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	Sex steroid - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Sex steroids, also known as gonadal steroids, are steroid hormones which interact with vertebrate androgen or estrogen receptors.
		Natural sex steroids are made by the gonads (ovaries or testes), by adrenal glands, or by conversion from other sex steroids in other tissues such as liver or fat.
		The development of both primary and secondary sexual characteristics is controlled by sex hormones after the initial fetal stage where the presence or absence of the Y-chromosome and/or the SRY gene determine development.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Sex_steroid (214 words)

	XVICCE Symposium - Sex Steroids and Sex Steroid Receptors in Invertebrates
		XVICCE Symposium - Sex Steroids and Sex Steroid Receptors in Invertebrates
		Sex Steroids and Sex Steroid Receptors in Invertebrates
		The presence and the involvement of sex steroids in invertebrate gonadal function strongly sustains the presence of functionally active receptors, through which the sex steroids play their role.
	www.bu.edu /dbin/icce15/sexsteroids.php (310 words)

	Science--Whitacre et. al
		The reasons for the sex bias in MS and other autoimmune diseases are unclear but may include such factors as sex-related differences in immune responsiveness, response to infection, sex steroid effects, and sex-linked genetic factors.
		The sex steroid hormones, produced primarily in the ovary and testis, are likely to play a role in the development of autoimmune diseases.
		The sex steroid receptors belong to a large superfamily of nuclear receptors that include the thyroid hormone, retinoic acid, and vitamin D receptors (131).
	www.sciencemag.org /feature/data/983519.dtl (8011 words)

	IJ TRANSGENDER - HORMONAL SEX REASSIGNMENT
		Fundamental to sex reassignment treatment of transsexuals is the acquisition of the sex characteristics of the other sex to the fullest extent possible.
		Secondary sex characteristics are contingent on sex steroids.
		In view of the sex difference in prevalence of cardiovascular disease these studies are, at face value, quite convincing, but only long-term prospective studies in transsexuals using genuine clinical endpoints (cardiovascular morbidity/mortality) can establish their reliability.
	www.symposion.com /ijt/ijt990301.htm (2418 words)

	Sex Steroid Signaling During Aging M K THAKUR / Proceedings of the Indian National Science Academy / Part B / Biology ...
		In this article, an overview is presented for the role of sex steroids in aging and especially on the recent progress in hormone replacement therapy.
		It is a steroid hormone produced by the adrenal gland and acts as a precursor to the sex hormones estrogen and testosterone.
		A number of age-associated changes occur in the level of sex steroids, their receptors and other factors involved in hormone action and responses which in turn influence the specific cellular functions.
	www.mindfully.org /Health/2003/Aging-Sex-Steroid1apr03.htm (7657 words)

	Method for increasing sex steroid levels using IGF or IGF/IGFBP-3 - Patent 6015786
		The method of claim 1 wherein said sex steroids are selected from the group consisting of estradiol and androstenedione.
		A "low level of circulating sex steroid," as used herein, refers to a serum level of a sex steroid that is in the 30.sup.th or lower percentile for the population of the same species, sex, and approximate age (i.e.,.+-.5 years).
		Symptoms of disorders characterized by a deficiency of DHEA, DHEAS, thyroid hormone or sex steroids and disorders that may be alleviated by administration of DHEA, DHEAS thyroid hormone or sex steroids may be treated by administration of IGF, preferably IGF complexed with IGFBP-3.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /6015786.html (9194 words)

	THIS IS IT! Skull look! Everybody else too! - Anabolic Steroids - Steroid.com / Anabolic Review Forums
		Most circulating sex steroids are bound to carrier, and the ability of RAP to inhibit [3H]testosterone uptake depended on the ratio of SHBG and testosterone, such that inhibition was maximal when most of the testosterone was bound, whereas RAP was ineffective when most of the testosterone was free.
		Most current drugs against steroid dependent tumours block biosynthesis of steroid hormones (aromatase inhibitors) or target the binding of steroids to their intracellular receptors (anti-androgens or anti-estrogens) Preventing the steroids from getting into the cells in the first place through inhibition of megalin offers an alternative point of attack for such tumours (Figure 5).
		Inhibition of steroid hormone uptake through inhibition of megalin in specific cell types only is likely to be more selective towards cells requiring active uptake of steroids, and may therefore have fewer systemic side effects than traditional steroid targeting therapies.
	forums.steroid.com /showthread.php?t=264577 (2549 words)

