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Seveso disaster

accident at Seveso

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	Environment - Civil Protection - Publications
		In Europe, following the Seveso accident in 1976 prompted the adoption of legislation aimed at the prevention and control of such accidents.
		The Seveso II Directive applies to some thousands of industrial establishments where dangerous substances are present in quantities exceeding the thresholds in the directive.
		The "Seveso" accident happened in 1976 at a chemical plant in Seveso, Italy, manufacturing pesticides and herbicides.
	ec.europa.eu /environment/seveso/index.htm (630 words)

	EUROPA - Environment - Chemical Accidents (SEVESO)
		In Europe, following the Seveso accident in 1976 prompted the adoption of legislation aimed at the prevention and control of such accidents.
		The Seveso II Directive applies to some thousands of industrial establishments where dangerous substances are present in quantities exceeding the thresholds in the directive.
		The "Seveso" accident happened in 1976 at a chemical plant in Seveso, Italy, manufacturing pesticides and herbicides.
	europa.eu.int /comm/environment/seveso/index.htm (618 words)

	The story of the poisoning of Seveso, Italy
		The Seveso accident is likely the most systematically studied dioxin contamination incident in history and, in Mocarelli's words, a chance experiment on human beings.
		In addition, research using the Seveso samples taken over the last two decades may help determine what dioxin levels are dangerous, and help in making more accurate risk assessments in other nations.
		Beneath Seveso Oak Forest's grassy undulations are two massive concrete tanks -- the resting place of the top 40 cm of soil removed after the explosion.
	www.getipm.com /articles/seveso-italy.htm (1268 words)

	4 Seveso: A paradoxical classic disaster
		One of the most remarkable features of the Seveso experience was that neither the residents nor the local and regional authorities suspected that the ICMESA plant was a source of risk.
		Moreover, at Seveso as well as Flixborough, "changes had been made in plant or processes which compromised the safety of the facilities but were not communicated to authorities responsible for public health and safety" (Otway and Amendola 1989: 507).
		Although the Seveso Directive grew out of deficiencies in the existing system of industrial regulation, it is not simply intended to provide protection against hazards: it is also designed to equalize the burden of regulation on industry.
	www.unu.edu /unupress/unupbooks/uu21le/uu21le09.htm (4853 words)

	Cefic
		Managing Processes: Seveso II Cefic has made significant input to the EC’s Seveso II Directive Amendment Proposal, which seeks to prevent and mitigate the consequences of major accident hazards of industrial installations.
		The Seveso II Directive is central to the EU’s Major Accident Hazard Legislation.
		The Seveso Directive was adopted in 1982, aiming at the prevention and control of major accidents.
	www.cefic.org /Templates/shwStory.asp?NID=471&HID=393 (206 words)

	Seveso disaster - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Seveso disaster was an industrial accident that occurred around 12:37 pm July 10, 1976 in a small chemical manufacturing plant approximately 25 km north of Milan in the Lombardy region in Italy.
		Seveso is a small town with the population of 17,000 in 1976, other affected neighbourhood communities were Meda (19,000), Desio (33,000), Caesano Maderno (34,000) and to a lesser extent Barlassina (6,000) and Bovisio Masciago (11,000).
		The Seveso Directive was updated in 1999, amended again in 2005 and is currently referred to as the Seveso II Directive (or COMAH Regulations in the United Kingdom).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Seveso_disaster (2157 words)

	Seveso - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Seveso is an Italian town and comune of 19,872 inhabitants situated in the Province of Milan, in the Region of Lombardy.
		Seveso's origins data back to about the third century BC, when certain areas around Brianza were used as military staging posts for the Roman conquest of Gaul.
		In the unification of the Kingdom of Italy, territory from Barlassina was passed to Seveso.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Seveso (401 words)

