Shatt al-Arab - Factbites

Shatt al-Arab - Factbites
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Topic: Shatt al-Arab

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	Arvand/Shatt al-Arab - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Shatt al-Arab (Arabic: شطالعرب, "Stream of the Arabs") or Arvand (called اروندرود: arvandrūd in Persian), also called the Shatt-al-Arab waterway, is a river in Southwest Asia of some 200 km in length, formed by the confluence of the Euphrates and the Tigris in the town of al-Qurnah in southern Iraq.
		It is thought that the Shatt al-Arab formed relatively recently, with the Tigris and Euphrates originally emptying into the Gulf via a channel further to the west.
		The Shatt al-Arab waterway was Iraq's only outlet to the Persian Gulf, and thus, its shipping lanes were greatly affected by continuous Iranian attacks.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Shatt_al-Arab (847 words)

	annotatedreference
		Shatt Al Arab River is formed when the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers of Iraq and the Karun river of Iran meet near Basrah in Iraq.
		A population of the intertidal, ovoviviparous, cirolanid isopod Annina mesopotamica was studied at the Al-Chibassy tributary of the Shatt Al-Arab river from 14 May 1973 to 29 April 1974, and at the Garmat-Ali river of the Shatt Al-Arab, Basrah, Iraq from 5 November 1984 to 30 June 1986.
		The structure of populations of Acanthopagrus latus in the Shatt al-Arab River and Khor al-Zubair area of Iraq was assessed from electrophoretic and morphological characters.
	www.kisr.edu.kw /isd/mfd/mfdlpub/shattalarab.html (7859 words)

	Iranica.com - SHATT AL-ARAB
		The Shatt al-Arab is influenced by tides in the Persian Gulf, from ca.
		As Lees and Falcon observed in 1952, a comparison of British Admiralty naval charts from 1825 and 1942 documented "a shift of the channel of the Shatt al Arab to the north-east".
		This is thought to be identical to the Haffar (Háaffa@r) canal, which the Arab geographer Moqaddasi (fl.
	www.iranica.com /articles/ot_grp5/ot_shatt_al_arab_20040909.html (2037 words)

	Eden Again, Marshland Information - Bibliography A-L
		The Reproductive-Biology of Parhyale-Basrensis Salman (Crustacea, Amphipoda) in the Shatt Al-Arab River.
		Investigations on Meiofauna and Sediment of Shatt Al-Arab near Basrah (Iraq).
		The presence of Barbus luteus and Heteropneustes fossilis in the Khor al Zubair, in the North-West of the Arab Gulf.
	www.edenagain.org /bibliography/allbib.html (6585 words)

	Mosul
		Basrah is the largest city in southern Iraq, situated on the west bank of Shatt Al-Arab, 55 km from the Arabian Gulf and 545 km from Baghdad.
		As time went by canals appeared connecting the city with the Arab Gulf and Shatt al-Arab.
		The Shatt al Basrah canal was navigable by shallow-draft craft before closing in 1991 because of the Gulf war.
	www.globalsecurity.org /military/world/iraq/basrah.htm (1251 words)

	Special Report
		The Shatt Al-Arab is composed of a small section of the confluence of the Iraqi Tigris and Euphrates rivers, which are also joined by the Karun river flowing from Iran.
		According to an 1843 agreement between the Ottoman and Persian governments, the Ottoman waters of the Shatt Al-Arab extended to the eastern bank of the river estuary, with the exception of the mouth of the Karun River and two islands which remained in Persian hands.
		The issue of Shatt sovereignty was totally overshadowed by the bloody and costly eight-year war that erupted in 1980 when the waterway, cluttered with the hulks of sunken ships, became unnavigable.
	www.wrmea.com /backissues/0489/8904008.htm (988 words)

	Shad of the Shatt Al-Arab River in Iraq
		he Shatt Al-Arab River ("Stream of the Arabs") is formed by the confluence of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers at Qarmat 'Ali, 160 kilometers north of the Arabian Gulf (Figure 1).
		The Shatt Al-Arab River is under the continuous effect of floods from the Tigris, Euphrates, Karun and Kargah rivers.
		Shatt Al-Arab River, home to sbour, is formed by the confluence of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers.
	www.cqs.washington.edu /~hinrich/shad/JOURNAL4.2/vol4n2.htm (4396 words)

