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	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Hussein bin Ali, Sharif of Mecca
		Hussein bin Ali (1852-1931) (حسین بن علی; Ḥusayn bin ‘Alī) was the Sharif of Mecca, and Emir of Mecca from 1908 until 1917, when he proclaimed himself king of Hejaz, which received international recognition.
		Hussein ibn Ali was born in Istanbul, Ottoman Empire and was the last of the Hashemite rulers over the Hejaz to be appointed by the Ottoman Empire.
		Hussein was the official leader of the Arab Revolt against the Ottomans.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Hussein_bin_Ali,_Sharif_of_Mecca (616 words)

	First World War.com - Primary Documents - Sharif Hussein's Proclamation of Independence from Turkey, 27 June 1916
		On 27 June 1916 Sharif Hussein bin Ali, Emir of Mecca, issued a proclamation in which he announced himself, as a direct descendant of Mohammed, as the true leader of the Islamic faith.
		Numerous reasons were cited to support Hussein's claim, not least of which was the alleged mistreatment by the Turks of Arabs in Syria, and the controversial argument put forward by the Young Turks (in 1909) that all religions were to be regarded as equal.
		Hussein's objective in initiating the Great Arab Revolt was to establish a single independent and unified Arab state stretching from Aleppo (Syria) to Aden (Yemen), based on the ancient traditions and culture of the Arab people, the upholding of Islamic ideals and the full protection and inclusion of ethnic religious minorities.
	www.firstworldwar.com /source/arabindependence_hussein.htm (1135 words)

	Untitled Document (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The grand Sherif al-Hussein Bin Ali was not only aware of his noble lineage with its religions dimension, but also of his nationalist commitments to the ideals of the Great Arab Revolt which he led.
		King Hussein was aware of the implications of this condition, as well as his awareness of the successful Western efforts after 1967, to exclude any outside interference in the Arab-Israeli conflict.
		Hussein, like Jordan the country, was an idea more than a man. His vision and his dreams transcended the geographic and demographic dimensions of the country.
	www.euromedi.org /attivita/link.asp?link=idpagina=555 (3125 words)

	skill-link: Interest Zone
		The cousin of Iraq's last king, Sharif Ali bin Al-Hussein, a wealthy London banker and apparent heir to the throne claims he is certain the majority of Iraqis want a return to the monarchy.
		Sharif Ali bin Al-Hussein is cousin to the late King Faisal II, his father is Sharif Al-Hussein bin Ali (whose father was Prince of Mecca until 1908 and uncle to King Faisal I), and his mother is Princess Badia, daughter of King Ali bin Hussein I and aunt of the late King Faisal II.
		Sharif Ali bin Al-Hussein was born in Baghdad in 1956.
	www.skill-link.com /Docs/IZ/iraqking147.htm (315 words)

	The Great Arab Revolt
		Sharif Husseins objective in undertaking the Great Arab Revolt was to establish a single independent and unified Arab state stretching from Aleppo (Syria) to Aden (Yemen), based on the ancient traditions and culture of the Arab people, the upholding of Islamic ideals and the full protection and inclusion of ethnic and religious minorities.
		The political aspirations of the Arabs were not to be realized, however, due to the conflicting promises made by the British to their wartime allies.
		The Hashemites suffered another major blow in 1925, when King Ali bin al-Hussein, the eldest brother of Abdullah and Faisal, lost the throne of the Kingdom of the Hijaz to Abdel Aziz bin Saud of Najd.
	members.tripod.com /jor_guide/id7.html (1764 words)

	Middle East/North Africa/Persian Gulf Region
		Hussein ibn-Ali proclaimed the establishment of an Arab state (Hijaz province) on June 27, 1916, and he was proclaimed "King of the Arabs" in Mecca on October 29, 1916.
		Iman Salim bin Rashid al-Kharusi was killed in 1920, and Mohammed bin Abdullah al-Khalili of the Bani Rawahah tribe became the Iman of Oman.
		Ali Abdel Latif was arrested on July 4, 1924, and he was sentenced to three years in prison on July 11, 1924.
	faculty.uca.edu /~markm/tpi_narrative_middleeast.htm (19061 words)

