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Topic: Sewage collection and disposal

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Sewage treatment

Sludge

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	Sewage - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		Sewage collection and disposal is usually done via a system of sewer pipes (sewers) called sewerage, and sometimes via a cesspool emptier.
		Sewage treatment is the process of removing the contaminants from sewage to produce liquid and solid (sludge) suitable for discharge to the environment or for reuse.
		In advanced countries sewage collection and treatment is typically subject to local, state and federal regulations and standards.
	www.arikah.com /encyclopedia/Sewage (219 words)

	Sewage collection and disposal - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Wastewater collection systems consist of buried pipelines which convey the wastewater by gravity to the treatment plant.
		Wastewater is collected by small rodents and oompa loompas (foul sewerage system in the UK) and is typically conveyed to a centralized wastewater through astro wizardry treatment facility where it is treated in several stages to reduce the level of some contaminants.
		Therefore, the historical focus of sewage treatment was on conveyance of raw sewage to a natural body of water, such as a river or ocean, where it would be satisfactorily diluted and dissipated.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Canalisation (732 words)

	Sewage collection and disposal Summary
		As population increases, the spreading of sludge as a means of sewage disposal is sure to remain contentious.
		Wastewater is collected by sanitary sewer systems (foul sewerage system in the UK) and is typically conveyed to a centralized wastewater treatment facility where it is treated in several stages to reduce the level of some contaminants.
		Therefore, the historical focus of sewage treatment was on conveyance of raw sewage to a natural body of water, such as a river or ocean, where it would be satisfactorily diluted and dissipated.
	www.bookrags.com /Sewage_collection_and_disposal (1480 words)

	Sewage Disposal - MSN Encarta
		Sewage Disposal, or wastewater disposal, various processes involved in the collection, treatment, and sanitary disposal of liquid and water-carried wastes from households and industrial plants.
		The issue of sewage disposal assumed increasing importance in the early 1970s as a result of the general concern expressed in the United States and worldwide about the wider problem of pollution of the human environment, the contamination of the atmosphere, rivers, lakes, oceans, and groundwater by domestic, municipal, agricultural, and industrial waste.
		At first, disposing of any waste in these sewers was forbidden, but by the 19th century it was recognized that community health could be improved by discharging human waste into the storm sewers for rapid removal.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761565852/Sewage_Disposal.html (1011 words)

	Sewage
		Sewage treatment and disposal in Alaska are regulated by both the Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation (ADEC) and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
		Sewage is a specific type of wastewater derived from primarily domestic (or non-industrial) sources such as lavatories, sinks, laundry facilities, and showers.
		Sewage from the mill process and camp area will receive primary treatment and will be discharged to subsurface lands (leach field) under conditions that will prevent exposure of any persons to health hazards that could be posed by untreated or inadequately treated sewage.
	www.juneau.lib.ak.us /cdd/Kensington/sewage.htm (2047 words)

	CHAPTER 18 - SEWER AND SEWAGE DISPOSAL (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		All sanitary sewage and industrial wastes from any improved property, after connection of such improved property with a sewer shall be required under §102(1), shall be conducted into a sewer, subject to such limitations and restrictions as shall be established herein or otherwise shall be established by this Township, from time to time.
		When the Sewage Enforcement Officer is satisfied the application is complete and the proposed design meets the requirements of DEP and the Township of Hampden and will adequately protect the public health and prevent pollution, a permit shall be issued.
		The schedule for the complete maintenance and disposal operation, including the name of the holding tank cleaner, the location of the disposal site, the approximate date or dates each month for the cleaning of the holding tank, and the approximate time of day when such cleaning shall be done.
	www.hampdentownship.us /ordinances/18.htm (8806 words)

	Private Sewage Disposal System
		Sewage or sewage effluent shall not be disposed of in any manner that will cause pollution of the ground surface, groundwater, bathing area, lake, pond, water course, or tidewater, or create a nuisance.
		The sewage disposal system permit application is the actual process for obtaining the permit to work on your system, and generally is in conjunction with your building permit.
		The liquid capacity of all septic tanks shall conform to Table 4 as determined by the number of bedrooms or apartment units in dwelling occupancies, and the estimated waste/sewage design flow rate or the number of plumbing fixture units as determined from Table 3, whichever is greater.
	www.co.el-dorado.ca.us /emd/reports/sewage_disposal.html (12912 words)

	Chapter 7.21
		A. No person shall cause or allow sewage or industrial waste to flow into waters of the county or upon or under any lands within the county in any manner determined by the environmental officer to be detrimental to the environment or the health, safety or welfare of any person.
		A. Prior to approval by the board of a subdivision for which on-site disposal systems are proposed to be used, the subdivider shall obtain the approval of the environmental officer for this method of sewage disposal.
		The storage and disposal of sewage shall be accomplished by connection to a public sewer unless otherwise specifically allowed pursuant to this chapter.
	www.co.pima.az.us /cob/code/c077.html (4693 words)