	Abadan
		It is known to Arabs as Jazirat-ul-Khidhr from a tomb situated on the Bahmishir dedicated to the saint of that name.
		Abadan is referred to by the historian Nasir Khusrau, writing in the 13th century, as the most southerly settlement of Mesopotamia, and it is not improbable that it is identical with the site of the port Charax mentioned by Herodotus.
	webpages.charter.net /BrianOtte/encyclopedia_project/a/abadan.html (434 words)

	Iraq Terrain
		Moreover, the swamps act as silt traps, and the Shatt al Arab is relatively silt free as it flows south.
		Below Basra, however, the Karun River enters the Shatt al Arab from Iran, carrying large quantities of silt that present a continuous dredging problem in maintaining a channel for ocean-going vessels to reach the port at Basra.
		An area of historical dispute between Iraq and Iran, the Shatt al-Arab waterway provides Iraq with a narrow corridor to the Persian Gulf.
	www.globalsecurity.org /military/world/iraq/terrain.htm (1795 words)

	SHATT-AL-ARAB
		Bounded by the Kerkhah and Shatt al-Arab rivers on the west, the Arab Gulf on the south, and the Zagros Mountains on the north and east, the region was strategically situated in relation to major navigational arteries feeding into the Gulf, as well as the important Shatt al-Arab port of Basra.
		Iraq's stated war aims for its 22 September 1980 attack on Iran were to recover rights of exclusive navigation of the Shatt al-Arab, to regain several islands held by Iran since 1971 - Map-5.
		Furthermore, the Arab tribes that inhabited the area gave nominal allegiance to the Persian Empire in order to maintain their independence from Ottoman encroachment, while the topography and distance protected them from unwanted Persian interference.
	www.defencejournal.com /jul99/shatt-al-arab.htm (3517 words)

	Arvandrud/Shatt al-Arab - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Shatt al-Arab (Arabic: شط العرب, "Stream of the Arabs") or Arvandrud (called اروندرود: arvandrūd in Persian), is a river in Southwest Asia of some 200 km in length, formed by the confluence of the Euphrates and the Tigris in the town of al-Qurnah in southern Iraq.
		When the al-Faw peninsula was captured by the Iranians in 1987, Iraq's shipping activities virtually came to a halt and had to be diverted to other Arab ports, such as Kuwait and even Aqaba, Jordan.
		Tensions between the opposing empires that extended across a wide range of religious, cultural and political conflicts, led to the outbreak of hostilities in the 19th century and eventually yielded the Second Treaty of Erzerum between the two parties, in 1847, after protracted negotiations, which included British and Russian delegates.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Shatt_al-Arab (852 words)

	Aljazeera.Net - British seamen could face Iranian court
		The Shatt al-Arab border demarcation was a constant source of dispute - and of conflict during the 1980-1988 war between Iran and Iraq- under Saddam Hussein, until a deal was struck for the frontier to run at the mid-way point.
		British armed forces control a large area of southern Iraq around the city of Basra, and along with Iraqi security forces patrol parts of the Shatt al-Arab, mostly to combat smugglers and anti-occupation forces seeking to enter Iraq.
		The Shatt al-Arab was disputed between Iraq and Iran
	english.aljazeera.net /NR/exeres/161E2F3B-CFC6-4559-986F-3195691A47BF.htm (806 words)

	GN Online: Iraqi ports catch global attention
		The two Iraqi waterways – Shatt Al Arab and Khor Abdullah – connect the Tigris and Euphratis rivers that criss-cross the Iraqi plains, with the Arabian Gulf.
		Basra Port: Basra, the ancient major port of the Gulf and once the main port of Iraq, is 85 miles upstream on the Tigris from the Gulf on the Shatt Al Arab, southern Iraq.
		It lies at the far end of Shatt Al Arab and has 14 berths but because of the ships that sunk in Shatt Al Arab during the Iraq-Iran war, navigation to this port has been badly affected.
	www.gulf-news.com /Articles/news.asp?ArticleID=82724 (1235 words)

	Commentary by Rick Francona
		The Shatt Al-'Arab is the narrow waterway formed by the confluence of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers at Al-Qurnah, Iraq, and running south approximately 120 miles to the Persian Gulf.
		The southern 50 miles of the Shatt form the international border between the countries of Iraq and Iran.
		United Nations (UN) sanctions against Iraq in place since 1990 have stopped Iraqi trade through the Shatt and Persian Gulf.
	home.earthlink.net /~emf101/commentaries/shatt.html (817 words)

