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	Abbas I (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Faced with such odds, Abbas was forced to make peace with the Turks on unfavourable terms in 1599, but he was then able to subdue the rebels in his own country and to crush the Uzbeks and drive them out of Persia.
		Abbas' military successes were largely the result of his thorough reorganization of the army.
		Abbas' reign was distinguished by military successes and administrative efficiency, also by the magnificence of his court and by his zeal as a builder.
	webpages.charter.net /BrianOtte/encyclopedia_project/a/abbas_i.html (538 words)

	Georgia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Shah Ismail I (907-30/1501-24), the founder of the dynasty, sent raiding expeditions into Georgia, notably in 1518, but he was too preoccupied with consolidating his hold on power at home to pursue more ambitious undertakings in the Caucasus.
		Shah Abbas I (996-1038/1587-1629) was determined to restore Persian predominance in the Caucasus.
		Abbas regarded these arrangements as temporary and apparently planned to deal a drastic blow to the rebellious Georgians: the Kakhetians were to be wiped out or deported and their country settled by qezelbash and other Turkmen tribes, while the nobles of Kartli were to be resettled in Persia (Berdzenishvili et al., I, p.
	rustaveli.tripod.com /cgi-bin/geoiran.htm (6664 words)

	Abbas, I Biography \| Encyclopedia of World Biography
		In addition to internal difficulties, Shah Abbas was faced with impending attack by the colossal Ottoman Empire to the west and the constant menace of the Uzbeks to the northeast.
		Shah Abbas was fortunate in that the height of his power coincided with the decline of the Ottoman Empire.
		Shah Abbas was as cruel and suspicious in his relations with the Qizilbash leaders as he was kind and open in his dealings with the common people.
	www.bookrags.com /biography/abbas-i (1589 words)

	History of Iran: Safavid Empire 1502 - 1736
		Shah Esma'il was convinced of the righteousness of his cause and the evil of the Sunni branch of Islam; he did ignore the request.
		Shah Tahmasp I the eldest son of Shah Esma'il ascended the throne at the age of ten, and for the first ten years of his reign, real power was held by a number of leaders of competing Qezelbash factions, which caused much political instability.
		One of Shah Abbas I innovations, however, weakened the Safavid state in the long run; fear of revolts by his sons led him to abandon the traditional practice of employing the princes to govern provinces.
	www.iranchamber.com /history/safavids/safavids.php (4245 words)

	The Last of the Safavids
		Shah Abbas was open to the idea of an alliance with Europeans in common cause against the Ottomans.
		In 1603 Abbas reopened hostilities with the Ottomans.
		Shah Abbas patronized the arts, and he built a new capital at Isfahan, including palaces, mosques and schools, Isfahan becoming the cultural and intellectual capital of Iran.
	www.fsmitha.com /h3/h21saf.html (1504 words)

	Abbas I of Persia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		He was the third son of Shah Mohammad Shah.
		Abbas was a skilled diplomat, tolerant of his Christian subjects in Armenia.
		It is believed that Safi Mirza was killed because the Shah had learned the story of king Absalom who rebelled against his own father as depicted in the illustrations of the Morgan Crusader's Bible which was sent to him as a gift by Cardinal Maciejowski in 1604.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Abbas_I_of_Safavid (1272 words)

	Abbas I (of Iran) - Search Results - MSN Encarta (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Abbas I (of Iran) (1571-1629), Safavid shah of Iran (1588-1629).
		During the reign of Abbas I, shah of Iran, Eşfahān was made the national capital.
		Shah Abbas I restored the city after it had been badly damaged by invaders, and...
	uk.encarta.msn.com /Abbas_I_(of_Iran).html (162 words)

	Iran - THE SAFAVIDS, 1501-1722
		Shah Abbas made a show of personal piety and supported religious institutions by building mosques and religious seminaries and by making generous endowments for religious purposes.
		Although there was a recovery with the reign of Shah Abbas II (1642- 66), in general the Safavid Empire declined after the death of Shah Abbas.
		Although Nader Shah achieved political unity, his military campaigns and extortionate taxation proved a terrible drain on a country already ravaged and depopulated by war and disorder, and in 1747 he was murdered by chiefs of his own Afshar tribe.
	countrystudies.us /iran/11.htm (1149 words)

	Columbia Encyclopedia- Safavid - AOL Research & Learn
		Recognizing his military inferiority vis-à-vis the Ottoman Sultanate, Abbas accepted the Ottoman occupation of the western parts of his domain and was thus able to concentrate his efforts on creating a standing army and halting Uzbek incursions from the east.
		Shah Abbas received numerous European legations and, with the help of English warships, conquered Hormoz, the Portuguese colony at the entrance of the Persian Gulf.
		Shah Abbas II (1642–66) attempted to eliminate bureaucratic corruption, and gained a peace, largely due to the military exhaustion of Iran's neighbors.
	reference.aol.com /columbia/_a/safavid/20051207043209990024 (389 words)