	Effects of sex steroid hormones on regional fat depots as assessed by magnetic resonance imaging in transsexuals -- ...
		Effects of sex steroid hormones on regional fat depots as assessed by magnetic resonance imaging in transsexuals -- Elbers et al.
		Effects of sex steroid hormones on regional fat depots as assessed by magnetic resonance imaging in transsexuals
		We investigated prospectively the effect of sex steroids on regional fat depots and thigh muscle mass in adult transsexuals.
	ajpendo.physiology.org /cgi/content/abstract/276/2/E317 (283 words)

	Sex Differences in Seoul Virus Infection Are Not Related to Adult Sex Steroid Concentrations in Norway Rats -- Klein et ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		are mediated by sex steroid hormones (1, 15, 29).
		Sex hormones and the course of parasitic infection.
		The effect of sex and sex hormones on the infection of rats by Trichinella spiralis.
	jvi.asm.org /cgi/content/full/74/17/8213 (3197 words)

	Effects of GH and/or Sex Steroid Administration on Abdominal Sub, The World Health Network - Anti-Aging and Longevity
		Aging is associated with reduced GH, IGF-I, and sex steroid axis activity and with increased abdominal fat.
		Sex steroid administration increased levels of estrogen and testosterone in women and men, respectively (P = 0.05).
		The current study, to our knowledge, is the first that compares the effects of administration of GH and sex steroid, alone or in combination, on regional abdominal fat in healthy aged women and men.
	www.worldhealth.net /p/349,1522.html (5723 words)

	Clinical Trial: Analysis of Sex Hormones and Lipoproteins in Young Males
		Cross-sectional analyses were used to explain differences during adolescence in sex steroid hormones and sex steroid hormone-lipid relationships between fl and white boys and between boys with and without a family history of coronary heart disease..
		The primary aim of these analyses was to explain the contribution of changes in sex steroid hormones and fat patterning to changes in plasma concentrations of high (HDL-C) and low (LDL-C) density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), and apolipoproteins (apo) Al, All, and B occurring during puberty in males.
		Sex hormones and the changes in adolescent male lipids: longitudinal studies in a biracial cohort.
	www.clinicaltrials.gov /ct/show/NCT00037453 (357 words)

	Differences in Postmortem Stability of Sex Steroid Receptor Immunoreactivity in Rat Brain -- Fodor et al. 50 (5): 641 ...
		Evans RM (1988) The steroid and thyroid hormone receptor superfamily.
		Kruijver FPM, Fernández–Guasti A, Fodor M, Kraan E, Swaab DF (2001) Sex differences in androgen receptors of the human mamillary bodies are related to endocrine status rather than to sexual orientation or transsexuality.
		Warembourg M, Jolivet A, Milgrom E (1989) Immunohistochemical evidence of the presence of estrogen and progesterone receptors in the same neurons of the guinea pig hypothalamus and preoptic area.
	www.jhc.org /cgi/content/full/50/5/641 (3516 words)

	The epidemiology of sex steroid hormones and their signaling and metabolic pathways in the etiology of prostate cancer. ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Although sex steroid hormones likely contribute to the growth and progression of prostate cancer, associations between hormones and prostate cancer risk across the range of normal levels have been difficult to reliably demonstrate epidemiologically.
		Although the approach of evaluating polymorphisms in genes involved in sex steroid hormone signaling or metabolism as a way to minimize some of the issues in the direct measurement of hormones is logical, the findings among these studies are somewhat difficult to reconcile as well.
		Finally, racial variation in components of the sex steroid hormone pathway do appear to exist, but whether the extent of the variation is adequately great such that it accounts for some of the substantial differences in prostate cancer incidence among fls, whites, and Asians is unclear.
	propecia.researchtoday.net.cob-web.org:8888 /archive/2/1/66.htm (276 words)