	Iran orders British ... - Jun. 24, 2004
		The decision was taken in light of the British troops' insistence during interrogation that their infringement of Iran's territorial waters along the Shatt al-Arab waterway along the southernmost part of the Iran-Iraq border had been accidental, he said.
		The officers in the unit appeared to be reading from a prepared text, and behind them could be seen the strategic Shatt al-Arab that demarcates the southern border between Iran and Iraq and where the Tigris and Euphrates rivers flow into the Gulf.
		A member of Iran's armed forces general staff, Ali Reza Afshar, told the student news agency ISNA that "the order to free the boats and the crew" had been issued during the night.
	www.inq7.net /wnw/2004/jun/24/text/wnw_7-1-p.htm (570 words)

	The Iran-Iraq Border 1840-1958, Archive Editions
		The exact extent to which Iraqi dissatisfaction with the status of the Shatt al Arab (the Iran-Iraq boundary's southernmost estuarine constituent) was responsible for the onset of the war in September 1980 has been widely debated but the issue remains of central importance.
		While the protracted and troublesome evolution of the Shatt al Arab dispute has been reasonably well covered by the literature in recent years, the land boundary dispute further north has received far less attention.
		Memorandum on negotiations respecting the erection of fortifications on the Shatt al Arab in connection with the Treaty of Erzeroum of 1847.
	www.archiveeditions.co.uk /Leafcopy/160-5.htm (2383 words)

	Middle East Online
		Among projects that have been approved by the local government is construction of a 2.5-km (1.5-mile) causeway between the western and eastern banks of Shatt al-Arab in a bid to bring life to the eastern part of the waterway.
		A Kuwaiti company has bid to construct a huge industrial and storage facility area on the Shatt al-Arab waterway on an area of eight square kilometers (three square miles) which can be doubled in the future.
		Shatt Al-Arab is among the among the projects approved
	www.middle-east-online.com /english?id=7786 (615 words)

	Brain Off
		Shatt al-Arab is the confluence of the Euphrates and Tigris Rivers, forming the border between Iraq and Iran.
		The region of Shatt al-Arab is home to the Marsh Arabs, who quite naturally used both sides of the river for their livelihood (and hopefully will again as post-Saddam restoration efforts take root).
		A river might seem a natural geographic demarcation.
	radio.weblogs.com /0100875/2004/12/01.html (237 words)

	Shatt al Arab waterway, border of Iraq and Iran
		Shatt al Arab waterway, border of Iraq and Iran
		The Shatt al Arab flows into the Persian Gulf.
		Day 1 — Iraq — Shatt al Arab waterway
	www.harrys-stuff.com /overland-1/shatt-al-arab.php (70 words)

	Euphrates River, Iraq
		North of Basra, in southern Iraq, the river merges with the Tigris to form the Shatt al-Arab, which in turn empties into the Persian Gulf.
		The river used to divide into many channels at Basra, forming an extensive marshland, but the marshes were largely drained by the Saddam Hussein government in the 1990s as a means of driving out the rebellious Marsh Arabs.
		Since the 2003 invasion of Iraq, the drainage policy has been reversed, but it remains to be seen whether the marshes will recover.
	creekin.net /c4444-n88-euphrates-river-iraq.html (769 words)

	the fourth rail
		The sailors were escorting boats to be used by Iraq's river patrol security services, and appear to have been detained by the Iranian Revolutionary Guards in the Shatt al-Arab waterway (see map), a hotly disputed border area between Iran and Iraq.
		They were 1,000 metres inside Iranian territorial waters," said the Arabic-language satellite channel, a branch of Iran's state television.
	thefourthrail.blogspot.com /2004/06/shatt-al-arab.html (525 words)

	ICE Cases: Iran-Iraq War and Waterway Claims
		Schofield, Richard N. Evolution of the Shatt Al-' Arab Boundary Dispute.
		This last part is of strategic importance to Iraq which is land-locked except for the narrow strip which runs along the Shatt.
		However, the tribes on both sides were Arabs and thus the Turks viewed the entire area (both sides) as belonging to them.
	www.american.edu /projects/mandala/TED/ice/IRANIRAQ.HTM (1887 words)

