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	A Note on Shakespeare's Sonnets
		Conventionally the sonnets fall into three clear groupings: Sonnets 1 to 126 are addressed to or concern a young man; Sonnets 127-152 are addressed to or concern a dark lady (dark in the sense of her hair, her facial features, and her character), and Sonnets 153-154 are fairly free adaptations of two classical Greek poems.
		Shakespeare's sonnet sequence begins with a series of poems urging the young man to whom they are addressed to get married, so that he will leave the world a copy of his beauty, which will therefore not suffer the ravages of time.
		Sonnet 78 starts a concern for some rival poet who has engaged the attention and the affection of the young man. The unfaithfulness of the young man leads the speaker to question his moral character with very specific images of infection and disease (which suggests venereal infection--as in Sonnets 94 and 95).
	www.mala.bc.ca /~johnstoi/eng366/sonnets.htm (1768 words)

	Shakespeare's Canon
		The Sonnets were written over a number of years, mostly, in all likelihood, from 1591-1594, though some are probably later.
		Whenever one ventures to say which of Shakespeare's plays was written first, for example, and then goes back to re-read the work, one is struck with its maturity and development and feels compelled to put it later in the cycle.
		Shakespeare seems to have had a definite clown in mind for the part of Launce.
	shakespeare.palomar.edu /canon.htm (1191 words)

	Shakespeare's Sonnets
		Shakespeare often gave special emphasis to the break between the second and third quatrains (equivalent to the major break between the 8 quatrain lines and the 6 tercet lines in the Italian sonnet), but he also paired and contrasted the quatrains in many other ways, creating a great range of argumentative or dramatic effects.
		The long neglect of the sonnets seems to have been caused by their portrayal of homosexual love and heterosexual lust, their sometimes bitter tone and dark imagery, and by their thoroughgoing repudiation of many sonnet conventions — the same qualities that brought Shakespeare admirers during the Romantic literary movement of the early 19th century.
		Where traditionally the sonnet beloved was a chaste, haughty and fair complexioned goddess, Shakespeare's poet is bound to a charming but depraved nobleman and a promiscuously tormenting "dark lady." The desires that the poet can satisfy in his commerce with the woman only sicken and degrade him.
	www.handprint.com /SC/SHK/sonnets.html (4436 words)

	glbtq >> literature >> Shakespeare, William
		First printed as a group in 1609, Shakespeare's sonnets belonged originally not to the public culture of print but to the private culture of manuscript poetry that circulated among friends.
		Rather than assuming that the first-person of the sonnets speaks for William Shakespeare, we should perhaps note the ways in which these three characters--the speaking "I," the young man, the woman--depend on one another for their identities.
		Taken altogether, the sonnets to the "man right fair" seem to tell the story of a failed love affair--but a love affair in which "a woman colored ill" is very much a factor.
	www.glbtq.com /literature/shakespeare_w,7.html (707 words)

	Shakespeare's Works
		Shakespeare in Quarto, from the British Library, ninety-three quartos of twenty-one plays in their possession (many purchased from Halliwell-Phillipps, Garrick and George III).
		Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, and Tragedies, being a Reproduction in Facsimile of the First Folio Edition 1623 from the Chatsworth copy in the possession of the Duke of Devonshire, K.G. with an Introduction and Census of Copies by Sidney Lee (Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, 1902), from the Liberty Fund.
		William Shakespear, prefaced to his 1709 edition of the Works (based on the Fourth Folio of 1685) became the standard 18th Century biography, and in fact became the foundation document for all subsequent biographies.
	shakespeare.palomar.edu /works.htm (4965 words)

	The Dusty Shelf eZine
		His sonnets, considered to be some of the finest poems in the English language, were probably written between 1592 and 1595.
		Sonnet 29 shows us a troubled, insecure man--probably due to poverty and unemployment after the theaters were closed to avoid the plague in 1592.
		Sonnet 130 is a parody of the traditional Petrarchan sonnet, typified by Sir Philip Sidney.
	www.thedustyshelf.com /1-4/shakespeare.php (933 words)

	Posts tagged with shakespeare \| MetaFilter
		Shakespeare Apocrypha including such classics as 'The Birth of Merlin', 'The Merry Devil of Edmonton' and 'The Life and Death of the Lord Cromwell'.
		Shakespeare in the Bush: in which an anthropologist tells the story of Hamlet to a group of Tiv, and ideas about the universal nature of literature get the worst of it.
		Hence, the possible dilemma for Shakespeare was whether to risk punishment by praying for their deceased loved ones or obey the law and allow those souls to languish in flames.
	www.metafilter.com /tags/shakespeare (2598 words)

