was forced to foreswear images, to attend banquets, to eat and drinkfreely against his monastic vows, to wear garlands, to witness the coarse spectacles and hear the coarse language which entertained the Emperor.
	www.ccel.org /fathers2/NPNF2-14/Npnf2-14-164.htm (1073 words)

	Talk:Veneration - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The practice of veneration is widely considered by Protestants to be idolatry.
		I'm not sure if the Seventh Ecumenical Council link is sufficiently relevant, but if so, the probably iconoclasm should be there as well ?
		I've tried to indicate the 7th E. Council's significance, and included a link to iconoclasm too.
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Talk:Veneration (838 words)

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