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	Shenzhou spacecraft - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Shenzhou (Chinese: 神舟; pinyin: Shén zhōu) is the name of a spacecraft from the People's Republic of China which first carried a Chinese astronaut into orbit on October 15, 2003.
		The Shenzhou spacecraft closely resembles the Russian Soyuz spacecraft, although it is substantially larger and features a powered orbital module capable of autonomous flight.
		The fifth launch, Shenzhou 5, was the first to carry a human (Yáng Lìwěi) and occurred at 9:00 CST (UTC +8) on October 15, 2003.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Shenzhou_spacecraft (1263 words)

	Space Today Online - Chinese astronauts called yuhangyuans fly in Shenzhou capsules
		Shenzhou designer Qi Faren was quoted by a government newspaper before the flight as saying, "The craft may land in the ocean or in the forests in a hostile environment.
		Shenzhou's chief designer was Qi Faren, who had been one of the designers of China's first satellite and who had been appointed the general designer of Chinese spacecraft in 1992.
		Shenzhou spacecraft are blasted off from the isolated Jiuquan Satellite Launch Centre in northwest Gansu province in the Gobi Desert a thousand miles west of the capital city of Beijing.
	www.spacetoday.org /China/ChinaTaikonauts.html (3989 words)

	Encyclopedia: Shenzhou 5 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Shenzhou 5 (ç¥èäº”å·) was the first manned space mission launched by the People's Republic of China (PRC) on October 15, 2003.
		Shenzhou 5 was launched at 09:00 (UTC +8) from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, a launch base in the Gobi Desert in Gansu Province, entering orbit 343 km above Earth at 09:10 (UTC +8) with astronaut YÃ¡ng LÃ¬wÄi (æ¨å©ä¼), the 38 year-old Lieutenant Colonel in the People's Liberation Army and former fighter pilot.
		The launch of the Shenzhou is the result of a manned space program which began in 1992.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Shenzhou-5 (2811 words)

	Spaceflight Now \| Breaking News \| China launches Shenzhou 4
		Shenzhou, Chinese for "divine vessel", is a prototype of a manned spacecraft.
		Like Soyuz, Shenzhou is made of three modules: a service module that houses propulsion systems and other equipment, a reentry module used to return crews to Earth, and an orbital module that can remain in orbit after the reentry module deorbits.
		Shenzhou was intended to be the first phase of an effort that would later include a small space station and, in the long term, a reusable manned spacecraft, although Chinese officials have released few details about those plans.
	www.spaceflightnow.com /news/n0212/29shenzhou (783 words)

	Shenzhou spacecraft -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		In the unmanned test flights launched so far, the orbital module of each Shenzhou was left functioning in orbit for several days after the reentry capsule's return, and the (Click link for more info and facts about Shenzhou V) Shenzhou V orbital module continued to operate for six months after launch.
		It is therefore technically possible for the Shenzhou spacecraft to dock with the (Click link for more info and facts about International Space Station) International Space Station although as of 2005 no such dockings have been planned.
		The Chinese media has heavily promoted the experiments undertaken by Shenzhou, particularly exposing seeds, including some from (A government on the island of Taiwan established in 1949 by Chiang Kai-shek after the conquest of mainland China by the communists led by Mao Zedong) Taiwan, to zero gravity and radiation.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/s/sh/shenzhou_spacecraft.htm (1381 words)

	Spaceflight Now \| Breaking News \| China's Shenzhou 2 capsule returns to Earth safely
		Shenzhou 2 was launched on January 9 at 1700 GMT (12:00 p.m.
		Up until recently, the Shenzhou design has been surrounded by a shroud of secrecy, but it is known that the Chinese government purchased a scaled-down version re-entry module of the Russian Soyuz manned capsule from Soyuz-builder RKK Energia.
		The Shenzhou orbiter does show several tell-tale signs of similarity between itself and the Soyuz, such as the presence of solar arrays and the spacecraft containing three separate modules.
	spaceflightnow.com /news/n0101/16china (513 words)

	Shenzhou Circumlunar
		Shenzhou would presumably have demonstrated orbital rendezvous and docking by then in conjunction with the man-tended space station project.
		The Shenzhou would make a first orbit rendezous and docking with the stage, which would then be fired to place the combination on a translunar trajectory.
		This would be capable of direct launch toward the moon of a Shenzhou spacecraft equipped with the additional propellants required to insert itself into lunar orbit, conduct mapping or survey missions, and then boost itself out of lunar orbit for a return to the earth.
	www.astronautix.com /craft/shelunar.htm (709 words)

	Shenzhou II, China's unmanned spacecraft returns safely
		Another success with Shenzhou II should pave the way for further test flights and a manned mission within two years, western commentators believe.
		Shenzhou II was launched on 10 January from the Jiuquan Satellite Centre in the northwestern province of Gansu.
		Shenzhou 2 was launched into a 197 km (106 nmi) by 335 km (181 nmi) orbit, inclined at 42.58 degrees with a period of 89.83 minutes.
	www.gisdevelopment.net /news/2001/jan/china.htm (808 words)

