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	Shareholder
		A shareholder may also be referred to as a stockholder.
		They have the potential to profit if the company does well, but that comes with the potential to lose if the company does poorly.
		Knowing Your Rights As A Shareholder - We delve into common stock owner's privileges and how to be vigilant in monitoring a company.
	www.investopedia.com /terms/s/shareholder.asp (243 words)

	Shareholder - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A shareholder or stockholder is an individual or company (including a corporation) that legally owns one or more shares of stock in a joint stock company.
		Stockholders or shareholders are considered by some to be a partial subset of stakeholders, which may include anyone who has a direct or indirect equity interest in the business entity or someone with even a non-pecuniary interest in a non-profit organization.
		For example, in California, majority shareholders of closely held corporations have a duty to not destroy the value of the shares held by minority shareholders.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Shareholder (340 words)

	Corporation Finance: Staff Legal Bulletin No. 14 (Shareholder Proposals)
		If a shareholder believes that a company's statement in opposition is materially false or misleading, the shareholder may promptly send a letter to us and the company explaining the reasons for his or her view, as well as a copy of the proposal and statement in opposition.
		To avoid exclusion on the basis of untimeliness, a shareholder should submit his or her proposal well in advance of the deadline and by a means that allows the shareholder to demonstrate the date the proposal was received at the company's principal executive offices.
		Shareholders who wish to contest a company's reliance on a legal opinion as to matters of state or foreign law should, but are not required to, submit an opinion of counsel supporting their position.
	www.sec.gov /interps/legal/cfslb14.htm (8478 words)

	Activist shareholder - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		An activist shareholder uses an equity stake in a corporation to put public pressure on its management.
		The goals of activist shareholders range from economic (increase of shareholder value through changes in corporate policy, financing structure, cost cutting, etc.) to non-economic (disinvestment from particular countries, adoption of environmentally friendly policies, etc.).
		The attraction of shareholder activism lies in its comparative cheapness; a fairly small stake (less than 10% of outstanding shares) may be enough to launch a successful campaign.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Activist_shareholder (227 words)

	Railroads & Clearcuts shareholder activism
		Sponsored by shareholder Bart Naylor; presented by Janine Blaeloch.
		Poison pill resolution that the board of directors will solicit shareholder approval for any "shareholder rights" plan that might be adopted, and that if this approval is not granted in the form of a majority of the shares voted, then any rights plan be redeemed.
		A shareholder resolution calling for a special report on dividend policy (including the Weyerhaeuser family's role in the company) won 8%, less than the previous year when it won 18%.
	www.landgrant.org /shareholder.html (909 words)

	HRC \| Shareholder Info
		The stockholder must hold the stock through the annual shareholder meeting and he or she — or an authorized representative — must be present at the meeting to move the proposal.
		In 2000, the shareholder resolution garnered 8.2 percent of the vote, the highest vote among shareholder resolutions.
		Shareholder proposals rarely capture more than 10 percent of shares voted, so they never "win" in the sense that they are passed.
	www.hrc.org /Content/NavigationMenu/ExxonMobil_Home2/Information_and_Action/Shareholder_Info1/Taking_Stock_of_Shareholder_Resolutions.htm (1032 words)

	Shareholder Value - Wikipedia
		Der Shareholder Value, gelegentlich auch Aktionärsnutzen, ist als der Marktwert des Eigenkapitals definiert (vereinfacht als der Unternehmenswert und der davon abhängige Wert der Anteile).
		Der Shareholder Value-Ansatz geht auf das im Jahr 1986 veröffentlichte Buch von Alfred Rappaport zurück.
		Bei einer genauen Betrachtung dieser Interpretationen wird jedoch schnell klar, dass diese Interpretationen nichts mehr mit den Ausführungen von Rappaport gemein haben.
	de.wikipedia.org /wiki/Shareholder_Value (819 words)

	CorpWatch : 'Tis the Season for Shareholder Activism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Shareholder meetings are also the one opportunity each year where minority shareholders and advocacy groups have a chance to speak directly with the company boards in a public forum.
		Here, the shareholders went as far as to ask the company to promise to give all workers the right to form and join trade unions, to refuse to use bonded or prison labor and to refuse to use child labor.
		In January 2004, for example, an environmental resolution for J.P. Morgan Chase’s shareholder meeting was withdrawn when, after some negotiation, the company agreed to establish an office of environmental affairs reporting to senior executive staff that assesses environmental impact of the projects it financed.
	www.corpwatch.org /article.php?id=12195 (1988 words)

