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Topic: Shell

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Unix shell

Ghost in the Shell

shell projectile

electron shells

animal shell

Shell Oil

shell scripts

Bourne shell

shell shock

Secure shell

Shell sort

C shell

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	Unix shell - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		It is called a "shell" because it hides the details of the underlying operating system behind the shell's interface (contrast "kernel", which refers to the lowest-level, or 'inner-most' component of an operating system).
		The Bourne shell was the shell used in early versions of Unix and became a de facto standard; every Unix-like system has the equivalent of the Bourne shell.
		POSIX specifies the standard shell as a strict subset of the Korn shell.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Unix_shell (588 words)

	Shell (computing) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Typically, the term refers to an operating system shell which provides access to the services of a kernel.
		The name 'shell' originates from shells being an outer layer of interface between the user and the innards of the operating system (the kernel).
		The relative merits of CLI- and GUI-based shells are often debated.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Operating_system_shell (451 words)

	egghelp.org: shell accounts
		Shell accounts can also be used for other things, from IRC-related stuff like running a bouncer or your own IRC server, to sending/receiving e-mail, maintaining a web site, and downloading files at high speed for temporary storage (until you're ready to download them to your own machine).
		The shell market is particularly volatile—a provider offering a seemingly great deal on a shell account may be there one month but gone the next—the result of a high failure rate for new shell businesses.
		Poorly monitored shells and those with inexperienced administrators will be vulnerable to 'cracking', which could compromise the security of your bot and channels (if the shell your bot is on is cracked, then the attacker can add themselves to your bot and take control of any channels the bot is opped on).
	www.egghelp.org /shell.htm (2287 words)

	COA :: What is a Shell?
		Shells are lovely natural objects, equals in beauty to any flower or butterfly, they are more than just pretty baubles found on beaches.
		When a predator disturbs the animal, it withdraws inside its shell, revealing a surface that is very different in color and pattern than the one the hungry predator had its eye on.
		Shells live on seaweed, on coral holdfasts, under rocks, buried in the roots of undersea grass beds.
	www.conchologistsofamerica.org /theshells (873 words)

	Shell Oil in the McSpotlight
		Shell were also the subject of a succesful Greenpeace campaing to stop them dumping a decommissioned oil storage platform in the North Sea.
		Shell was granted permission by the British government to dump Brent Spar in a deep water trench in the North Sea.
		Shell have also recently begun operations in Peru, where despite their attempts to minimise the impact to both the environment and the local people there are already claims that damage is being done.
	www.mcspotlight.org /beyond/companies/shell.html (676 words)

	Karl Shell
		Shell (1973) provides the first growth model in which inventive activity depends on the prevailing industrial organization.
		Yves Balasko and Shell provided the equilibrium and welfare analyses of monetary (and nonmonetary) general OG economies.
		Shell spent 1984-85 in Stanford as a fellow of the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences.
	www.karlshell.com (394 words)

	The C Shell (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Basically, the main function a shell performs is to read in from the terminal what one types, run the commands, and show the output of the commands.
		The C shell was written by Bill Joy at the University of California at Berkeley.
		Shell scripts are programs written in C shell.
	www.eng.hawaii.edu /Tutor/csh.html (1752 words)

	Shell
		The columella is the central axis of the shell (from shell-top to umbilicus).
		The shell lip (the margin of the shell at the shell opening) is often thickened in mature snails, while it is sharp in younger snails.
		The operculum (the shell door) is a corneous plate (except in the genus Pila, where the operculum is calcified at the inside during the life of the snail), with a concentric structure and a nucleus near the parietal margin (close to the umbilicus).
	www.applesnail.net /content/anatomy/shell.php (1384 words)

	BBC NEWS \| Business \| Shell admits fuelling corruption
		Shell's view is that "government and local communities must take the lead in ending conflict but we are also determined to help," he added.
		Shell is supporting the creation of a working group made up of Nigerian and international experts, and representatives of local communities, to explore ways to stem the conflict.
		Shell's image has been badly damaged in recent years and despite efforts it is still seen by many as a company that damages the environment and supports corrupt regimes.
	news.bbc.co.uk /2/hi/business/3796375.stm (652 words)

	BBC NEWS \| Business \| Shell appeals to shareholders' patience
		There to face the music was the board of non-executive directors of the UK arm of Royal Dutch/Shell, The Shell Transport and Trading Company, looking uncomfortable but resigned to the fact that taking the flack is part of their job.
		The oil resources that Shell was forced to remove from its books due to regulatory requirements "are still there", he said, adding that the company expects to return about 85% of these reserves "to the proven category" this year.
		Shell's well prepared panel hit back, not by backing Sir Philip but instead by insisting that paying him a large chunk of money had ensured a swift ending to the saga and enabled it to get on with rebuilding trust with investors.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/business/3847661.stm (1040 words)

