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	shawm - Encyclopedia.com
		The shape and tone of the soprano shawm are comparable to those of the oboe, of which it is a precursor.
		The shawm was constructed from a single piece of wood that was conically bored.
		The Boston Shawm and Sackbut Ensemble is, of course, from...
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-shawm.html (966 words)

	Der Sackpfeyffer zu Linden - Shawm
		The shawm instruments are also called oboe instruments in the western influenced organology, although the (modern) oboe is the most atypical member of the shawm family.
		Shawms are double-reed wood-wind instruments with a conical bored tube that's mostly finished with a large bell.
		Shawms have 7-8 medium sized fingerholes whereby the eight hole is fingered with the left thumb.
	www.sackpfeyffer-zu-linden.de /shawm.html (632 words)

	Shalm Shawm - LoveToKnow 1911
		Michael Praetorius, at the beginning of the 7th century, enumerates the members of this family (see Oboe); the two of highest pitch are Schalmeys, the first or little Schalmey being in B17 (third line) or A, and the second, also called cantus or discant, in E or D below.
		The shawm or Schalmey had a compass of two octaves, the second diatonic octave being obtained by overblowing each of the notes of the first octave an octave higher; the chromatic semitones were produced by half stopping the holes and by cross-fingering.
		In some instances the reed mouthpiece was half enclosed in a pirouette, a small case having a slit through which that part of the reed which is taken into the mouth of the player was alone exposed, the edges of the slit thus forming a rest for his lips.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Shalm_Shawm (208 words)

	Spartanburg SC \| GoUpstate.com \| Spartanburg Herald-Journal
		The shawm was a medieval and Renaissance musical instrument of the woodwind family made in Europe from the late 13th century until the 17th century.
		The shawm's conical bore and flaring bell, combined with the style of playing dictated by the use of a pirouette, gave the instrument a piercing, trumpet-like sound well-suited for out-of-doors performance.
		The smaller sizes of shawm, chiefly the soprano, alto and sometimes the tenor, were more often coupled with the Renaissance trombone, or sackbut, and the majestic sound of this ensemble was much in demand by civic authorities.
	www.goupstate.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=shawm (1078 words)

	The Shawm Pifarri
		The shawm is a double reed instrument, as are, its relatives the bassoon and the bagpipe.
		During the Renaissance shawms came in seven different sizes, from the bass shawm (commonly known as a bombarde), through five instruments in the middle range, to the highest, the sopranino.
		The shawm and bombarde ensemble was prominent from the mid fourteenth century (roughly 1350) through the early to mid fifteenth century, until roughly 1450.
	www.tiltedworld.com /brenda/shawmpifarri.html (2367 words)

	Diabolus in Musica Guide to Early Instruments - The Shawm and Curtal
		The skills they developed on the shawm, however, and the resulting demand for their services for both civic and private functions, meant that by the sixteenth century their actual role was as town musicians, and an apprentice wishing to be employed as a town wait required proficiency on at least ten instruments
		Fashions then changed, and over a few decades, the soprano shawm lost its power and grandeur, acquired a narrower bore, a more introspective tone, some fancy turning and a couple of keys, and appeared in the salons of the eighteenth century as the new oboe.
		The soprano shawm was about two feet long, and the lower instruments increased in proportion, the bass being a monster which had to be played with the edge of its bell resting on the floor.
	www.diabolus.org /guide/shawm.htm (558 words)

	The Renaissance Shawm
		With the smaller size shawms, the reed could be placed inside a pirouette, a funnel shaped protector against which the player places his lips.
		Musica Antiqua's shawms include a soprano in c1 by Hermann Moeck, two altos in f by Moeck, a tenor in c by Moeck, a soprano in c1 by John Hanchet, and an alto in f by Collier.
		Bate: 'Shawm and Oboe Embouchure', GSJ, viii (1955), 60
	www.music.iastate.edu /antiqua/renshawm.htm (414 words)