	Iraqis threaten to go it alone \| csmonitor.com
		The Constitutional Monarchy Movement (CMM), led by Sherif Ali bin Hussein - a Hashemite family prince who is considered by royalists to be the heir to the Iraqi monarchy deposed in 1958 - is organizing a conference of what he says will be approximately 500 political, professional, tribal, and legal leaders from all over Iraq.
		Hussein says will be held here later this month, will contest Washington's postwar approach in Iraq.
		Hussein is popular with some conservative Iraqis who crave stability and, as a descendent of Imam Ali, he is revered by some Shiites.
	www.csmonitor.com /2003/0905/p06s01-woiq.html (1074 words)

	ISCA - The Islamic Supreme Council of America
		Shaykh Mohammed bin Abdul Wahhab established an alliance with the al-Saud family after he went to the village of Darhiya, the al-Saud's first emirate.
		These are the precepts followed by Osama bin Laden and extremist Sunni Islamic movements which have appeared and proliferated in the majority of Islamic and Arab countries.
		The Hashemite ruler of Mecca and Medina, Sherif Hussein bin Ali, prohibited the Ikhwan from the Hajj, claiming he wanted to protect other pilgrims from aggressions.
	www.islamicsupremecouncil.org /bin/site/wrappers/media-show_clips_wahhabi-9895X.html (2567 words)

	Kitchener and Arab National Movement, 1912-1914 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Ali Haidar is the head of the dispossessed Motallib branch of the Sherifian family and is said to cherish the ambition of becoming Grand Sherif himself.
		The Sherif seemed to be disappointed with the result of his visit to Constantinople and with the determination of the Turkish Gov[ernmen]t to push the railway on to Mecca which he saw would mean the economic death of the camel-owning population of Arabia.
		On my remarking that the Sherif of Mecca was, in the last analysis, a nominee of the Porte and thus liable to arbitrary dismissal, Kitchener said that whatever their powers in theory, in practice the Turks would be reluctant to depose the Sherif.
	net.lib.byu.edu /~rdh7/wwi/1914m/arabetuk.html (7271 words)

	Abdul Aziz bin Abdul Rahman ibn Faisal Al Saud (Ibn Saud)
		Abdul Aziz bin Abdul Rahman ibn Faisal Al Saud, also known by several abbreviated forms of this name, or simply as Ibn Saud, was first monarch of Saudi Arabia.
		In 1901, at the age of 21, Ibn Saud succeeded his father, Abdul Rahman bin Faisal, to become the leader of the Saud dynasty with the title Sultan of Nejd.
		During World War I, the British government attempted to cultivate favor with Ibn Saud, but generally favored his rival Sherif Hussein ibn Ali, leader of Hejaz, whom the Sauds were almost constantly at war with.
	www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org /jsource/biography/AlSaud.html (920 words)

	Fllags of the Middle East
		They took green as their colour, to symbolize their allegiance to Ali, the Prophet's cousin, who was once wrapped in a green coverlet in place of the Prophet in order to thwart an assassination attempt.
		Hussein's sons became kings of Jordan, Syria, and Iraq, hence the minor differentiations in the Sharifian flag.
		Hussein's original intent was for his flag to be identical in those 3 countries with the addition of one star for Jordan-Palestine, two stars for Iraq, and three stars for Syria.
	www.jordanjubilee.com /genjord/fllags.htm (1802 words)

	Wikinfo \| Hashemite
		Before World War I Husain ibn Ali of the Hashemite Dhawu-'Awn clan ruled the Hejaz on behalf of the Ottoman sultan.
		In 1908, Husain ibn Ali was appointed Emir of Mecca.
		Hussein's two politically active sons were Abdullah and Faisal, later to become the kings, respectively, of Transjordan and Iraq.
	www.wikinfo.org /wiki.php?title=Hashemites (610 words)

	Iraq: Six Months After Saddam, Little Seems Better
		BAGHDAD - On that bright and sunny April 9, scores of people pulled down a statue of Saddam Hussein in a central square in Baghdad before live television broadcasts aired to the world.
		Sherif Ali Bin Hussein, a member of the former royal family in Iraq
		Just over six months later, many Iraqis are openly asking whether the end of 35 years of Saddam Hussein's tyrannical regime has brought them the benefits they expected.
	www.commondreams.org /cgi-bin/print.cgi?file=/headlines03/1013-07.htm (688 words)