	JAMA -- Abstract: Growth Hormone and Sex Steroid Administration in Healthy Aged Women and Men: A Randomized Controlled ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		JAMA -- Abstract: Growth Hormone and Sex Steroid Administration in Healthy Aged Women and Men: A Randomized Controlled Trial, November 13, 2002, Blackman et al.
		GH and/or sex steroids on body composition, strength, endurance,
		steroid + placebo GH (n = 35); or placebo GH + placebo sex steroid
	jama.ama-assn.org /cgi/content/abstract/288/18/2282 (918 words)

	Expression of hypothalamic arginine vasotocin gene in response to water deprivation and sex steroid administration in ...
		Effect of dehydration and sex steroid administration on (A) body mass and (B) plasma sodium ion concentration of Japanese quail.
		Effect of dehydration and sex steroid administration on (A) plasma osmolality and (B) plasma AVT concentration of Japanese quail.
		Effect of dehydration and sex steroid administration on (A) number and (B) area of ir-AVT cell bodies in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) region of the hypothalamus of Japanese quail.
	jeb.biologists.org /cgi/content/full/207/17/3025 (3504 words)

	Growth Hormone and Sex Steroid Administration in Healthy Aged Women and Men JAMA v.288, n.18, 13nov02
		Hormone administration to elderly individuals can increase lean body mass (LBM) and decrease fat, but interactive effects of growth hormone (GH) and sex steroids and their influence on strength and endurance are unknown.
		To evaluate the effects of recombinant human GH and/or sex steroids on body composition, strength, endurance, and adverse outcomes in aged persons.
		In this study, GH with or without sex steroids in healthy, aged women and men increased LBM and decreased fat mass.
	www.mindfully.org /Health/2002/Growth-Hormone-Sex-Steroid13nov02.htm (469 words)

	Steroid Sex Hormone Precursors
		Steroid sex hormone precursors refer to various chemical that aid in the production of steroid hormones.
		The steroid hormones are produced mainly by endocrine glands such as the gonads (testis and ovary), the adrenals, and are then released into the blood circulation.
		An important function of the steroid hormones is to coordinate physiological and behavioural responses for specific biological purposes, e.g.
	www.becomehealthynow.com /category/suppssteroid (297 words)

	Sex Steroid Regulation of the Inflammatory Response: Sympathoadrenal Dependence in the Female Rat -- Green et al. 19 ...
		Sex Steroid Regulation of the Inflammatory Response: Sympathoadrenal Dependence in the Female Rat -- Green et al.
		Sex Steroid Regulation of the Inflammatory Response: Sympathoadrenal Dependence in the Female Rat
		To investigate the role of sex steroids in sex differences in the response of rats to the potent inflammatory mediator bradykinin
	www.jneurosci.org /cgi/content/abstract/19/10/4082 (438 words)

	AAAAI - Media Center: JACI Highlights: Salam et al – Endogenous and exogenous sex steroid hormones and asthma and ...
		Emerging evidence suggests that both endogenous and exogenous sex steroid hormones may influence the occurrence of asthma and wheeze among women.
		In the May 2006 issue of the Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Salam and colleagues investigate the associations between age at menarche and the development of asthma after puberty as well as the associations between exogenous sex hormones (in the form of oral contraceptives) and wheezing in young women with and without asthma history.
		Although oral contraceptive use is associated with increased risk of current wheeze in women without a history of asthma, women taking oral contraceptives with a history of asthma usually have reduced wheezing symptoms.
	www.aaaai.org /media/jaci/2006/05/salam.stm (337 words)