	Sewerage - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Sewerage is the system of sewers that conveys waste waters or sewage to a treatment plant or disposal point.
		The term "sewerage" also includes all the pumps, rising mains, gravity mains, air release valves, screens, overflows and associated infrastructure.
		It is sometimes used wrongly to mean "sewage".
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Sewerage (83 words)

	Format Document
		Prescribe reasonable rules regarding sewage collection, treatment, disposal and reclamation systems to prevent the transmission of sewage borne or insect borne diseases.
		(c) Require that design documents for all sewage collection systems, sewage collection system extensions, treatment plants, processes, devices, equipment, disposal systems, on-site wastewater treatment facilities and reclamation systems be submitted with a fee for review to the department and may require that the design documents anticipate and provide for future sewage treatment needs.
		Monies collected pursuant to this subsection shall be deposited in the water quality fee fund established by section 49-210.
	www.azleg.state.az.us /FormatDocument.asp?inDoc=/ars/49/00104.htm&Title=49&DocType=ARS (1282 words)

	CEP Technical Report #40 1998 English: Part 2. BVI
		Sewage disposal in the British Virgin Islands has classically been by either direct dumping in the ocean or by the use of septic tanks and soak away or field beds.
		The direct discharge of raw sewage to the ocean is practiced in the BVI by residences and businesses along shorefronts and by yachts anchoring in the many harbours and bays.
		In the BVI the sewage will have to be treated to some extent to ensure that the disposal of effluent into the surface waters or the ocean does not adversely affect the ecosystem.
	www.cep.unep.org /pubs/Techreports/tr43en/BVI.htm (1251 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		The transportation and disposal of construction and demolition debris is excluded from this prohibition.
		The bodies of trucks used in the collection or transportation of solid waste shall be designed for solid waste collection and have bodies which are watertight to a depth of not less than twelve (12) inches, with solid metal sides and fully covered, or vehicles which transport commercial containers.
		CONDITION OF TRUCKS Collection shall be made and the equipment operated and maintained by a franchisee in a manner as to prevent the dropping or scattering of solid or liquid waste anywhere except in a County approved disposal facility.
	www.co.hernando.fl.us /bocc/bccord/2000ord/00-01.htm (7099 words)

	New Georgia Encyclopedia: Municipal Services
		If the municipality does not meet these criteria, then it can be eliminated in one of two ways: either the state can revoke its charter, or after the municipality has been inactive for ten years, a majority of the registered voters in the area can petition the court to dissolve it.
		An inactive municipality is one that has not laid or collected any taxes or fees; has not provided water, sewage, garbage collection, police protection, fire protection, or a library; and has failed to hold municipal elections.
		The Georgia Constitution also authorizes CBIDs to provide street and road construction and maintenance; parks and recreational areas and facilities; storm-water and sewage collection and disposal systems; development, storage, treatment, purification, and distribution of water; public transportation; terminal and dock facilities and parking facilities.
	www.georgiaencyclopedia.org /nge/Article.jsp?id=h-2865 (833 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		(2) The term “sewer facilities” shall mean any facilities used or useful in the collection, treatment or disposal of sewage, and shall include sewer mains, sewer trunks, sewer collecting lines, sewer lateral lines, disposal facilities, treatment facilities and any tools or implements used in the construction, maintenance, operation, improvement or enlargement thereof.
		Governmental entities authorized to contract for collection and disposal of sewage and to construct sewer facilities; joint ownership.
		In addition to such other rights and remedies as may be available to the governing body in law or in equity for the collection of such fees and charges, the lien may be enforced by the governing body in the same manner and fashion as the lien of property taxes on real estate.
	www.scstatehouse.net /code/t06c015.doc (1144 words)

	AndersonCivil Consultants Inc. - Sanitary Sewage Collection and Disposal
		Sanitary sewage disposal to ground; preliminary design, permit application, geotechnical investigation and approval process (35m3/day).
		Sewage collection and disposal system design including pumping stations (190 l/s); sewage outfall study, design and construction.
		Sanitary sewage pump stations and forcemains (up to 400 mm diameter) to redirect total city sewage flow to new treatment lagoons.
	www.andersoncivil.com /sanitary.htm (327 words)

	Mattox Opinion No. JM-961
		Moreover, no permit is required for an on-site sewage disposal system for a single residence on a land tract of 10 acres or larger, subject to meeting statutory conditions designed to protect the public health.
		The statute also expresses the legislature's intent to allow properly designed and constructed septic tanks and other on-site sewage disposal systems to exist, id. s 1(b)(2), and its recognition that in some areas of the state the soil is not suitable for normal underground sewage disposal.
		The provision of sewage collection, transportation, and disposal is a governmental function of a municipality.
	www.oag.state.tx.us /opinions/op47mattox/jm-0961.htm (1550 words)