	Jordan celebrates as Hussein's son takes over throne
		Palace officials said the tiara was one given by the late King Hussein to his third wife, Queen Alia, who was killed in a helicopter crash.
		Though Abdullah has been ruling the country for four months already, the formal date of accession was chosen as a way for him to come out from the shadow of his father, who reigned for 47 years.
		Long after his death, the streets of Amman are still full of portraits of Hussein and most Jordanians find it hard to think of any king but him, so powerful was his influence in shaping the country.
	www.telegraph.co.uk /htmlContent.jhtml?html=/archive/1999/06/10/wjor10.html (527 words)

	Ibn Saud of Saudi Arabia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Instead the British transferred support to Ibn Sa'ūd's rival Sherif Hussein ibn Ali, leader of Hejaz, with whom the Sa'ūds were almost constantly at war.
		The defeat of the Rashidis doubled the territory of the Ibn Sa'ūd, and he was able to negotiate a new treaty with the British at Uqair in 1922, abolishing the 1915 protection agreement in return for Ibn Saud's agreement not to attempt to expand his state's borders into British protectorates on the Gulf Coast.
		^ "ibn Saud" or "bin Saud", meaning 'son of Saud', was a sort of title borne by previous heads of the House of Saud, similar to a Scottish clan chief's title of "the MacGregor" or "the MacDougall".
	www.daveproxy.co.uk /cgi-bin/nph-proxy.cgi/010110A/687474703a2f2f656e2e77696b6970656469612e6f72672f77696b692f49626e5f53617564 (1621 words)

	Syria (Homs Online - Homsonline.com) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Under the Caliph Omar Bin Al Khattab, Syria was taken over form the Byzantines, in 636 the Muslims fought against the Byzantines in the battle of Yarmuk (on the river Yarmuk).
		Muawiya former governor of Syria, fought with the Caliph Ali Bin Abi Talib along the Euphrates, and in 661 when Caliph Ali was assassinated he took over and made Damascus capital of the Umayyad territory.
		T.E. Lawrence and the Arabs, who revolted against the Turks, arrived to Damascus led by the forces of Emir Feisal, son of Hussein, the Sherif of Mecca in 1918.
	www.homsonline.com /Syria.htm (2220 words)

	“King Who Rules From the Heart”
		The article recounts some of the defining experiences in King Hussein’s life, such as viewing the assassination of his grandfather King Abdullah, and describes the tumultuous events of the 1950s and 1960s of which few expected the monarch to survive.
		When Hussein bin Talal, fortieth in the line of descent from the Prophet, was crowned king forty years ago this May, few thought he would last long.
		Hussein is not merely one of the world’s two or three longest-serving rulers, he is the only Arab leader to command the true respect and affection of his people.
	www.kinghussein.gov.jo /93_march22.html (1965 words)

	[No title]
		Hussein was the official leader of the HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arab_Revolt" \o "Arab Revolt" Arab Revolt against the Ottomans.
		Because of this, Sherif Hussein, as the head of the Arab nationalists, entered into an alliance with the HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom" \o "United Kingdom" United Kingdom and HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/France" \o "France" France against the Ottomans in June 1916.
		Hussein's primary justifications included a charge that Kuwaiti territory was in fact an Iraqi province, and that annexation was retaliation for "economic warfare" Kuwait had allegedly waged through HYPERLINK "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slant_drilling" \o "Slant drilling" slant drilling into oil supplies that were in disputed territories.
	www.mcps.k12.md.us /schools/blakehs/staff/muldoont/me06/10key.doc (4935 words)

	Iraq and the wider Middle East
		From the almost monotonous regularity with which a series of promising peace processes have failed at the moment when they seemed most likely to succeed, one may be driven to the conclusion that they prefer to keep the conflict unresolved, but at a low level--simmering not boiling, and usefully controllable.
		The most notable of his open responses is the increase of the bounty he pays to the families of suicide bombers from $10,000 to $25,000.
		The second is the uncertainty about the fate of bin Laden, the lack of clear-cut evidence that he was killed by American firepower.
	www.aijac.org.au /updates/Oct-02/031002.html (3830 words)

