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APPENDIX D Statistical Distributions Most of the parameters for continuous distributions can be classified, on the basis of their physical or geometric interpretation, as being one of three basic types: location, scale, or shape parameters. A location parameter l specifies an abscissa (x axis) location point of a distribution's range of values; usually, l is the midpoint (e.g., the mean of a normal distribution) or lower endpoint (e.g., location for a Pearson type V distribution) of the distribution's range. A shape parameter a determines, distinct from location and scale, the basic form or shape of a distribution with the general family of distributions of interest. www.caciasl.com /docs/UsersManualHTML43/Output/SPUser-26-1.html   (2660 words)

Shape waveform usage   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31) Basis: the value for the shape parameter controlled by the shape waveform is set to be the same value that the basis shape has. Offset: the value of the shape parameter waveform is added to the value of the corresponding shape parameter that the basis shape has. In this case the discharge shape waveform vertices would jump from one range of values to another and the user must be careful when placing vertices on the shape waveforms to make certain that the waveform value is used in the desired manner by checking the usage waveform. fusion.gat.com /pcs/isoflux/node14.html   (329 words)

[No title] At the lowest level, each parameter is picked either from a Gaussian distribution with mean zero and with some precision (inverse of the variance), or from a two point distribution concentrated at the corresponding plus or minus standard deviation points (the latter is meant primarily for debugging). This common value for the precision of parameters in a sub-group is in turn picked from a Gamma distribution with another specified shape parameter and with a mean given by a hyperparameter common to all parameters in the group. Alpha-paramerer gives the shape parameter for picking a precision for a particular output in a particular case, using that targets's precision as the mean. www.cs.toronto.edu /~radford/bnn.1996-08-26.doc/prior.html   (715 words)

sam.ufm Helpfile   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31) The closed shapes are : the circle, the rectangle, the astroïd, Bernoulli's lemniscate and the folium. The result is that the shape is moved and deformed. Shape periodicity : The shape is repeated periodically. www.p-gallery.net /help/cristalglobe.htm   (528 words)

1.3.6.3. Families of Distributions   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31) Shape parameters allow a distribution to take on a variety of shapes, depending on the value of the shape parameter. The Weibull distribution is an example of a distribution that has a shape parameter. The PPCC plot is an effective graphical tool for selecting the member of a distributional family with a single shape parameter that best fits a given set of data. www.itl.nist.gov /div898/handbook/eda/section3/eda363.htm   (217 words)

Formulas for Fitted Curves   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31) By default, the method of percentiles given by Slifker and Shapiro (1980) is used to estimate the parameters. to denote the shape parameter of the lognormal distribution, whereas is used to denote the scale parameter of the beta, exponential, gamma, normal, and Weibull distributions. www.asu.edu /sas/sasdoc/sashtml/qc/chap4/sect10.htm   (1137 words)

The Journal of Design Research The domain of shape variation as a function of one or more parameters is defined by the set of all possible shapes reachable during variation, in which each element in the set is associated to a, possibly multi-component, parameter value. Within a shape context, shapes can be altered using one or many parameters, where the choice of parameters (and hence of the variations) can be kept fully free. The parameter a influences the slope of the transition surface between protrusion and the remainder of the motor hood surface. jdr.tudelft.nl /articles/issue2004.01/Art4.html   (4031 words)

Gamma distribution - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia For integer values of the parameter k it is also known as the Erlang distribution. where k > 0 is the shape parameter and θ > 0 is the scale parameter of the gamma distribution. That is the meaning of θ (or β) being the scale parameter. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Gamma_distribution   (606 words)

Median Encyclopedia Article @ NaturalResearch.org (Natural Research)   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31) When the median is used as a location parameter in descriptive statistics, there are several choices for a measure of variability: the range, the interquartile range, and the absolute deviation. The median of an exponential distribution with parameter λ is the scale parameter times the natural log of 2, λln 2. Calculation of medians is a popular technique in summary statistics and summarizing statistical data, since it is simple to understand and easy to calculate, while also giving a measure that is more robust in the presence of outlier values than is the mean. www.naturalresearch.org /encyclopedia/Median   (853 words)

ASQ: Publications: Journal of Quality Technology In this paper we describe procedures for testing the hypothesis that the sample was drawn from a gamma distribution with unknown scale parameter for the cases where the shape parameter is known or unknown. The shape parameter known situation arises when the number of sub-events needed to activate the occurrence is fixed and known. The shape parameter unknown case would occur, for example, in the study of the lifetime of a component which fails after k shocks where the times between shocks are i.i.d. www.asq.org /pub/jqt/past/vol33_issue1/47.html   (617 words)

Bayesian Testing The shape parameter is governed by the physics of failure. The shape parameter is usually stable and tends to remain constant. For example, if the shape parameter for master cylinders will be similar for master cylinders for small cars, large trucks, and for different designs because the physics of how the master cylinder fails is similar. www.engineeredsoftware.com /lmar/rt_bayesian.htm   (1281 words)