	Wall panel [Probably from a garden pavilion in Isfahan, Iran] (03.9a-c) \| Object Page \| Timeline of Art History \| The ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The old tile-making tradition of composing repetitive geometrical or vegetal patterns was kept alive on mosques and madrasas, but an important innovation on secular buildings was a composition of square tiles individually painted as single elements of an outdoor scene with characters set in a garden landscape.
		Abbas to that of Shah Sulayman (the last example being the Hasht Bihisht of 1669).
		Abbas on the garden avenue of the Chahar Bagh at Isfahan." The panel here shows a woman and three men (two of them sitting in conversation, one of the two in the act of writing) and a woman in the garden.
	www.metmuseum.org /TOAH/hd/shah/hod_03.9a-c.htm (297 words)

	Bandar Abbas - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Shah Abbas I recaptured (c.1615) the town and later the islands.
		In 1622, Shah Abbas renamed the town Bandar Abbas (port of Abbas) and developed it into a major port.
		Bandar Abbas began to lose importance in the late 1800s, especially after the opening of the Trans-Iranian RR terminal at the head of the Persian Gulf.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-bandarab.html (318 words)

	Shahrdar Family History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The shah's attempt to reconquer Georgia proved disastrous, and the Treaty of Gulistan (1813) and the Treaty of Turkmanchai (1828) deprived Persia of the Caucasus and marked a downward trend in Persian power.
		Prince Bahman Mirza (1810-1884) was the fourth Son of Abbas Mirza and brother of Mohammad Shah.
		As a result a plot was hatched by the Shah's maternal uncle, Allahyar Khan Asaf-al-Dawla to gather a large force and march on Tehran, depose Mohammad Shah and replace him with Bahman Mirza.
	www.afkhami.org /Shahrdar-History.htm (2374 words)

	The Islamic World to 1600: The Rise of the Geat Islamic Empires (The Safavid Empire)
		Respect for and loyalty to the shah had also dropped under the inept rule of Ismail II and Muhammad, and Abbas thus had the formidable task ahead of him of turning the empire around and reasserting its power in the Islamic world.
		In doing so, Abbas essentially ensured the survival of the empire for a century after his death, because despite the series of weak rulers who followed him, the central administration he established was able to continue operating.
		Abbas feared that this practice gave the princes too much power, however, so he ended it, and instead forced the princes to stay in the harem, to be raised by women and eunuchs.
	www.ucalgary.ca /applied_history/tutor/islam/empires/safavid/abbas.html (1031 words)

	The Modern Magazine for Persian Celebrations, Cuisine, Culture & Community
		Esfahan was a big city of interest for Shah Abbas I (Shah Abbas the Great), who after making the town his capital in 1598, rebuilt the main monuments and building which are so regularly visited today.
		Shah Abbas was a man with great vision and he modernized the town with large tree-lined avenues, vast gardens, libraries, schools, and mosques.
		Shah Abbas had invited him and subsequently put him in charge of the mosque and the school of theology.
	www.persianmirror.com /culture/travel/EsfahanGuide.cfm (2073 words)

	Bandar-e Abbas
		Bandar-e Abbas is the capital of the Hormozgan Province with 1.3 million inhabitants (2005 estimate) and an area of 71,193 km².
		The port of Bandar-e Abbas is shallow and badly sheltered.
		The inhabitants of Bandar-e Abbas are referred to as Bandaris, and are mainly a mix of Arabs, Negros and the original population.
	lexicorient.com /e.o/bandar-e_abbas.htm (250 words)

	Iranian Cities: Bandar Abbas
		Bandar Abbas Port is in the middle of the Strait of Hormoz linking the Persian Gulf to the Sea of Oman, and is located 500km to the south of Kerman by excellent road and Railroad.
		Bandar Abbas was named after the memory of Shah Abbas I the Great of Safavid dynasty who founded the port in 1623 after his naval victory over the Portuguese.
		From 1793 to 1868, Iran leased Bandar Abbas to Oman.
	www.iranchamber.com /cities/bandar_abbas/bandar_abbas.php (363 words)

	Mage Publishers
		By examining the way Nasir al-Din Shah was transformed from an insecure crown prince and later an erratic boy-king in the 1840s and 50s into a ruler with substantial control over his government and foreign policy in the 1860s and beyond.
		The shah's dream, for all its spontaneity, fit well into a course that was destined to be one of the most critical in Nasir al-Din's reign.
		ABBAS AMANAT is a professor of history at Yale University and editor of the Journal of Iranian Studies.
	www.mage.com /PIV.html (1326 words)

	Notes on Shah Abbas
		In 1598 Shah Abbas the Great (1588-1629) transferred the Safavid capital from Kazvin to Isphahan and established studios for painters and weavers within the Imperial palace.
		Abbas was able to shift the balance of power from the tribal confederation to the state.
		Shah Abbas died in 1628 at the age of 70 in Mazanderan.
	www.spongobongo.com /her9992.htm (747 words)

	Cyrus Tours: Isfahan
		Chehel Sotun or Forty Pillars was built by Shah Abbas II as a hall of audience for official functions.
		The upper part of the large audience hall is covered with paintings showing such scenes as Shah Abbas feasting and Shah Ismail and Shah Tahmasp entertaining Homayoun the King of India.
		This mosque was dedicated to the saintly uncle of Shah Abbas and was used as the King's private worship place during his life.
	www.cyrustravel.com /irantour/isf.html (588 words)