	BSR » Business for Social Responsibility - Shareholder Engagement
		As shareholder activism and socially responsible investing have continued to grow, companies are deriving a variety of business benefits from proactively engaging shareholders in direct communication related to a wide variety of corporate social responsibility issues.
		Expansion of Shareholder Activism Globally: While shareholder activism largely originated with religious and socially responsible investors in the United States, investors in the United Kingdom and Europe are beginning to utilize a similar strategy and are leveraging their power as shareholders to engage with companies and influence corporate behavior on a range of issues.
		Ford concluded this summary by reporting, “The shareholder proponents have also expressed their appreciation to Ford for including in the proxy statement a discussion of the proposal and the basis on which the shareholder proponents agreed to its withdrawal.
	www.bsr.org /CSRResources/IssueBriefDetail.cfm?DocumentID=49814 (3684 words)

	Business and Human Rights
		Currently, Amnesty International USA is using shareholder activism to help protect the health and environment of communities in Bhopal affected by the Union Carbide chemical disaster, and indigenous peoples in Ecuador’s Amazon impacted by irresponsible drilling practices by Texaco.
		Using shareholder pressure, AIUSA has met with top corporate executives, spoken out at shareholder meetings, been quoted in the press, and won the votes of billions of dollars worth of stock for its shareholder resolutions.
		A shareholder resolution is the corporate equivalent of a motion filed at an AIUSA conference.
	www.amnestyusa.org /business/shareholder.html (2160 words)

	The Walt Disney Company - Shareholder Frequently Asked Questions
		A: Yes, each shareholder must provide valid photo identification such as a driver's license or passport that corresponds to the ticket (or brokerage statement) he or she is presenting for entry.
		Joint accounts, investment club accounts, etc. are also limited to one shareholder and one guest (for example, for a joint account both account holders may attend, but with no guest, or one holder may attend with a guest).
		A: Tickets are non-transferable unless the registered shareholder gives a written and signed instruction to a representative who is authorized to attend and vote on the shareholder's behalf.
	corporate.disney.go.com /investors/shareholder_faq.html (2736 words)

	How to File a Shareholder Resolution (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Filing a shareholder resolution at a public company is a relatively simple process.
		The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), which is charged with overseeing the shareholder process, requires that shareholders own at least $2,000 worth of shares in a company (or 1% of all shares) to file a shareholder proposal.
		To file a shareholder proposal, you must submit the proposal to a company by the deadline stated in the company's proxy statement, usually six months before the annual meeting.
	www.aflcio.org /corporateamerica/paywatch/what2do/w_howshare.cfm (309 words)

	Shareholder Victories (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Shareholder groups supporting such shareholder resolutions argue that power companies and other industries contributing to CO2 emissions are potentially subject to huge litigation and plant-retooling costs in the event of government regulation, which most observers view as inevitable.
		Shareholders and nonprofit groups began meeting with Citigroup in 1998 over the social and environmental ramifications of the bank’s funding of Three Gorges Dam, the largest dam in the world.
		The most active shareholder group involved in the policy change was the Seattle Pride Foundation, which invested in Wal-Mart two years ago and started to apply pressure on the company to expand its policy to include lesbians and gays.
	www.sriadvocacy.org /victories_2003.cfm (4710 words)

	SIO-shareholder advocacy background
		Shareholder Advocacy is defined as the process of using your power as a shareholder to influence corporations on particular issues or actions.
		If corporate management is adamant that it does not want to heed your wishes as a shareholder, you may want to consider selling your shares as a way to show the managers your displeasure with their lack of action.
		But shareholder advocacy can give clout to stakeholder voices that would otherwise be silent or ignored.
	www.socialinvestment.ca /shareholderbackground.htm (713 words)

	shareholder power - Hutchinson encyclopedia article about shareholder power (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		In reality, despite the rights that shareholders have, such as the right to attend the annual general meeting (AGM) and to vote on new directors, most shareholders have very little power.
		Institutional shareholders tend to wield more power than other shareholders because of the ability they have to influence the financial markets' perception of a company.
		This information should not be considered complete, up to date, and is not intended to be used in place of a visit, consultation, or advice of a legal, medical, or any other professional.
	encyclopedia.farlex.com /shareholder+power (134 words)