: Class FontExtrusion The shape of the extrusion path is, by default, a straight line from 0.0 to 0.2 (known as a straight bevel). The shape may be modified via the extrusionShape parameter, a Shape object that describes the 3D contour of a Font3D object. The specified shape is used to construct the edge contour of a Font3D object. java.sun.com /products/java-media/3D/forDevelopers/J3D_1_2_API/j3dapi/javax/media/j3d/FontExtrusion.html   (470 words)

Method of designing reflective surface of reflector in vehicle lamp - Patent 6578996 The surface shape obtained for the first quadrant may be applied to each of those surface portions as it is, or it is also possible to generate different surface shapes for the respective quadrants and combine them to form the entire reflective surface shape. The parameter input section 2 enables the designer to input the shape parameters such as the number of base points (or the number of XY partial curves), the Y-coordinates y.sub.0 to y.sub.n of the respective base points P.sub.0 to P.sub.n, and the reflection angles.beta..sub.0 to.beta..sub.n at the respective base points P.sub.0 to P.sub.n. The parameter input section 2 may also be configured similarly to allow the designer to input the fundamental parameters such as the X-coordinate of the light source position F and the focal length f.sub.0 at the start point, which are set prior to the designing of the reflective surface RS (cf. www.freepatentsonline.com /6578996.html   (5378 words)

Oscillator providing waveform having dynamically continuously variable waveshape - Patent 6806413 The oscillator is efficient in that it generates the shapes in a time consonant with sampling rates commonly used in music synthesis, and is generally free of discontinuities which would otherwise create audible alias components on subsequent signal processing. This parameter may be set by the user; may be fixed by the particular implementation; or may be controllable by other circuitry. 4A, with a waveshape parameter of n=0.01, the resultant waveform is of a generally sawtooth shape, with steep slope at the beginning and end of the interval, and a smooth ramped slope in between. www.freepatentsonline.com /6806413.html   (3256 words)

GammaDistribution (SOCR API Specification) This class models the gamma distribution with a specified shape parameter and scale parameter. If the shape parameter is ≥ 1, the maximum occurs at x = b(k &minus 1). If shape parameter is an integer, this is done by simulating an arrival time in a Poisson proccess. socr.stat.ucla.edu /docs/edu/uah/math/distributions/GammaDistribution.html   (359 words)

The Gamma Distribution Vary the shape parameter and note the shape of the density function. The reciprocal of the shape parameter is known as the Vary the parameters and note the shape and location of the density function and the mean/standard deviation bar. www.ds.unifi.it /VL/VL_EN/special/special3.html   (785 words)

Characteristic Effects of the Shape Parameter, Beta, for the Weibull Distribution Different values of the shape parameter can have marked effects on the behavior of the distribution. In fact, some values of the shape parameter will cause the distribution equations to reduce to those of other distributions. Figure 6-1: The effect of the Weibull shape parameter on the pdf. www.weibull.com /LifeDataWeb/characteristic_effects_of_the_shape_parameter,_beta,_for_the_weibull_distribution.htm   (599 words)

CMSC 131: Project 8   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31) Each time a shape must be drawn, you will make many, many calls to this method -- one for each pixel in the rectangular area defined by the center, width and height of the shape. The parameter (g) represents the rectangular graphical area on the screen where all of our shapes will be drawn. Note that the base of the triangle must be drawn on the bottom (don't accidentally draw the triangle upside-down!) When implementing the isPointInside method, you may want to consider the interior of the triangle as the solution to a set of three linear inequalities (one for each side of the triangle). www.cs.umd.edu /class/spring2006/cmsc131/Projects/P8/proj8Description.html   (2871 words)

R: Estimate the Shape Parameter of the Gamma Distribution in a GLM Fit   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31) Estimate the Shape Parameter of the Gamma Distribution in a GLM Fit A glm fit for a Gamma family correctly calculates the maximum likelihood estimate of the mean parameters but provides only a crude estimate of the dispersion parameter. This function takes the results of the glm fit and solves the maximum likelihood equation for the reciprocal of the dispersion parameter, which is usually called the shape (or exponent) parameter. www.utdallas.edu /~ammann/Rabundance/Rwin/library/mass/html/gamma.shape.glm.html   (201 words)

SHPP   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31) Since the default shape parameter error limits are set to allow almost any usable element, the elements this option allows, which would otherwise be forbidden, are likely to be very poorly shaped. Lists the shape parameter limits currently in effect, along with status information about element shape checking (for example, whether any individual shape tests are off, whether any of the shape parameter limits have been modified, and so on). Since the shape parameter limit array was completely reorganized at ANSYS 5.4, you should revise any input files created prior to 5.4 that contain limit changes so that they reflect the reorganized data structure. www.oulu.fi /tietohallinto/ohjeet/unix/ansys-6.1/content/Hlp_C_SHPP.html   (1488 words)