	Shawm
		A popular Medieval and Renaissance instrument, in use from the 13th to the 17th century.
		The shawm has a widely conical bore and is made of wood.
		The shawm was made in seven sizes and preceded the oboe.
	www.music.vt.edu /musicdictionary/texts/Shawm.html (59 words)

	Shawm - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Shawm, generic term for double-reed musical instruments, found in many parts of the world, that incorporate a pirouette, a disc partially...
		Hautbois, in music, term used to describe smaller members of the shawm family of woodwind instruments.
		Windcap, in music, a cylindrical cover protecting the double reed of a woodwind instrument, such as the krummhorn or the shawm (instruments used...
	encarta.msn.com /Shawm.html (119 words)

	shawm - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Shawm, generic term for double-reed musical instruments, found in many parts of the world, that incorporate a pirouette, a disc partially...
		Hautbois, in music, term used to describe smaller members of the shawm family of woodwind instruments.
		Windcap, in music, a cylindrical cover protecting the double reed of a woodwind instrument, such as the krummhorn or the shawm (instruments used...
	ca.encarta.msn.com /shawm.html (104 words)

	Shawm - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		This is borne out by the very similar names of many folk shawms used as traditional instruments in various European nations, such as the Spanish dulzaina, (also known as chirimita), the Catalan shawms (xirimia, dolçaina or gralla, tible, tenora), the Portuguese charamela, and the Italian ciaramella.
		It must have had a profound effect, as the shawm was quickly adopted by Europeans, for dancing as well as for military purposes.
		The soprano shawm was about two feet long, and the lower instruments increased in proportion, the bass being a monster which had to be played with the edge of its bell resting on the floor.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Shawm (641 words)

	The Armory, Page 2
		The shawm’s tone could be described as 'loud' or 'shrill' and because of the piercing quality and sheer volume of its tone, the shawm was primarily played outdoors.
		The most common venue for playing shawms was a processional or parade, composed of several shawms and their players, sometimes on horseback, other times on foot, depending on the event.
		Usually made in one piece, the shawm had a conical bore that flared more than that of its successor the oboe, and was fitted with a pirouette or staple, a funnel-shaped reed shield.
	www.gemstone.play.net /etimes/et9/armory2.htm (1351 words)

	Shawm
		The shawm was a Renaissance musical instrument of the woodwind family, made in Europe from the late 13th century until the 17th century.
		It produced a loud shrill tone, and was used by military bands[?] during the Crusades, as well as in ordinary life for dancing.
		The oboe developed from the shawm in the mid-17th century when the French musicians Jean Hotteterre[?] and Michel Danican Philidor[?] modified it, producing an instrument with a narrower bore and a reed which is held by the player's lips near the end.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/sh/Shawm.html (122 words)

	Shawm (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The shawm is so loud that the oboe was created to replace it while playing music indoors.
		The shawm belongs to the instrumental family called the woodwinds.
		The shawm is made from wood and ranges from one foot seven inches long to ten feet long.
	library.thinkquest.org /17321/data/shawm.html (58 words)

	Musica Viva: The Encyclopedia of Music (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The shawm is chracterised by a relatively wide conical bore, a pirouette and for the larger variants a bocal
		The shawm was popular in Europe during the medieval and renaissance periods and in some European countries there seems to be a ontinuous shawm tradition continuing even in our time.
		This practice continues in today's modern orchestras and bands where the soprano and alto double reed instruments, the oboe and the english horn are descendants of the soprano shawm and alto pommer respectively, while the bass double reed instrument, the bassoon, evolved from the dulcian.
	www.musicaviva.com /encyclopedia/display.tpl?phrase=shawm (363 words)