	Shell in the Middle East Online
		The opening in Egypt of Shell's first lubricants blending plant by Shell Marketing Egypt (SME) in 1994 was a significant milestone in Shell's long association with the Arab World's most populous nation.
		Some 12 years on, with production of Shell Lubricants in Egypt at record levels, the commitment of SME to the country is as strong as ever.
		Shell's plan for increased exports of lubricants and continuing growth in production is just one example of how the company and the Government share a common vision.
	www.shell-me.com /english (653 words)

	UNIX shell differences and how to change your shell (Monthly Posting) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		A brief history of UNIX shells Note, this history is just known to be slightly out of historical order, it is in the process of being corrected, but for the moment should be taken with a pinch of salt In the near beginning there was the Bourne shell /bin/sh (written by S. Bourne).
		Into this shell they put several concepts which were new, (the majority of these being job control and aliasing) and managed to produce a shell that was much better for interactive use.
		Like the Korn shell bash was based upon the Bourne shells language and like the Korn shell, it also pinched features from the C shell and other operating systems (in my opinion it put them together better; guess which shell I use), but unlike the Korn shell it is free.
	www.faqs.org /faqs/unix-faq/shell/shell-differences (2225 words)

	CorpWatch : Shell Games at the Earth Summit
		Tracking the behavior of Royal Dutch Shell from the 1992 Earth Summit in Rio to the WSSD in Johannesburg is particularly instructive in drawing out how global corporations have pursued a pro-environment and human rights public-relations strategy on the one hand, while continuing to be deeply engaged in destructive activity on the other.
		The release of methane from massive gas flaring, a practice prohibited in Shell's home countries of England and The Netherlands, as well as in most industrialized countries, combined with the burning of the oil exported from Nigeria, were helping make Shell a significant contributor to climate change.
		Shell also became deeply involved in industry efforts to influence the negotiations and project a green image.
	www.corpwatch.org /article.php?id=3508 (1608 words)

	Technorati Tag: shell (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Shell has exercised its pre-emption option to buy an additional 30 percent interest in the Shell operated BC-10 block offshore Brazil and will sell...
		Shell PR will be scrambling this morning over the story in today’s FT describing how the the Nigerian arm of the oil multinational has hired two...
		Shells Find Deals on Shells and other Clothing and Accessories at DealTime.
	www.technorati.com /tag/shell (522 words)

	Bash Reference Manual:
		Shells may be used interactively or non-interactively: they accept input typed from the keyboard or from a file.
		More complex shell commands are composed of simple commands arranged together in a variety of ways: in a pipeline in which the output of one command becomes the input of a second, in a loop or conditional construct, or in some other grouping.
		Shell functions are a way to group commands for later execution using a single name for the group.
	www.gnu.org /software/bash/manual/bashref.html (7331 words)

	Linux Shell Scripting Tutorial - A Beginner's handbook
		Shell script to determine whether given file exist or not.
		Shell script to print "Hello World" message, in Bold, Blink effect, and in different colors like red, brown etc.
		Shell script to gathered useful system information such as CPU, disks, Ram and your environment etc.
	www.freeos.com /guides/lsst (271 words)

	Boycott Shell/Free Nigeria: The main issues
		Since Shell began drilling oil in Ogoniland in 1958, the people of Ogoniland have had pipelines built across their farmlands and in front of their homes, suffered endemic oil leaks from these very pipelines, been forced to live with the constant flaring of gas.
		Shell and its subcontractors compensate landowners with meager amounts unequal to the value of the scarce land, when they pay at all.
		Shell has also admitted purchasing weapons for the police force who guard its facilities, and there is growing suspicion that Shell funds a much greater portion of the military than previously admitted.
	www.essentialaction.org /shell/issues.html (2852 words)

	Natural Gas from Shell -- Shell Energy
		Shell Energy Services Company, L.L.C., formed in 1998, is an affiliate of Shell Oil Company, one of world's leading oil and gas producers, manufacturers and marketers of oil and chemical products for more than a century.
		Shell serves homes and businesses in large portion of the rapidly growing North and North Central Georgia, including Metro Atlanta.
		Shell serves customers throughout a large and heavily populated area of Central Ohio, including Metro Columbus.
	www.shellenergy.com (253 words)

	Shell Oil - SourceWatch (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Shell spokespeople have called Nigeria the company's "worst public relations nightmare," according to the Multinational Monitor.
		PR Week also reported that for several years Shell had - and continued to - use the London-based Finsbury to handle financial PR for the company and was also advising on managing the crisis on the overstated reserves.
		Angelique Chrisafis, "Jailing of Irish villagers sparks anger as farmers defy Shell in Battle of the Bog: (http://www.guardian.co.uk/international/story/0,3604,1530695,00.html) Support swells for opponents of gas pipeline imprisoned for contempt of court", Guardian (UK), July 18, 2005.
	www.sourcewatch.org /index.php?title=Shell_Oil (836 words)