	[No title]
		The Seveso disaster has somehow settled in the collective consciousness as a symbol of the dark side of advanced technology and the first significant incident that made it clear that the application of advanced technology in industry implied an array of risks.
		Seveso Zone A has a solid fence and inside the Zone is the park with trees and bushes, succeeded by vistas across small green meadows.
		Seveso Zone A is a place where the scientific idea of nature, which unfolds in the laboratory, has fused with the romantic idea of nature.
	www.infopool.org.uk /seveso.htm (750 words)

	EIoP: Text 2004-019: Full Text
		The overall institutional structure to implement Seveso II was available, but inspectors were used to especially checking the technical details of individual installations and now had to change their working practice in order to focus on the general management of the entire establishment.
		Seveso II in the Netherlands and the United Kingdom), paradigmatic changes are not required, and therefore transformation is not to be expected (neither is a ‘strong’ reaction as retrenchment to be expected).
		The Seveso II case seems to demonstrate that the salience of a topic stimulates or triggers the facilitating function of mediating factors.
	eiop.or.at /eiop/texte/2004-019.htm (8149 words)

	Seveso II Directive (96/82/EC) (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The Seveso II Directive was adopted in 1996 and replaced the original Seveso Directive of 1982.
		Seveso II is wider in scope than the original Directive and was last amended in December 2003.
		Following two other major accidents, the first at Bhopal India in 1984 and the second at Basel, Switzerland, in 1986, the Seveso II Directive was adopted, which fully replaced the original Directive.
	www.scienceinthebox.com /en_UK/sustainability/directive-seveso_en.html (168 words)

	Shared Spaces - Feedback
		Seveso remained in the news for a long time as various studies were published.
		The first Seveso Directive was adopted in June 1982 (Directive 82/501/EEC) and was aimed at improving the safety of industrial sites, planning for off-site emergencies, and coping with broader regional and further-reaching aspects of industrial safety.
		The second Seveso Directive, issued in 1996 further strengthened the role of the public, and established that information supplied to the people be updated and made available regularly.
	www2.vrom.nl /pagina.html?id=5969 (4891 words)

	Seveso: A chronology of events (2 of 6)
		Dr Paoletti and Dr Barni visit the mayor of Seveso and request that the inhabitants of the presumably affected areas be warned not to eat or even touch fruit and vegetables.
		Dr Giuseppe Reggiani, director of Clinical Research at Roche Basel, is instructed by the management of Roche to investigate the possible effects of the accident on the health of the Icmesa employees and the local population and to take all necessary measures to prevent or treat any damage to health.
		Dr Reggiani, who has already spoken with the mayor of Seveso in order to have the population evacuated, tries the same morning to speak at the meeting at the prefect's office in Milan to recommend this urgent measure.
	www.dcs.gla.ac.uk /research/gaag/level4_99/nunziog/ricerca/1976.html (3074 words)

	Danube Watch 1/2004 - Reacting to major accidents: Seveso II Directive amended
		In 1999, the obligations of the Seveso II Directive become mandatory for industry as well as for the public authorities in the fifteen EU countries.
		When proposing the amendment to Seveso II in 2001, Margot Wallström, the EU's Environment Commissioner, said: “Even if we cannot eliminate the risk of industrial accidents altogether in modern societies, we must ensure that European legislation aiming to reduce such risks to a minimum is adapted and improved”.
		It is true that the Seveso legislation imposes burdens on the chemical industry - an argument often used by those opposing changes in the legislation.
	www.icpdr.org /icpdr/static/dw2004_1/dw0104p05.htm (751 words)

	seveso (Site not responding. Last check: )
		On July 10, 1976 a chemical plant in Milan, near the town of Seveso, released a toxic vapor cloud during a 20 minutes period that covered a large area containing persons, crops, animals, and land.
		One of the safety plates within a reactor had ruptured during a week-end shut down for plant maintenance.
		Their findings are consistent with previous experimental and epidemiologic investigations and further support the hypothesis that dioxin has the potential to cause cancer in people.
	www-unix.oit.umass.edu /~envhl565/hot/hot/seveso.html (440 words)

