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Topic: Shiah Islam

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	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Mohammed and Mohammedanism (Islam)
		Mohammed, "the Praised One", the prophet of Islam and the founder of Mohammedanism, was born at Mecca (20 August?) A.D. Arabia was then torn by warring factions.
		Of the proverbial seventy-three sects of Islam, thirty-two are assigned to the Shiah.
		The five pillars of the practical and of the ritualistic side of Islam are the recital of the Creed and prayers, fasting, almsgiving, and the pilgrimage to Mecca.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/10424a.htm (4516 words)

	Shi'a Islam - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Shi'a Islam, also Shi`ite Islam or Shi`ism (Arabic: شيعة‎ translit: Shī‘ah Persian: شیعه‎ ) is the second largest denomination of the religion of Islam.
		Shi'a Islam was seen by some as a political-religious sect that recognizes the leadership of Ali and his descendants.
		Shi'a Islam holds that the Imamate is one of the fundamentals of Islam (A part of the Usul-Ad-din) and that one should follow the Imams of Ahlul Bayt, in order to correctly follow the Prophet Muhammad and his Sunnah.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Shiah_Islam (2791 words)

	Sunnah - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Terminologically, the word ‘Sunnah’ in Sunni Islam means the deeds, sayings and approvals of Muhammad during the 23 years of his ministry, and this means that whatever he did during his ministry as a prophet and messenger of Allah is considered a sunnah, which Muslims received through consensus of companions of Muhammad (Sahaba).
		In Shiah Islam, the word 'Sunnah' means the deeds, sayings and approvals of Muhammad and the twelve Imams who Shi'a Muslims believe were chosen by Allah to succeed the prophet and to lead mankind in every aspect of life.
		Many advocates of liberal movements within Islam claim that prophetic sunnah should be followed in matters of ritual and worship, but may be questioned in the case of Islamic law.
	en.wikipedia.org /?title=Sunnah (1022 words)

	Historical Context of the Bábi and Bahá'í Faiths
		One of the most significant of these is the Shiah sect, which believes that it was Muhammad's intention that his descendants inherit the spiritual and temporal leadership of the faithful.
		Although Sunni Muslims vastly outnumber the Shiah today, and are usually referred to by Western scholars as "orthodox" as opposed to the "heterodoxy" of the Shiah, Shiah Islam has a long and respected tradition, a tradition that only recently has become the object of serious study among a growing group of non-Muslim scholars.
		One of the features of Iranian Shiah tradition is that, in the year 873, the twelfth and last appointed Imam--only a child at the time--withdrew into "concealment" in order to escape the fate of his predecessors.
	www.bahai.org /article-1-3-0-7.html (1465 words)

	Mohammed, Islam and Mohammedanism
		Islam is an Arabic word which, since Mohammed's time, has acquired a religious and technical significance denoting the religion of Mohammed and of the Koran, just as Christianity denotes that of Jesus and of the Gospels, or Judaism that of Moses, the Prophets, and of the Old Testament.
		Mohammed, "the Praised One", the prophet of Islam and the founder of Mohammedanism, was born at Mecca A.D. 570. He spent his early life as a shepherd and an attendant of caravans, and at the age of twenty-five married a rich widow, fifteen years his senior.
		Any form of idolatry or apostasy is severely punished in Islam, but the violation of any of the other ordinances is generally allowed to go unpunished, unless it seriously conflicts with the social welfare or the political order of the State. Infanticide is strictly forbidden by Mohammed.
	www.sspx.ca /Communicantes/Nov2001/Mohammed_Islam_and_Mohammedanism.htm (2181 words)