	Avalanche Press
		Nader was enraged and had the shah deposed, and replaced by Tamasp’s infant son, under the name Shah Abbas III.
		Abbas died, apparently of natural causes, in 1736, and Nader, dropping all pretense, had himself crowned shah.
		The 61-year-old shah, while caught by surprise, managed to kill two of his attackers before he was overcome and killed.
	www.avalanchepress.com /Soldier_Shah.php (1622 words)

	New Page 1
		Shah Abbas I (r.1588-1629) was the Safavi king who replaced the power of the Qizilbash with a standing army equipped with gun-powder weapons.
		When Mohammad Shah died in 1848 the succession passed to his son Naser al-Din (r.1848-1896), who proved to be the ablest and most successful of the Qajar sovereigns.
		With the death of Mohammad Shah in 1848, Mirza Taqi was largely responsible for ensuring the crown prince's succession to the throne.
	bss.sfsu.edu /behrooz/Qajar.htm (2420 words)

	Ancient Story
		One such hero in Persian folklore is Shah Abbas, the greatest king of the Safavid Dynasty.
		The Safavid period in general, and the reign of Shah Abbas in particular, is often referred to as the Golden Era of Persian carpets.
		Meanwhile, Shah Abbas bravely fought the despair of his captivity and earnestly explored the dim possibility of escape.
	www.rugsandtextiles.com /research/id3.htm (558 words)

	SalamIran - Province of Bandar Abbas
		They were expelled in 1622 after a tough naval battle, by Shah Abbas the Great who founded the town which continues to bear his name ever since (it was called Gambro or Gambrun until then, which was the name of a type of abundantly found small crustacean around the town).
		The fact that such a flourishing place was in foreign hands was so galling to Shah Abbas the Great (1587-1629) that he, in 1622, induced the East India Company to allow ships to cooperate with his land forces and wrest it from the Portuguese.
		The highly important Hormoz Strait, situated south of Bandar Abbas, is the vital passageway of international oil tankers, and Iran’s supremacy over it speaks of the country’s key position in the region.
	www.salamiran.org /CT/provinces/bandar_abbas.html (1868 words)

	Abbas Mirza (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		An accomplished forward-looking statesman and fearless warrior, this Persian "Prince Valiant" was loved by the people and beautiful Princess "Kettane" the daughter of Heraclius, a Caucasian King.
		Abbas Mirza highly encouraged this mode of communication between the people and himself.
		However dazzling the court of his father Fath Ali Shah, and later on the court of Nasser ed-Din Shah or Mozzafar ed-Din Shah -- respect of the "Diwan" would remain a common trait among the Qajars.
	users.sedona.net /~sepa/abbasmi.html (209 words)

	Shi'a: The Safavids
		Both Islamic and Western historians agree that the reign of Shah Abbas I (1588-1629) was the greatest period in Safavid history and culture.
		The greatest of the Safavid arts was architecture; the Safavid mosques, palaces, and parks built during the reign of Abbas I are among the greatest architectural achievements in Islam.
		Both Islamic and Western historians believe that Safavid decline began shortly after the death of Shah Abbas I. The later Shahs were never as firm or disciplined as Abbas, and the Empire slowly disintegrated under the invasive pressures of the Ottomans and the Uzbeks in the north.
	www.wsu.edu:8080 /~dee/SHIA/SAFAVID.HTM (1091 words)

	Abbas (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Shah Abbas was king of the Safavid dynasty in Persia from 1588 until 1629.
		Shah Abbas strengthened the Safavid dynasty when the old Sufi bands were replaced by a standing army.
		He moved his capital to Isfahan, which became one of the most beautiful cities in the world, with spacious boulevards and a grandiose square.
	www.hyperhistory.com /online_n2/civil_n2/histscript6_n2/abbas.html (124 words)

	EARLY PERSIAN CARPETS-THE SCHOOL OF SHAH ABBAS
		There was a short interval of minor rulers after the death of Shah Tahmasp; finally a truly remarkable sovereign appeared, known as Shah Abbas the Great.
		The third group attributed to Shah Abbas is quite rare, and not too well known.
		Although probably not originating from the court school in Isfahan, but created in a North Persian center are a number of types that have also first been made during the reign of Shah Abbas.
	www.ethnographica.com /shah_abbas_carpets.htm (300 words)

	BEHSHAHR
		It is no wonder that Shah Abbas (the founder of the city) with his sense of pageantry and color chose this part of Mazandaran as his country resort.
		The main palaces of Bagh-e Shah, once comprised large halls, several verandahs and many fresco-decorated chambers, and beautiful paintings.
		It was at Behshahr that Pietro della Valle finally caught up with Shah Abbas, and was permitted to kiss his hand in the course of along and exhausting ceremony which lasted deep into the night.
	www.irantour.org /Iran/city/BEHSHAHR.html (133 words)

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