	Shell+ (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Such is the case with Shell+, a collection that corrals the complex world of Windows shell manipulation into a set of incredibly-easy-to-use components.
		This is an incredible timesaver when tweaking shell extensions; while there still exists the regsvr32 install/uninstall cycle, seeing a registered shell-modifying DLL in action requires a reset of the desktop.
		Shell+ is a component set that encapsulates nearly every facet of Windows shell manipulation that's visible to the end user, including: custom copy, drag and drop, and change notify shell hooks; folder columns; icon overlay and InfoTip handlers; property sheets and Control Panel tabs; and more.
	www.delphizine.com /productreviews/2004/07/di200407rm_p/di200407rm_p.asp (1086 words)

	Shell Sort (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The shell sort is a "diminishing increment sort", better known as a "comb sort" to the unwashed programming masses.
		The shell sort is by far the fastest of the N
		A sample C program that demonstrates the use of the shell sort may be downloaded here.
	linux.wku.edu /~lamonml/algor/sort/shell.html (449 words)

	lf216, UNIX Basics: Shell Programming
		There are a lot of different shells available for Linux but usually the bash (bourne again shell) is used for shell programming as it is available for free and is easy to use.
		Although a shell script can make use of any unix commands here are a number of commands which are more often used than others.
		The advantage of a shell script is that it does not require any re-compilation and inserting an "echo" statement is done very quickly.
	www.linuxfocus.org /English/September2001/article216.shtml#216lfindex1 (3575 words)

	Unix Shells - csh, ksh, bash, zsh, ...
		CSH is a fairly nice interactive shell that has syntax that looks a lot more like C than that of the Bourne Shell.
		This shell, written by David Korn, of Bell Labs, is now the defacto-standard shell for Unix systems, available on virtually any Unix-like system sold in the 1990's and beyond.
		Turns Unix Shell scripts into a compiled form (probably using C) such that the internal contents are not revealed.
	cbbrowne.com /info/unixshells.html (760 words)

	Corporate Spin and Lies: A Spymaster's Lament, And A Warning To Us All
		It does not help Shell that in 1996 a former company official, Bopp van Dessel, the former head of Shell's environmental studies, went public with this claim: "They were not meeting their own standards, they were not meeting international standards.
		Shell suspended operations in the Ogoni region in 1993 after civil unrest, but it continued to produce about half of Nigeria's crude oil output.
		The company put out a statement that it was "not for a commercial organisation like Shell to interfere in the legal processes of a sovereign State such as Nigeria".
	www.commondreams.org /views01/0228-02.htm (824 words)

	Welcome to Shell+ Home
		ShellPlus Components are for companies who would like to integrate their products to Windows Shell without having to invest large amounts of valuable time investigating the practices and pitfalls of Windows Shell development.
		Shell+ takes care of all methods to be implemented so you will never need to code numerous interfaces required by Windows.
		Shell Change Notifier - allows you to be notified about changes in the files and folders, their attributes and contents.
	www.shellplus.com (421 words)

	CorpWatch : Search
		Shell, the Anglo-Dutch oil company, is planning to survey the world's biggest...
		The Concerned Citizens of Norco (CCN) and Shell Chemical LP (Shell) have engaged...
		Shell today marked its return to Libya after an absence of more than a decade by...
	www.corpwatch.org /search.php?q=Shell&x=15&y=10 (550 words)

	The Linux Terminal - a Beginners’ Bash (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		A "shell" is a program which interprets commands, either typed in directly by the user, or contained in a file called a "shell script", which is a simple interpreted program.
		Linux has a variety of different shells, but certainly the most popular is "bash", so it is this one which will be described here (even though many of these instructions apply to all shells).
		A shell script is a series of shell commands, similar to the ones given above, contained in a file, which can be given to the bash program to be executed in sequence.
	linux.org.mt /article/terminal#N10025 (6249 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Instead, you can use shell to call any tool or application that can be invoked from the command line, pass it any required parameters and get the result of the tool directly on the same call!
		shell is designed to start the command and then let it run with no interaction until it completes, much like the backquote operator in most Unix shells or the system call in awk and Perl.
		shell is a free plugin but, at the same time, some people had asked for a way to "pay for our time".
	www.abstrakt.com /shell.html (868 words)

	What is shell? - A Word Definition From the Webopedia Computer Dictionary
		For example, if the application is usually command driven, the shell might be a menu-driven system that translates the user's selections into the appropriate commands.
		The shell, therefore, is the part of the command processor that accepts commands.
		After verifying that the commands are valid, the shell sends them to another part of the command processor to be executed.
	www.webopedia.com /TERM/s/shell.html (352 words)

	Shell LiveWIRE - Business Startup and Opportunity UK. Advice, Company Formation, and Small Business Start Up Resource.
		Shell LiveWire provides business startup advice as well as company formation UK information and practical support for 16-30 year olds starting up their own business, just about to embark on a company formation UK process.
		Shell Livewire was the first youth enterprise service for a small business start up to work with young people and introduce sustainable development to all aspects of their small business start up planning.
		Shell-Livewire is one of Shell U.K.'s community investment programs, and for small business start up companies Shell invests in such activities because it believes it improves the potential of its employees, customers, shareholders and the community in which it works.
	www.shell-livewire.org (718 words)

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