	AWST STORY
		In addition to the overall project's military foundation, the Shenzhou program is also intended to show the Chinese populace that the Communist Party can lead the country on the world stage, begin to exploit space cooperation for international political gain and inspire a younger generation of high-tech Chinese with the lure of space achievement.
		Another major change introduced with Shenzhou are Western-style matrix management organizations and practices along with new coordinated facilities to create and integrate the diverse technologies required for the development, test and flight of manned space systems.
		Shenzhou already has a three-person transport ability and military/civilian research capability plus the ability to leave one-third of the vehicle aloft for unmanned operations as well as a habitat docking element.
	aviationnow.com /avnow/news/channel_awst_story.jsp?id=news/10203wna.xml (2230 words)

	Chinese Defence Today :: Shenzhou Spaceship (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The Shenzhou spaceship consisted of a forward orbital module, a re-entry capsule, and an aft service module.
		The first two Shenzhou vehicles were said to only have space for three crews.
		Large reaction control jets, reminiscent of those on Gemini, were located at the centre of gravity of the capsule, for roll manoeuvres and translation of the spaceship during docking operations.
	www.sinodefence.com /space/921/shenzhou.asp (919 words)

	Shenzhou
		Shenzhou would be used to develop manned spaceflight techniques (extravehicular activity, rendezvous and docking) and later serve as a ferry to Chinese space stations.
		Shenzhou 2 was the first test of an all-up flight model of the spacecraft, with a functioning orbital module.
		Shenzhou 2 made three orbit-raising manoeuvres during its flight, reaching a 330 x 345 km orbit by the end of the initial phase of the mission.
	www.astronautix.com /craft/shenzhou.htm (7043 words)

	AIAA - Aerospace America Online - CHINA’S DIVINE CRAFT - The Shenzhou capsule, which China is developing to acquire ...
		Shenzhou, as seen in Chinese and Western illustrations, bears an obvious resemblance to Russia’s Soyuz-TM crew capsule, which ferried cosmonauts to and from the Mir station for 15 years.
		Shenzhou measures 2.8 m in diameter and is 8.8 m long with a mass of 7,600 kg.
		Shenzhou also has two sets of solar arrays, one on the orbital module and one on the instrument and propulsion module; a Soyuz carries solar arrays on the instrument and propulsion module only.
	www.aiaa.org /aerospace/Article.cfm?issuetocid=81&ArchiveIssueID=12 (2639 words)

	CNN.com - China to put man in space this year - Jan. 2, 2003
		Official Chinese media reported Thursday that a manned flight of Shenzhou V is scheduled for the second half of 2003, with preparations for that flight having now entered the assembly and testing phase.
		"Shenzhou IV represents the country's most sophisticated and fullest preparation so far to realize the nation's long-cherished dream of manned space flight," Yuan is reported saying.
		Shenzhou IV, which boasts a complete system needed for human space flight, will orbit for a few days before landing, state media have said.
	www.cnn.com /2003/TECH/space/01/01/china.space/index.html (498 words)

	Spaceflight Now \| Shenzhou Launch Report \| CHINA ORBITS MAN
		On the forward end, the Shenzhou consists of a pressurized orbital module, which is connected by a passageway to the re-entry module, where Yang will be strapped in during launch and re-entry.
		Shenzhou 5's mission duration is projected to be around 21 hours, 25 minutes in length, which would call for a touchdown in the Chinese province of Inner Mongolia about 1,000 kilometers from Jiuquan at around 2225 GMT, or 6:25 a.m.
		Four unmanned test flights of the Shenzhou were conducted since 1999, all of which helped Chinese scientists and engineers to evaluate the craft's performance before committing lives on a manned flight.
	www.spaceflightnow.com /shenzhou/031015launch.html (1277 words)

	Shenzhou 1 Encyclopedia Article, Definition, History, Biography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Shenzhou 1 (Chinese: 神舟一号) launched on November 19, 1999, was the first unmanned launch of the Shenzhou spacecraft.
		Shenzhou 1 was designed primarily to test the Long March 2F rocket.
		The only areas tested on the spacecraft were the separation of the modules, attitude control, lifting body reentry, the heat shield, ground recovery.
	popularityguide.com /encyclopedia/Shenzhou_1 (547 words)

	Shenzhou 2 Launch Imminent, Chinese Manned Space Program Targets the Moon \| SpaceRef - Your Space Reference
		Shenzhou was launched at 6:30 local time on 20 November 1999 from the Jiuquan Satellite Launching Center in north-central China aboard a Long March CZ 2F booster and orbited Earth 14 times during its 21 hour mission.
		The escape tower on the Long March 2F rocket which launches the Shenzhou allows the astronauts in the recovery module to be jettisoned to safety in case the rocket fails during liftoff.
		Shenzhou's orbital module has its own set of solar panels (not used in the first flight), its own propulsion capabilities (demonstrated after it separated from the reentry module); a large hatch (one would assume for EVAs); and a cluster of instruments at the forward end of the module.
	www.spaceref.com /news/viewnews.html?id=239 (1752 words)