	Shakespeare's queer 'Sonnets' and the forgeries of William Henry Ireland - William Shakespeare \| Criticism \| Find ...
		Shakespeare's queer 'Sonnets' and the forgeries of William Henry Ireland - William Shakespeare
		Shakespeare's queer 'Sonnets' and the forgeries of William Henry Ireland - William Shakespeare
		By the same token, however, the very speed with which the discoveries had been made--within the space of a couple of months only--was probably the most convincing proof for Ireland's contemporaries that the documents were real (or that they must be the work of more than one person).
	findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m2220/is_n2_v40/ai_20992274 (425 words)

	Powell's Books - Drama-Shakespeare Sonnets
		This is the only fully annotated and modernized edition to bring together Shakespeare's sonnets as well as all his poems (including those attributed to him after his death) in one volume.
		The Poems Shakespeare’s greatest achievement in nondramatic verse was his collection of 154 magnificent sonnets that portray a tumultuous world of love, rivalry, and conflict among a poet, an aristocratic young man, a rival poet, and a mysterious &#...
		Shakespeare's sonnets are among the most breathtaking and mysterious love poems ever written.
	www.powells.com /subsection/DramaShakespeareSonnets.html (755 words)

	William Shakespeare Sonnets with text of each sonnet
		It is, however, certain that Shakespear had written some sonnets as in 1598 Francis Meres, in a "survey" of poetry and literature, made reference to the Bard and "his sugared sonnets among his private friends." The sonnets were intended as a form private communication, some perhaps to flatter potential patrons.
		The order of sonnets as they appeared in the 1609 publication were not necessarily the order in which they were written and in all probability were numbered by the printer in no particular order or arrangement, but just for ease of reference.
		The sonnets fall into three clear groupings: Sonnets 1 to 126 are addressed to, or concern, a young man; Sonnets 127-152 are addressed to, or concern, a dark lady (dark in the sense of her hair, her facial features, and her character), and Sonnets 153-154 are fairly free adaptations of two classical Greek poems.
	www.william-shakespeare.info /william-shakespeare-sonnets.htm (2396 words)

	William Shakespeare - Biography and Works
		John Shakespeare was a local businessman and also involved in municipal affairs as Alderman and Bailiff, but a decline in his fortunes in his later years surely had an effect on William.
		William Shakespeare died on 23 April 1616, according to his monument, and lies buried in the chancel of the Holy Trinity Church in Stratford upon Avon.
		Shakespeare's series of historical dramas, based on the English Kings from John to Henry VIII were a tremendous undertaking to dramatise the lives and rule of kings and the changing political events of his time.
	www.online-literature.com /shakespeare (3276 words)

	Shakespeare's Sonnets - Research and Read Books, Journals, Articles at Questia Online Library
		The chronology of Shakespeare's plays is uncertain, but a reasonable approximation of their order can be inferred from dates of publication, references in contemporary writings, allusions in the plays to contemporary events, thematic relationships, and metrical and stylistic comparisons.
		Shakespeare had a tremendous vocabulary and a corresponding sensitivity to nuance, as well as a singular aptitude for coining neologisms and punning.
		This analysis of Shakespeare's sonnets in relation to his plays asserts that the language of the sonnets is primarily performative rather than descriptive.
	www.questia.com /library/music-and-performing-arts/shakespeares-sonnets.jsp (2262 words)

	Sonnets
		Sonnets 1-17 are all, in various ways, urging the young man to have children—to reproduce.
		Choose one of the sonnets and be prepared to read it aloud and talk a bit about it in class.
		The 154 sonnets, of course, are first and last the Sonnets, certainly the most accomplished, extended work of personal poetry ever written.
	lycos.cs.cmu.edu /info/sonnets.html (552 words)

	[minstrels] Shall I Compare Thee to a Summer's Day? (Sonnets XVIII) -- William Shakespeare
		From: Littlemispissed@ shakespeare didnt write sonnet 18 to a woman he wrote it to a man and all he is saying is as long as people continue to read the poem then the man will not be forgotten
		Shakespeare wrote these sonnets for a women, who supported him with money and he wanted to tell her, that his words would make her un-dyable.
		If you actually read Sonnet 130, you will find that that, at the end of the sonnet, he says, "And yet, I think my love as rare As any she belied with false compare." He is saying that he still loves her and that he wouldn't trade her for the world.
	www.cs.rice.edu /~ssiyer/minstrels/poems/71.html (2969 words)