	Star
		King Abdullah I initiated the call for the renovation the Mihrab Zakariyah and the restoration of the surrounding structures that were damaged during the 1948 Arab-Israeli war.
		During the era of His Majesty the late King Hussein, the Jordanian government in 1952 undertook the first restoration of the Dome of the Rock and the second restoration from 1959-1964.
		In the late 1980s, King Hussein gave instructions that the Dome of the Rock’s golden dome be recovered with 5,000 gold pieces and that its ceiling and infrastructure be reinforced, with special attention to the renovation of Minbar Salaheddine.
	www.star.com.jo /viewNews/DetailNews.aspx?nid=3496 (543 words)

	ZNet \| Iraq \| Iraq Must Go!
		Prince Feisal, the son of Hussein bin Ali, had fought in Syria with Lawrence against the Turks.
		Britain toppled Rashid Ali al-Gailani and hanged four of the putschist generals known as the Golden Square.
		Saddam Hussein used both the Party and the Army, and more effectively, a secret police that kept watch on them both, to turn Iraq into a charnel house.
	www.zmag.org /content/Iraq/glass_iraqmustgo.cfm (2936 words)

	IRAQI OPPOSITION
		Yet Saddam Hussein remains in power and may be getting stronger.
		That is the assessment of Sherif Ali bin al-Hussein, leader of the Constitutional Monarchist Party and a member of the Iraqi National Congress, a coalition of opposition groups.
		At a meeting of the Washington Institute for Near East Policy, he warned that Saddam Hussein will soon escape the box (EDS: free himself of restrictions) imposed on him after the Gulf war and start a military build-up that includes weapons of mass destruction.
	www.fas.org /news/iraq/2000/06/000628-iraq2.htm (704 words)

	Inquiry and Analysis Series - No. 199 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Grand Ayatollah Ali al-Sistani, the most senior and influential Shi'ite cleric in Iraq, has been adamant throughout the process of political transition from the Coalition Provisional Authority to the Interim Government that free elections throughout the country are the only way to restore legitimacy to the Iraqi government and end the occupation.
		With the help of a committee of six distinguished individuals, including its chairman, Dr. Hussein al-Shahrestani, a nuclear scientist who was imprisoned by Saddam for refusing to lend his services for Saddam's arm programs, a list called "the United Iraqi Alliance" was submitted to the High Commission for Elections.
		In an interview, Sherif Ali stressed the importance of participating in the elections to prevent "certain sides from monopolizing the political scene." [24] In addition, there are Sunni candidates included in the list sponsored by Ayatollah al-Sistani.
	www.memri.org /bin/articles.cgi?Page=countries&Area=iraq&ID=IA19904 (2727 words)

	Literary Corner - Yemeni Annals (Hawliat Yamaniyah) (VII) - culture - Yemen Times (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		There the Imam encounters the Sherif Hussein and they met in the outskirts of Al-Qutai'a and there the Sherif told his men, "you take one third of the Imam's troops (who were recruited from all the major tribes of Yemen) and I will take two-thirds" mocking at the Imam's forces!
		The author contends that the Sherif was shot with three bullets, especially after the Imam's troops had taken over the big cannon he had.
		The story of the Sherif is long and eventually he managed to escape and retook Zabid, where the author notes his troops went wild plundering looting and killing.
	www.yementimes.com /article.shtml?i=1010&p=culture&a=2 (739 words)

	Sunni Leader Backs Rebels (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Hussein's secular government, fell back on their communal loyalties, the Sunnis never had to, and are only now starting to see themselves as a distinct minority.
		"I think the Sunnis are starting to come together as the Shiites and the Kurds did," said Sharif Ali bin Hussein, a former financier and a cousin of Iraq's last king.
		At a recent conference in Baghdad convened by Sherif Hussein, all the applause was for speakers who praised the insurgency.
	www.truthout.org /cgi-bin/artman/exec/view.cgi/37/9965 (2080 words)

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