	Icmesa chemical company, Seveso, Italy. 9th July 1976
		Among the substances of the white cloud released was a small deposit of TCCD, a highly toxic material.
		The nearby town of Seveso, located 15 miles from Milan, had some 17,000 inhabitants.
		Over the next few days following the release there was much confusion due to the lack of communication between the company and the authorities in dealing with this type of situation.
	www.hse.gov.uk /comah/sragtech/caseseveso76.htm (462 words)

	Dioxin Update from Seveso
		Much to the chagrin of EPA and the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), updated results from the dioxin-exposed Seveso population are in.
		In 1976, a chemical facility explosion in Seveso, Italy exposed a large population to relatively high levels of dioxin.
		The study population was classified by estimated exposure: Zone A soil had the highest levels of dioxin; Zone B soil was next; and Zone R soils had the least dioxin.
	www.junkscience.com /news/seveso.html (276 words)

	Zeitschrift Soziale Medizin » Seveso, Tschernobyl, Schweizerhalle - und das Erdbeben von Basel
		Seveso, Tschernobyl, Schweizerhalle - und das Erdbeben von Basel
		Vor 30 Jahren ereignete sich die Chemiekatastrophe von Seveso, und vor 20 Jahren diejenige von Schweizerhalle.
		Uns in der Schweiz machte “Seveso” aber vor allem deshalb betroffen, weil ein schweizer Chemiekonzern involviert war, der das Ausmass der Katastrophe solange wie möglich vertuschte und damit rechtzeitige Schutzmassnahmen verhinderte.
	www.sozialemedizin.ch /archiv_wp/181006 (695 words)

	RIVM - Seveso
		The Seveso II Directive applies to all establishments where dangerous preparations or substances are present or are believed to be generated during loss of control in quantities equal to or in excess of the appropriate threshold.
		More details on the Seveso II requirements can be found in the Seveso II Directive publicised in the Official Journal of the European Community NO. L010, 14/01/1997, pages 13-33.
		In the Netherlands, the Seveso II Directive has been implemented by the Decree on Risks of Major Accidents (BRZO ’99 = Besluit Risico's Zware Ongevallen 1999), issued on 27 May 1999 in the official Dutch Bulletin of Acts and Degrees ("Staatsblad").
	www.rivm.nl /ongevallen/preventie/serida/Seveso.jsp (240 words)

	Seveso - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		During the 20th century, pollution evolved from a mainly localized problem to one of global consequences in which pollutants not only persisted in...
		1977: Italy : Friuli and Seveso a year later.
		The minority Christian Democratic government of Premier Giulio Andreotti, established in mid-1976, survived its first year in office thanks to the support, or more accurately the abstention from opposition, in Parliament of the large Communist Party as well as four smaller parties.
	ca.encarta.msn.com /Seveso.html (110 words)

	SCADPlus: Major accidents involving dangerous substances
		Following the first Seveso Directive in 1982, the Seveso II Directive is intended to prevent major accidents involving dangerous substances and limit their consequences for man and the environment, with a view to ensuring high levels of protection throughout the Community.
		Directive 2003/105/EC (see amending acts) extended the scope of the Seveso II Directive to cover the processing and storage of minerals containing dangerous substances extracted in mining and quarrying, and the tailings disposal facilities used in these activities.
		The situation could nonetheless be improved, in the context of the Seveso II Directive, notably in terms of emergency plans.
	europa.eu /scadplus/leg/en/lvb/l21215.htm (1658 words)

	L'industrie en Haute Normandie : Le site référence sur un secteur clé de la région
		The SEVESO 2 directive was adopted by the European Union on 9 December 1996.
		The adoption of the SEVESO 2 directive into French law became effective in Spring 2000 through the Ministerial Decree of 10 May 2000 relating to the prevention of major accidents.
		As a general indication, Haute-Normandie is the location of approximately 6% of all the establishments liasted under SEVESO 2 in France, (around 1,250 in total in France).
	www.industrie-hn.org /uk/2/securite/01.htm (742 words)