	The Quarto (Introduction to SHAKE-SPEARES SONNETS 1609)
		If Shakespeare had authorized their publication, he surely, according to Knight, would have indicated which of the sonnets were works of fiction (95).
		The basis of Lee's judgment involved his evaluation of the state of the text: "The corrupt state of the text of Thorpe's edition of 1609 fully confirms the conclusion that the enterprise lacked authority, and was pursued throughout in that reckless spirit which infected publications of the day" (40).
		In her 1983 "Was the 1609 Shakespeares Sonnets Really Unauthorized," Katherine DuncanJones presents a cogent case for the proposition that Shakespeare probably sold the text directly to Thorpe.
	www.library.utoronto.ca /utel/ret/shakespeare/1609int1.html (1717 words)

	What symbolism is used in Shakespeare's "Sonnet #4"? - Sonnets - Questions & Answers
		Posted by cb13 on Tuesday May 27, 2008 at 4:48 PM and tagged with shakespeare, sonnet 4, symbols.
		This poem is urging a young man to marry and produce offspring. The reason the speaker gives to the man is that because the man has been given such a gift of beauty by nature, he owes it to nature to pass it on.
		In Sonnet 4, Shakespeare uses money or banking imagery to symbolize wasting one's youth on selfish pursuits instead of marrying and having children.
	www.enotes.com /sonnets/q-and-a/what-symbolism-used-shakespeare-s-sonnet-4-25115 (301 words)

	SDJA - 9th Grade Humanities - Middle Ages Project
		The amazing web site of Shakespeare's Sonnets - http://www.shakespeares-sonnets.com/ - All the sonnets are provided here, with descriptive commentary attached to each one, giving explanations of difficult and unfamiliar words and phrases, and with a full analysis of any special problems of interpretation which arise.
		Sonnets by other Elizabethan poets are also included, Spenser, Sidney, Drayton and a few other minor authors.
		Sonnet Central - http://www.sonnets.org/ - An archive of English sonnets, commentary, and relevant web links and a forum for poets to share and discuss their own work.
	www.writedesignonline.com /assignments/sonnetex.htm (258 words)

	William Shakespeares plays, sonnets, quotes. Hamlet, Othello more.
		This taboo subject is a consistent theme throughout Shakespeare's plays and is referred to in further episodes, Shake and violence and Shake and Desire.
		One of the joys of Shakespeare is that the audience is at times considered an extension of the fictional world.
		Shakespeare's audience, the Globe Theatre playhouse masses, consisted of a cross-section of society from peasants to aristocrats.
	www.bananatv.com /shakespeare_william.html (1183 words)

	The Amazing Web site of Shakespeare's Sonnets. General Notes
		I do not insist that it is entirely relevant that anything of Shakespeare's should have the additional fillip of an antiquarian interest tacked on to it, but neither is it right or practicable that we should attempt to make him entirely into a modern.
		The 1609 Quarto version is given with each sonnet, as close to the original as possible, although many of the minor details cannot be reproduced.
		Shakespeare's Bawdy, by Eric Partridge, Routledge, London 1947, (referred to as Partridge).
	www.shakespeares-sonnets.com /notes.htm (934 words)

	About Shakespeare's Love Sonnets (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Shakespeare's first 26 sonnets are clearly addressed to a young man whom the poet describes as "beauty's rose" (Sonnet 1) and often refers to as "my love." Shakespeare clearly defines his love for the young man as non-sexual (Sonnet 20).
		Shakespeare, at times also accuses the young man of betrayal and states to him his faults, praises the young man's beauty, reluctantly accepts that the young man and his mistress have had an affair, mourns his absence, and ultimately forgives the young man for all of his grievances and apologises for his own infidelity.
		Shakespeare's suggestions to the young man sometimes turn into accusations that he is hoarding the beauty which he was lent, and therefore abusing the lease.
	www.onlineshakespeare.com /sonnetsabout.htm (2020 words)