	The Armory, Page 2
		The shawm’s tone could be described as 'loud' or 'shrill' and because of the piercing quality and sheer volume of its tone, the shawm was primarily played outdoors.
		The most common venue for playing shawms was a processional or parade, composed of several shawms and their players, sometimes on horseback, other times on foot, depending on the event.
		Usually made in one piece, the shawm had a conical bore that flared more than that of its successor the oboe, and was fitted with a pirouette or staple, a funnel-shaped reed shield.
	gemstone.play.net /etimes/et9/armory2.htm (1351 words)

	Home
		The shawm is a double reed instrument, that is an ancestor of the oboe.
		The Renaissance shawm developed during this period and used a broad cane reed that was controlled by the player's lips.
		With the smaller size shawms, the reed could be placed inside a pirouette, a funnel shaped protector against which the player places his lips.
	www.btinternet.com /~mrfield/MusicatSchool/Year10and11/Renaissance_Online/Reninstruments_shawm.htm (165 words)

	Oboe History
		Shawm- The direct ancestor of the oboe which was probably introduced into Europe during the Crusades when the Saracen armies invaded and used this instrument in war as well as for dancing.
		The shawm, considered the predecessor of the modern oboe, was a popular instrument of this period, lending to the notion it had been growing in popularity through the silent medieval period.
		The shawm seemed to remain in use, but the hautbois was quickly emerging as a mainstream instrument of the orchestra.
	www.oboes.com /oboehistory.html (3377 words)

	Shawm - Search Results - ninemsn Encarta
		Shawm, early European musical instrument, precursor of the oboe, made of hardwood, and conically bored with seven finger holes and a double reed....
		During the Renaissance, double-reeded shawms were the most common woodwind instruments, made in a number of sizes.
		Oboe, double-reed wind instrument with a wooden body and narrow conical bore.
	au.encarta.msn.com /Shawm.html (100 words)

	Shawms
		This shawm, with its loud and exciting sound, is immensely satisfying to play in the shawm band.
		On this instrument the bassoon-style reed is placed on a short crook.
		Particular attention has been paid to intonation and response so that this shawm will be easy to play and a welcome addition to the shawm band needing a tenor voice.
	www.roberthcronin.com /shawms.htm (194 words)

	shawms (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The shawm is the immediate ancestor of the oboe.
		Both are double-reed instruments having a conical bore, lacking a hole for the left thumb.
		The extension gives this shawm one step lower than the heckelphone, and a third lower than the bass oboe.
	www.contrabass.com /pages/shawms.html (245 words)

	Music 33: node name: -subpage title (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The term "shawm" refers to a family of double reed instruments associated with the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries.
		The lower shawms, which sometimes had keys, were known as pommers.
		There were rackets, shawms, pommers, dulcians and crumhorns, all with double reeds and in various shapes and sizes.
	www.dartmouth.edu /~music33/Mus33projects/nodes/bassoon/image-shawm.html (170 words)

	SHAWM Articles The shawm was a Renaissance musical
		The shawm was a Renaissance musical instrument of the woodwind family, made in Europe from the late 13th century until the 17th century.
		This is borne out by the very similar names of many folk shawms used as traditional instruments in various European nations, such as the Spanish xirimia (also known as dulzaina, dolçaina or gralla), the Portuguese charamela, and the Italian ciaramella.
		The oboe developed from the shawm in the mid-17th century when the French musicians Jean Hotteterre and Michel Danican Philidor modified it, producing an instrument with a narrower bore and a reed which is held by the player's lips near the end.
	amazines.com /Shawm_related.html (528 words)

	Muziek instrumenten op het transept orgel in de Oude Kerk te Amsterdam
		Alto shawm, mute cornetto, bottom part of tenor shawm, top part of bass recorder, bottom part of dulcian, and parts of the sackbut.
		Bell of the alto shawm, mouthpiece of the sackbut, key of the tenor shawm and keycover for the low D key of the dulcian.
		Detail with the bells of the sackbut and the alto shawm, with the fontanel of the bass recorder and the top of the tenor shawm with reed and staple.
	www.hansmons.com /OudeKerk (378 words)

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