	Maximizing Shareholder Value
		Perhaps the clearest example of this is from the mid to late 1980s when captive owners sought to underwrite general insurance business in the commercial market place.
		Reflective of the hardened and hardening market of the time, some captive owners felt they could achieve greater shareholder value for the parent company by exposing their capital base to the risks of numerous other companies.
		It may be able to provide the elusive cover needed to insure liabilities of a company being sold or to ‘warehouse’ liabilities of a company being acquired e.g.
	www.captive.com /service/marsh/shareholder_value.html (854 words)

	Shareholder Proposals
		A shareholder proponent is encouraged to submit a proposal or a response to a notice of defects by a means that allows him or her to determine when the proposal or response was received by the company, such as by facsimile.
		However, if the shareholder proponent transmits these materials by facsimile, the shareholder proponent should ensure that he or she has obtained the correct facsimile number for making such submissions.
		For example, if the shareholder proponent obtains the company's facsimile number from a third-party website, and the facsimile number is incorrect, the shareholder proponent's proposal may be subject to exclusion on the basis that the shareholder proponent failed to submit the proposal or response in a timely manner.
	www.sec.gov /interps/legal/cfslb14c.htm (2047 words)

	SSRN-The Shareholder Primacy Norm by Gordon Smith
		Legal scholars generally assume that the shareholder primacy norm is a major factor considered by boards of directors of publicly traded corporations in making ordinary business decisions and that changing the shareholder primacy norm would have an effect on the substance of those decisions.
		This Article challenges this view and argues that the shareholder primacy norm was never equipped to mediate conflicts between shareholders and nonshareholder constituencies of a corporation.
		As a result, even though the shareholder primacy norm is closely associated with debates about the social responsibility of publicly traded corporations, it's impact on the ordinary business decisions of such corporations is extremely limited.
	papers.ssrn.com /sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=10571 (360 words)

	Shareholder Proposals in Proxy Statements
		Faced with an increasing number of disputes between companies and shareholders regarding shareholder proposals, the Staff released the bulletin to explain the rule 14a-8 process, provide guidance regarding issues that commonly arise under the rule and to suggest ways to facilitate its review of 14a-8 no-action requests.
		Additionally, the bulletin clarifies that the Staff does not address the merits of shareholder proposals and that the Staff’s primary concern is that shareholders receive full and accurate information regarding proposals that should be included in a proxy statement under the proxy rules.
		The Staff may also intervene if a shareholder believes that a company’s statement in opposition to the shareholder’s proposal is materially false or misleading.
	www.ffhsj.com /cmemos/113001_proxy.htm (1167 words)

	ProfessorBainbridge.com: Shareholder Activism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		We have seen this phenomenon before, including one of the best known case studies of shareholder activism; namely, the effort to get investors to withhold authority for their shares to be voted to elect directors at Disney’s 2004 annual shareholder meeting.
		The relationship between hedge funds and other shareholders of a company thus is an example of what my UCLA law school colleague Iman Anabtawi calls the problem of divergent shareholder interests.
		She explains that while shareholders are usually assumed to have a common interest in maximizing shareholder wealth:
	www.professorbainbridge.com /2005/11/shareholder_act.html (1417 words)

	Ethical Funds® - Shareholder Resolutions
		Qualifying shareholder resolutions are included in the proxy circular mailed to all shareholders prior to the company's annual meeting.
		Shareholder resolutions are an important opportunity to influence corporations on significant issues.
		The shareholder resolution process allows us to use our influence as a large shareholder, based on the collective voice and values of our unitholders.
	www.ethicalfunds.com /do_the_right_thing/sri/shareholder_action/shareholder_resolutions.asp?refid=ef_generic_long (124 words)

	U. S. Steel - Shareholder Information
		Shareholders of record can request a copy of the Plan Prospectus and an authorization form from Shareholder Services.
		If a stock certificate is lost, stolen or destroyed, notify Shareholder Services in writing so that a "stop transfer" can be placed on the missing certificate.
		It is important to notify Shareholder Services immediately, by phone, in writing or by FAX, when you change your address.
	www.ussteel.com /corp/investor_shareholders/shareholder.htm (593 words)

	[corp-focus] Questioning the Call for More Shareholder Power
		Of course, shareholders did not want CEOs to steal from their companies and arrange bogus loans to themselves.
		For the one-time contribution to corporations at their founding, or at the placement of shares on the market, shareholders gain perpetual absolute control of the corporation.
		But it is nonetheless worth assessing as a conceptual tool, and perhaps as a long-term project, to move business enterprises out of the shareholder-dominated and for-profit paradigms, to a place where new values may govern their operations.
	lists.essential.org /pipermail/corp-focus/2002/000123.html (633 words)

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