	Neurobiological Effects of Sex Steroid Hormones - Cambridge University Press (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Neurobiological Effects of Sex Steroid Hormones describes the neurobiological basis for the understanding of how sex steroid hormones, oestrogen and testosterone, interact with parts of the brain.
		The contributors have all made significant advances in the understanding of how these steroids regulate neural function, and how this activity is translated into reproductive behaviours necessary for the propagation of the species.
		Sex steroid regulation of tachykinin peptides in neuronal circuitry mediating reproductive functions; 10.
	www.cambridge.org /catalogue/catalogue.asp?isbn=0521454301 (487 words)

	Effects of sex steroid hormones on regional fat depots as assessed by magnetic resonance imaging in transsexuals -- ...
		We conclude that sex steroid hormones are important determinants of sex-specific localization of body fat in adult subjects.
		Sex differences in the relation of visceral adipose tissue accumulation to total body fatness.
		Sex differences in lean and adipose tissue distribution by magnetic resonance imaging: anthropometric relationships.
	ajpendo.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/276/2/E317 (5375 words)

	Growth hormone, sex steroid combination 'not ready for prime time'
		In the first study of the separate and combined effects of growth hormone and sex steroids in healthy older men and women, investigators found that growth hormone replacement substantially increased lean body mass and decreased fat mass in both sexes.
		Blackman, who is now Clinical Director and Director of Intramural Research at the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine, hypothesizes that similar interactions are involved in the natural declines of hGH and sex steroids in later decades, contributing to the onset of age-related changes such as decreased muscle mass and increased body fat.
		These volunteers were given recombinant human growth hormone (hGH) alone, a sex steroid alone, a combination of hGH and sex steroids, or placebos for both hGH and sex steroids.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2002-11/nioa-ghs110602.php (1063 words)

	Differential effects of sex steroid hormones on the expression of multiple first exons including a novel first exon of ...
		Differential effects of sex steroid hormones on the expression of multiple first exons including a novel first exon of prolactin receptor gene in the rat liver -- Tanaka et al.
		Differential effects of sex steroid hormones on the expression of multiple first exons including a novel first exon of prolactin receptor gene in the rat liver
		Smirnova OV, Petraschuk OM and Kelly PA 1994 Immunocytochemical localization of prolactin receptors in rat liver cells: I. Dependence on sex and sex steroids.
	jme.endocrinology-journals.org /cgi/content/full/34/3/667 (3661 words)

	Cyp17, Urinary Sex Steroid Levels and Breast Cancer Risk in Postmenopausal Women -- Onland-Moret et al. 14 (4): 815 -- ...
		steroid levels are also taken into account (40).
		Polycystic ovaries and premature male pattern baldness are associated with one allele of the steroid metabolism gene CYP17.
		Polymorphisms in the P450 c17 (17-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase) and P450 c19 (aromatase) genes: association with serum sex steroid concentrations and bone mineral density in postmenopausal women.
	cebp.aacrjournals.org /cgi/content/full/14/4/815 (3707 words)

	Incubation Temperature Influences Sex-Steroid Levels in Juvenile Red-Eared Slider Turtles, Trachemys scripta, a Species ...
		sex by examination of the structure of the gonads with a dissecting
		Tousignant A, Crews D. Incubation temperature and gonadal sex affect growth and physiology in the leopard gecko (Eublepharis macularius), a lizard with temperature-dependent sex determination.
		Role of reductase and aromatase in sex determination in the red-eared slider (Trachemys scripta), a turtle with temperature-dependent sex determination.
	www.biolreprod.org /cgi/content/full/61/5/1275 (3683 words)

	Sex steroid hormones enhance immune function in male and female Siberian hamsters -- Bilbo and Nelson 280 (1): 207 -- ...
		Sex steroid hormones enhance immune function in male and female Siberian hamsters -- Bilbo and Nelson 280 (1): 207 -- AJP - Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology
		Effects of sex hormones on some T and B cell functions, evidenced by differential immune expression between male and female mice and cyclic pattern of immune responsiveness during the estrous cycle in female mice.
		Male sex steroids are responsible for depressing macrophage immune function after trauma-hemorrhage.
	ajpregu.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/280/1/R207 (4767 words)

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