	Birth Outcomes of Women Exposed to Dioxin in Seveso Italy - DERT
		Approximately 30 kg of dioxin were released into the environment resulting in the highest exposure to 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) known in human residential populations.
		Researchers at the University of California Berkeley, along with colleagues in Italy at the University Milano-Bicocca, initiated the Seveso Women's Health Study to determine whether there was an association between TCDD exposure and adverse reproductive health outcomes.
		Maternal serum dioxin levels and birth outcomes in women of Seveso, Italy.
	www.niehs.nih.gov /dert/profiles/hilites/2003/seveso.htm (382 words)

	Seveso (Site not responding. Last check: )
		On 10 July 1976, at, there was an explosion in Givaudan's chemical plant belonging to the ICMESA firm near Seveso, Northern Italy.
		No employees of the company suffered damage to their organs, a number of women had abortions due to the potential danger to their unborn children.
		The incidence of malformed children was comparable to that found elsewhere, so it appears as though the inhabitants of Seveso escaped relatively lightly.
	www.chm.bris.ac.uk /motm/245t/245th/seveso.htm (342 words)

	Our Stolen Future: Breast cancer risk rises with dioxin levels in aftermath of Seveso accident
		Previous work in the aftermath of the 1976 Seveso, Italy, pesticide factory accident failed to establish links between dioxin exposure and breast cancer incidence.
		As Warner et al.'s research only covered the first 18 years post-explosion, girls exposed in Seveso to dioxin before puberty have not yet reached the age of highest incidence of breast cancer.
		In the meantime, this result adds additional weight to the urgency for the US EPA to release its dioxin reassessment and initiate stronger protective standards on dioxin exposure.
	ourstolenfuture.org /NewScience/human/cancer/2002/2002-05warneretal.htm (900 words)

	© CEMAC - COMAH / Seveso II Directive
		The name Seveso refers to a village in northern Italy where considerable amounts of tetrachlorodibenzoparadioxin (TCDD) were released from a reactor during an industrial accident in an installation producing herbicides and pesticides.
		Accidents after 1982, when the initial Directive was prepared and voted, lead to amendments in 1987 and 1988 mainly to broaden the scope of the Directive and to include storage activities.
		Implementation of this Convention is a mixed competence (involving the European Union as legislative body and the individual Member States) and is currently underway in the various EU countries.
	www.cemac.org /dutch/D2009002.html (901 words)

	Seveso - eingebrannt in die Erinnerung - Greenpeace, Nachrichten zum Thema Chemie (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Sie sei harmlos, wird den Bürgermeistern der benachbarten Orte Seveso und Meda mitgeteilt.
		Kinder aus Seveso kommen mit Hautverätzungen und Ausschlag zum Arzt.
		Auch dafür ist Seveso heute ein Synonym: Fälle von Chlorakne gab es in der Chlorchemie auch früher schon, durch Seveso wurde die Krankheit über Fachkreise hinaus bekannt.
	www.greenpeace.de /themen/chemie/nachrichten/artikel/seveso_eingebrannt_in_die_erinnerung (483 words)

	Seveso guarantee
		Ammonia, for example, is used as a raw material in manufacturing soluble fertilisers for domestic use, while sulphur dioxide is used as a bleaching agent (in sugar refineries and the paper industry etc.).
		Since these products appear on the list of dangerous substances covered by the Seveso II Directive, the entire site is governed by it.
		As a Seveso company we must adhere to very strict safety standards and undergo frequent checks by the relevant authorities.
	www.prayon.com /uk/syst/page_info.cfm (345 words)

	Planet Ark : Givaudan plays down court ruling on Seveso claims
		Media reports said Italy's highest court ruled on Friday that residents of Seveso, a northern town near Milan, were entitled to compensation for emotional suffering.
		Nearly 450 people suffered skin injuries in the incident that made Seveso a synonym for environmental disasters.
		Givaudan inherited all liabilities and financial reserves related to the Seveso case after it was spun off.
	www.planetark.org /dailynewsstory.cfm/newsid/14742/story.htm (394 words)

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