	Shenzhou (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Shenzhou was launched at 6:30 am Beijing time on November 20 (November 19 22:30 UT) from the Jiuquan Launch Centre.
		Shenzhou Cockpit - View of cockpit of Shenzhou cockpit transmitted to the ground during the flight.
		Prime contractors for the Shenzhou were the China Research Institute of Carrier Rocket Technology, (a part of the China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation), the Chinese Research Institute of Space Technology and the Shanghai Research Institute of Astronautical Technology.
	www.friends-partners.org /partners/mwade/craft/shenzhou.htm (3999 words)

	Shenzhou - Divine Military Vessel [Chinese spacecraft] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Shenzhou's two different primary payloads, both of them military, were not discussed by Chinese authorities until early 2003.
		That means the orbital modules of the Shenzhou spacecraft have been scanning the earth 75% of the time, day in and day out, since Shenzhou 2 was launched in January 2001.
		If the pattern of the Shenzhou 3 and 4 flights is followed, the crew will be tasked to identify targets of interest and will fly in a controlled 331 x 337 km orbit for 107 revolutions, or 6.77 days.
	www.freerepublic.com /focus/f-news/993882/posts (1160 words)

	SPACE.com -- Shenzhou 6 Crew Tests Spacecraft’s Capabilities
		Shenzhou 6 astronaut Fei Junlong (right) gives a thumbs up as he and fellow astronaut Nie Haisheng after successfully launching into space on Oct. 12, 2005 on China's second manned spaceflight.
		Shenzhou 6 astronauts Fei Junlong and Nie Haisheng repeatedly opened and closed the doors between their spacecraft’s reentry and orbital modules — sometimes using exaggerated force — to check the hatch’s integrity, according to China’s Xinhua News Agency.
		Shenzhou 6 flight officials also conducted a final recovery drill in the Siziwang Banner region of Inner Mongolia where the spacecraft and its two astronauts are expected to land, state media reported.
	www.aboutspace.com /missionlaunches/051013_shenzhou6_day2.html (1192 words)

	ShenZhou 5 Report (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The mission of ShenZhou 5 was planned as a one-day orbital test flight of the launch system, spacecraft and recovery process with a crew aboard for the first time.
		The landing of ShenZhou 2 occurred on January 16 but no coverage of the recovery were released, generating suggestions in the West that the vehicle had crashed or sustained damage upon landing, possibly indicating a problem with the parachute recovery system resulting in a much heavier impact on landing.
		ShenZhou 4: In what became the final unmanned test flight of the programme prior to orbiting a human passenger, ShenZhou 4 was launched on the early hours of 30 December 2002 (BT) on a one-week mission.
	www.astroinfoservice.co.uk /html/shenzhou_5_report.html (1923 words)

	Biosphere: Shenzhou: Pitchfork Review (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		"Shenzhou", aside from being the name of the Chinese manned-spaceflight vehicles, means "magic vessel", and I can't imagine a more apt description for Geir Jenssen's latest excursion into ambient deep listening.
		Jenssen again relies on found sound as source material for Shenzhou, but this time, the found sound is old vinyl recordings of the orchestral works of French Impressionist composer and ambient precursor, Claude Debussy.
		Shenzhou is unquestionably a magic vessel, but one that reveals its enchantment only to those who pay close attention.
	www.pitchforkmedia.com /record-reviews/b/biosphere/shenzhou.shtml (428 words)

	CNS - China's Manned Space Program: Trajectory and Motivations - October 6, 2003 - Research Story of the Week
		Whether or not the Shenzhou is an indication of Chinese scientific achievement, it is definitely a sign of priorities in the Chinese government.
		Shenzhou's orbital module has a medium-resolution imaging spectroradiometer developed by the Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, which can be used for civilian or military purposes.
		The Chinese have admitted that the Shenzhou has reconnaissance capabilities[18] and many analysts point out technological gains from the manned program could be used for military space programs, such as development of anti-satellite weapons.
	cns.miis.edu /pubs/week/031006.htm (2220 words)

	SPACE.com -- China Studies Returned Space Capsule
		Workers load the capsule of Shenzhou 5 onto a train to transport to Beijing Thursday Oct. 16, 2003.
		The kettle-shaped Shenzhou 5 re-entry module, about 28 feet in length and 17,175 pounds, came through its ordeal visibly none the worse for wear.
		Shenzhou 5 was handed over to the Chinese Research Institute of Space Technology later Friday, and a preliminary examination showed the engines operated ``normally'' for touchdown and the landing capsule itself ``remained intact,'' the official Xinhua News Agency said.
	www.space.com /missionlaunches/shenzhou5_study_031019.html (978 words)

	spacetoday.net: Shenzhou 3 orbital module finishes "important mission"
		The spacecraft was launched in March as part of the Shenzhou 3 mission and remained in orbit after the descent module returned to Earth at the beginning of April.
		The fate of Shenzhou 3 was not revealed; the spacecraft is in a circular orbit about 300 km in altitude, and is not expected to reenter for at least a month.
		There had been speculation that the spacecraft might remain in orbit long enough to serve as a rendezvous target for Shenzhou 4, widely speculated as the last unmanned test flight before China attempts to launch humans into space for the first time.
	www.spacetoday.net /Summary/1231 (268 words)

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