	Division 7.20 - Water and Sewer: General Provisions - Sewer - Town of Normal, Illinois
		Sewage Works shall mean all facilities for collecting, pumping, treating and disposing of sewage.
		Sewage shall mean the water carried wastes from residences, businesses, institutions and industrial establishments, plus minor and incidental amounts of ground, surface or storm water.
		A permit for a private sewage disposal system shall not become effective until the installation is completed to the satisfaction of the Director.
	www.normal.org /Code/07_20.asp (3482 words)

	History of the Sewerage System of the City of Santa Cruz
		Sewage from the business district was pumped to the outfall from a collecting sump located near the site of the present sewage treatment plant.
		The consultant's work showed that treated sewage could be discharged to Santa Cruz harbor through a submarine outfall without endangering public health or creating a nuisance and that this would be the most economical of the feasible alternatives.
		Disposal for the entire sewer system was through the outfalls which are still in use today [1954].
	www.santacruzpl.org /history/comserv/scsewers.shtml (3604 words)

	Laws and Rules for Sewage Treatment and Disposal
		(5) "Approved Public or Community Sewage System" means a single system of sewage collection, treatment, and disposal owned and operated by a sanitary district, a metropolitan sewage district, a water and sewer authority, a county or municipality, or a public utility, constructed and operated in compliance with applicable requirements of the Division of Water Quality.
		The amount of sewage flow rate reduction shall be determined by the local health department and the State based upon the type of fixtures and documentation of the amount of flow reduction to be expected from the proposed facility.
		(e) Raw sewage lift stations shall meet the construction standards of this Section and all horizontal setback requirements for sewage treatment and disposal systems in accordance with Rule.1950(a) of this Section unless the station is a sealed, watertight chamber, in which case the setback requirements for collection sewers in Rule.1950(e) of this Section shall apply.
	www.co.orange.nc.us /envhlth/eseptic.htm (15400 words)

	Metropolitan Planning Act
		"Sewage" means all liquid or water-carried waste products from whatever source derived, together with such ground water infiltration and surface water as may be present.
		After requesting and considering recommendations from the counties, cities, and towns, the director as part of the policy plan shall determine the capacity needed to serve the metropolitan area for disposal of solid waste, including residuals and ash, in six-year increments for a period of at least 20 years from adoption of policy plan revisions.
		Each county shall revise its master plan to include a land disposal abatement element to implement the metropolitan land disposal abatement plan adopted under section 473.149, subdivision 2d, and shall submit the revised master plan to the director for review under subdivision 2 within nine months after the adoption of the metropolitan abatement plan.
	www.lpa.state.mn.us /laws/metro473.html (7563 words)

	D.E.F.
		Using the 1968 Comprehensive Sewage Study as a guide for developing an overall water pollution control plan for the County, the department began upgrading wastewater treatment and disposal facilities.
		In addition, the county solid waste disposal system consists of 3 transfer stations, a waste-to-energy plant Wheelabrator Westchester, L.P., a recyclable materials recovery facility (MRF), an ashfill, a fleet of tractors, transfer trailers, recyclable containers and various equipment for organic yard waste processing and transport.
		DEPARTMENT OF The mission of the Department of Environmental Facilities is to protect, preserve and conserve the water supply and the quality of watercourses within or on the borders of Westchester County and provide proper solid waste management practices, including waste stream reduction and recycling, to protect the health, safety and welfare of the public.
	www.westchestergov.com /envfacil/AboutUs.htm (445 words)

	City of Kamloops Sewage Collection
		Liquid waste or wastewater are terms used for sewage.
		Some residents of Kamloops live in unsewered areas, and rely on septic systems to treat and dispose of wastewater, but most residents and businesses are connected to the City's sewer system.
		This form of sewage treatment and disposal takes place on the homeowner's property, and is typically called an "on-site" system.
	www.kamloops.ca /sewers/collection.shtml (303 words)

	Sewage Treatment and Disposal: The sanitary sewage collection system (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Some residents of Kamloops live in unsewered areas, and rely on septic systems to treat and dispose of wastewater, but most residents and businesses are connected to the City's sewer system.
		This form of sewage treatment and disposal takes place on the homeowner's property, and is typically called an "on-site" system.
		When the sewage reaches the Wastewater Treatment Centre, the treatment process begins.
	www.city.kamloops.bc.ca /sewer/collection.shtml (270 words)

	PGDM: Construction Principles in Antigua & Barbuda
		Other necessary systems such as sewage collection and disposal and storm water control are briefly examined and their link with the local geology established.
		The portion of water falling on the roof is usually collected in a cistern or a number of water tanks (Figure 13).
		In Antigua, because there is no coral limestone, sewage is collected in a two-chamber septic tank and the effluent that issues from the other end must be disposed of safely (Figure 2).
	www.oas.org /cdmp/PGDM/document/BITC/papers/antigua.htm (4914 words)

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