Common Shape Parameter Likelihood Ratio Test In order to assess the assumption of a common shape parameter among the data obtained at various stress levels, the likelihood ratio (LR) test can be utilized [= 4) BSPSPopupOnMouseOver(event)" CLASS="BSSCPopup">28]. This test applies to any distribution with a shape parameter. When Weibull is used as the underlying life distribution, the shape parameter, www.weibull.com /AccelTestWeb/common_shape_parameter_likelihood_ration_test.htm   (338 words)

Tractrix Java Applet Class Note that position 0,0 is in the upper left hand corner of the applet area, the x axis extends right and the y axis extends down; all values should be positive. parameter is one, two or three parameters giving the minimum, maximum and increment between creep values. Typically the maximum creep parameter should be no more than a third of the smallest shape side size. www.phdcc.com /tractrix.html   (404 words)

info to shape database Objects are represented and analyzed as geometric shapes as opposed to the most of standard methods that use vectors of shape parameters or pixel grids of grey values. The shape similarity measure is universal, it can be applied to contours of any shape and does not require parameter adjustment before. This is due to a novel discrete curve evolution method, the {\em shape abstraction}, which is applied to the contour before the similarity measure. www.math.uni-hamburg.de /projekte/shape/prospekt/prospekt.html   (450 words)

RTF2FO and RTF DOM API Specification: Class RTFShape The shape is positioned relative to the column in the horizontal direction. The shape is positioned relative to the margin. The shape is positioned relative to the paragraph in the vertical direction. www.rtf2fo.com /javadoc/ru/novosoft/dc/rtf/dom/RTFShape.html   (370 words)

The Pareto Distribution Vary the shape parameter and note the shape and location of the density function. Vary the shape parameter and note the shape and location of the density function and the distribution function. Vary the parameters and note the shape and location of the mean/standard deviation bar. www.ds.unifi.it /VL/VL_EN/special/special12.html   (350 words)

Aggregation of shape-altered erythrocytes: An in vitro study THE shape of a normal erythrocyte is a biconcave disc (discocyte) which represents an equilibrium state between the two distinct shapes, i.e. The shapes of the cells before and after their exposure to drugs were photographed. The deformability of cells is affected by the shape alteration procedure. www.ias.ac.in /currsci/sep25/articles23.htm   (1908 words)

Graphical Estimation   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31) Note that for Q-Q plots requested with the WEIBULL2 option, you can estimate the shape parameter c from a linear pattern using the fact that the slope of the pattern is [1/c]. (An exception to this rule is the two-parameter Weibull distribution, for which the intercept and slope are related to the scale and shape parameters.) Table 10.16 shows how the intercept and slope are related to the parameters for each distribution supported by the QQPLOT statement. Example 10.2 illustrates parameter estimation using a lognormal plot, and Example 10.3 illustrates estimation using two-parameter and three-parameter Weibull plots. www.asu.edu /it/fyi/dst/helpdocs/statistics/sas/sasdoc/sashtml/qc/chap10/sect12.htm   (701 words)

ReliaSoft's Reliability Edge: A High Value of Beta is Not Necessarily Cause for Concern Although often viewed with fear and loathing by reliability engineers, a high value of the Weibull distribution’s shape parameter beta is not necessarily a cause for concern. The distribution’s shape parameter, often denoted as the Greek letter beta contributes to this flexibility. In other words, a high value of the shape parameter (beta) is not a problem in itself, as long as the corresponding value of the scale parameter (often denoted as eta) is high enough to allow the product to achieve an acceptable overall reliability. www.reliasoft.com /newsletter/1q2001/beta.htm   (923 words)

Table Due to these formulas the vertices maintain their relative positions with respect to the alignment box of the shape when the shape is resized. They can be associated with a parameter or a group of parameters of a shape, allowing you to easily modify the shape by repositioning its control handle. These parameters include the parameters, to which the event is assigned and they will be re-calculated on that event. www.conceptdraw.com /en/resources/HelpCDV/Table.htm   (2857 words)

FORTRAN Interface The shape parameter is an integer array containing the sizes of each dimension of the data. The rank parameter is the number of dimensions of the data. The cnames parameter is an array of strings containing the names of the coordinates. godel.ph.utexas.edu /Members/marsa/rnpl/users_guide/node12.html   (383 words)

: Index   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31) Pre: The name parameter has been passed to the method, there is access to the ChangeObject class Post: the Button with label name has been added to the pad object and the ChangeObject action listener has been set to listen for a button push. Pre: The name parameter has been passed to the method, there is access to the ChangeState class Post: the Button with label name has been added to the pad object and the ChangeState action listener has been set to listen for a button push. Pre: The state is move, parameters all have values, first(X,Y) are the coordinates that the mouse was first pressed, second is where the mouse was released. www.ecst.csuchico.edu /~chmackey/lab1/doc/index-all.html   (1128 words)

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