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| | Mesopotamia |
 | | Among the gods honoured were the Sumero-Akkadian god Nergal, Hermes (Greek), Atargatis (Aramean), and al-Lat and Shamiyyah (Arabian), along with Shamash, the Mesopotamian sun god. |
 | | In the 1st and 2nd centuries AD, Hatra was ruled by a dynasty of Arabian princes whose written language was Aramaic, and it became known as Beit 'Elaha' (“House of God”), a reference to the city's numerous temples. |
 | | Built in a circular plan of military tradition, Hatra was able to turn back many attacks, including sieges by Roman forces in 116/117 (led by the emperor Trajan) and 198/199 (under the emperor Septimius Severus). |
| ellone-loire.net /obsidian/ancmesop.html (1973 words) |
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