	Institute for War and Peace Reporting
		Residents say the waterfront used to be out of bounds for fishing boats, but Saddam's relative Ali Hassan al-Majeed, appointed military governor of Basra before the war, inexplicably moved fishing boats from Fao island at the mouth of the Shatt al-Arab to the Basra waterfront.
		As the area is far more accessible than Fao, which is 85 kilometres along unpaved roads away from the nearest places where they could buy spare parts and sell their wares, the sailors stayed.
		Along the waterfront, small boats are moored amid floating garbage and sludge formed from leaking fuel and oil.
	www.iwpr.net /index.pl?archive/irq/irq_83_3_eng.txt (648 words)

	Gulf War Leaflet C02
		I crossed the shore of the Shatt al-Arab as you wished, and I kept you on my head (an Arab compliment).
		Sign reads: "Shatt al-Arab", which is a prominent river separating Iraq from Iran.
		The crow is a regionally accpted symbol of an evil omen.
	www.psywarrior.com /C02.html (82 words)

	The Iranian: News & Views
		On the eve of the 1980-88 Iran-Iraq war, Baghdad announced that the Algiers accord was null and void and demanded all of the Shatt al-Arab.
		The waters of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers flow into the vast Shatt al-Arab, which empties into the Gulf.
		"Iraq is ready to renew the 1975 Algiers accord under which the two countries' border passes through the Thalweg, the deepest part of the Shatt al-Arab waterway, if Tehran gives up its claims to damages under UN Security Council Resolution 598," the weekly newspaper Al-Shab said.
	www.iranian.com /News/April98/border.html (276 words)

	templateC05.php?CID=1757
		The men, who served with the coalition forces in Iraq, had been in three boats intercepted in the Shatt al-Arab waterway, the confluence of the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers that forms the border with Iran.
		The men had apparently crossed into the Iranian portion of the Shatt al-Arab unintentionally.
		Yet, such a view would ignore the fact that there had been previous incidents of this sort in the Shatt al-Arab.
	www.washingtoninstitute.org /templateC05.php?CID=1757 (1191 words)

	DefenseLINK News: Iranians Detain Soldiers, Chopper Crash in Afghanistan
		The Shatt al Arab is a narrow waterway.
		The seven were in small boats going up the Shatt al Arab waterway when the Iranians detained them.
		The men and their boats were released and U.S. Navy craft located them in the Shatt al Arab.
	www.defenselink.mil /news/Jun2003/n06032003_200306032.html (310 words)

	The Euphrates River: The Politics of Water
		Just as the waters of the Shatt Al-'Arab impact the politics of Iran and Iraq*, the waters of the Euphrates impact the politics of the three nations who share the river.
		At the city of Al-Qurnah, it joins the Tigris River to form the Shatt Al-'Arab, which flows to the Persian Gulf and forms Iraq's southern border with Iran.
		Turkey blamed Syria for not properly managing the flow to Iraq, but the impact was made clear that the GAP was a major concern to the two Arab countries.
	www.suite101.com /article.cfm/middle_east/28688 (592 words)

	Bloomberg.com: Europe
		U.K. patrol boats that operate in the Shatt al-Arab may be involved in the reported seizure, said a spokesman for the U.K. Ministry of Defense, who didn't want to be identified.
		Iran detained three U.K. vessels and their eight crew near an oil rig in the Shatt al-Arab this morning, the British Broadcasting Corp. reported, citing an unidentified spokesman for the country's Revolutionary Guard Corps.
		The Royal Navy is helping train an Iraqi Riverine Patrol Service, which patrols the Shatt al-Arab looking for insurgents and smugglers, Wilson said.
	quote.bloomberg.com /apps/news?pid=10000085&sid=aVKkobNBb3L0&refer=europe (379 words)

	In the Red Zone: ALONG THE SHATT-AL-ARAB
		I repeat, may your enemies be trapped in the snares of the improper forms, the missing signature, the mis-printed date, the bureaucratic stamp that never falls...
		At Abdaly, we turn left toward Basra, the intersection supervised by US troops, one giant soldier standing in front of a humvee like a khaki-colored terminator.
		Farrid--the driver from the Al Baghli Transportation Company--picks me up at the Oasis Hotel.
	spencepublishing.typepad.com /in_the_red_zone/2005/05/along_the_shatt_1.html (1108 words)

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In the News (Fri 25 Dec 09)