	Shakespeares Sonnets
		Shakespeare especially wrote many sonnets that have the Petrarchan themes of Time and Death at their centre and he even goes so far as to spoof Petrarchan sentiments in Sonnet 130.
		Shakespeare’s sonnets are known to have been circulated amongst “his private friends” and sent to his patron before a collection of 154 were published in the 1609 Quarto.
		The remainder of the sonnets are a mixture of autobiography and emotion ending with 2 almost throw-away standards that are distinct from the rest, inspired by an anthology of Greek poetry known variously as the Greek Anthology or Palatine Anthology.
	www.russiangiftsandcollectibles.com /453519719.php (1197 words)

	Writing a Sonnet
		Shakespeare wrote many sonnets and most of his are very famous.
		Sonnets can be written about anything whether it is a dog, girlfriend, boyfriend, or even a flower.
		Sonnets are composed by using 14 lines and can be written by using a rhyme or a half rhyme.
	www.cwu.edu /~higginsp/webquery.html (790 words)

	Shakespeare's Sonnets
		The sonnet is composed with a formal rhyme scheme, denoting different thoughts, moods, or emotions, sometimes summed up in the last lines of the poem.
		It differs from the Petrarchan sonnets in that it is divided into three quatrains, each rhymed differently, with an independently rhymed couplet at the end.
		The remaining 27 sonnets are written mainly to a woman, popularly known as "The Dark Lady." Many students of Shakespeare's work believe that he had a love affair with this woman.
	www.springfield.k12.il.us /schools/springfield/eliz/Sonnets.html (996 words)

	William Shakespeare at LiteratureClassics.com -- essays, resources
		Shakespeare was adept at crafting words and sentences for maximum effect and, because of this, he was instrumental in the changes that were occuring to the English language during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries.
		Shakespeare's power with language was coupled with a remarkable poetic ability evident throughout his plays and in his collection of sonnets.
		Shakespeare became the first to appeal and to meet with the full approval of a broad and mixed public embracing almost all levels of society...
	www.literatureclassics.com /authors/Shakespeare (1925 words)

	Monarch Notes - Tragedies and Sonnets of William Shakespeare (Site not responding. Last check: )
		William Shakespeare was baptized on April 26, 1564, as "Gulielmus filius Johannes Shakspere"; the evidence is the parish register of Holy Trinity Church, Stratford, England.
		One declares that Shakespeare was an apprentice to a butcher, that he ran away from his master, and was received by actors in London.
		As for the sonnets, they have long been the happy hunting ground of biographical crackpots who lack outside documents, who do not recognize that Shakespeare may have been using a persona, and who seem not to know that in Shakespeare's time good sonnets were supposed to read like confessions.
	www.communism.net /index3.html (1877 words)

	Shakespeare--sonnets
		Characters: Shakespeare's speaking persona, a young male he admires/loves, a "dark lady" who is the persona's beloved but who also competes for the love of the young man, a rival poet (86) who threatens to steal the young man's affections, and a host of personified abstractions (Time, Death, Beauty, Fame, etc.).
		Because even the "dark lady" group may be an illusory artifact created by the printer's pagination decisions, which Shakespeare may not have consented to, we might also look for other patterns in the sonnets' transmission and transformation of the sonnet tradition Shakespeare inherited from Wyatt, Surrey, Sidney and Spenser.
		The sonnets often have been mined for evidence of a dramatic structure, and you will find many critical studies which purport to explain "what Shakespeare had in mind" when he wrote the sonnets as a sequence.
	faculty.goucher.edu /eng211/shakespearesonnets.htm (1295 words)

	Shakespeare's Sonnets
		Shakespeare's sonnets were published in 1609, no doubt without authorization, by the unsavory Thomas Thorpe (1580-1614), described as "a publishing understrapper of piratical habits" who "hung about scriveners' shops" in order to pinch manuscripts.
		The 1640 piracy titled, rearranged, and combined the sonnets until those to the young man seem to be to a woman.
		Sonnets 1-126 seem to be addressed to an unnamed male friend considerably younger than the poet.
	www.wsu.edu /~delahoyd/shakespeare/sonnets.html (1250 words)

	shakespeares sonnets: geniusessays.com- genius essays, genius book reports, genius research papers, genius term papers (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Shakespeare even tells us that her breath reeks and music is more pleasing to hear than her voice.
		Shakespeare follows the traditional ababcdcdefefgg rhyme scheme in an iambic pentameter; however he creates a new structure with this sonnet with his straightforward and honest approach.
		True to the traditional sonnet form, Shakespeare successfully demonstrates the depth of his love for his mistress despite her shortcomings and at the same time, he illustrates the true power of...
	www.geniusessays.com /cat/paper/1011/shakespeares-sonnets.html (379 words)

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