	The Berzin Archives - The Kalachakra Presentation of the Prophets of the Non-Indic Invaders (Abridged)
		The Ghaznavid ruler, Mahmud of Ghazni, was a strong upholder of Sunni Islam.
		Within Islam, the fullest version of the prediction is that of the Shiites, which first appeared in its Ismaili form early in the Abbasid period, added several elements.
		Islam tolerates other religions, so long as its followers are "people of the Book." It defines such people as those who assert both a creator God and prophets who reveal the primordial wisdom of such a God.
	www.berzinarchives.com /kalachakra/kc_pres_prophets_islam_abridged.html (8897 words)

	Shiia Islam
		Because of their belief that the leader of the Muslim community must be a blood relative of the prophet, disputes arose when two sons of an Imam (the title given to the Shia leader) both claimed to be the rightful successor.
		The Sunni-Shia division of Islam originated as a succession dispute shortly after the death of the prophet Muhammad in 632 A.D. Shia believe that the proper successor of Muhammad was Ali.
		A characteristic of Shia Islam is the continual exposition and reinterpretation of doctrine.
	www.globalsecurity.org /military/intro/islam-shiia.htm (2651 words)

	Ulema
		Ulema (Arabic) are the community of legal scholars of Islam and the Sharia.
		They are most powerful in Shiah Islam[?] where their role is institutionalized, but where they are subordinate to the heirs of Ali, and the hierarchy of mullahs[?].
		Many efforts to modernize Islam itself focus on the re-introduction of ijtihad, empowerment of the umma to form their own ijma, and grassroots democracy to liberalize the sharia.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/ul/Ulema.html (375 words)

	The Sources and Tenets of Shi'ite Islam
		The Shi'ah believe that Muhammad's nephew, Ali was specifically designated as his successor and that divine guidance descended on them to guide the growing Muslim community and lead it in the path of Allah.
		The expression, "the Shi'ahs", signifies companions or followers and its reference in legal and theological terminology, ancient and modern, is to the partisans of `Ali and his sons.
		A modern Shi'ah writer puts this in his own words: "The whole of the Quran possesses the sense of ta'wil, of esoteric meaning, which cannot be comprehended directly through human thought alone.
	answering-islam.org /Gilchrist/Vol1/9b.html (3887 words)

	The Baha'i Community of Canada : La communaute baha'ie du Canada
		And there are still other aspects of Islam which influenced the development of the new religion and which dictated Muslim reaction to it.
		One of the most significant of these is the Shiah sect, which believes that Muhammad intended for his descendants to inherit the spiritual and temporal leadership of the faithful.
		Although Sunni Muslims vastly outnumber the Shiah today and are usually referred to by Western scholars as "orthodox" (as opposed to "heterodox" Shiah Muslims), Shiah Islam has a long and respected tradition, a tradition that only recently has become the object of serious study among a growing group of non-Muslim scholars.
	www.ca.bahai.org /main.cfm?SID=10 (1051 words)

	Living In Hell - Excerpts
		The two sects of Islam, Shiah and Sunni, are divided by their respective concept of Imams but the orders of God are still common to both sects and must be followed as they have been for thousands of years.
		The defining event for the separation of Shiah and Sunni was the battle at Karbala in the month of Moharam, 680 A.D. The night before the battle, he spoke to his followers and told them they could return to their hometowns if they so chose because he and his family were going to be killed.
		Eligible saints in Shiah Islam are recognized as Noah, Abraham, Moses, Jesus, Mohammad, the Twelvers of Shiah, and the Fatimeh, sole surviving daughter of Prophet Mohammad.
	www.livinginhell.com /excerpts.php (6456 words)

	The Berzin Archives - The Kalachakra Presentation of the Prophets of the Non-Indic Invaders (Full Analysis)
		Consequently, Islam also asserted Jesus as a human prophet, and added that his teachings were a forerunner of those revealed by Muhammad.
		In 726, during the Umayyad period, the Nestorian theologian John of Damascus wrote that Muhammad was a forerunner of the Antichrist.
		Islam tolerates other religions, so long as its followers are "people of the Book." It defines such people as those who accept both a creator God and prophets who reveal the primordial wisdom of such a God.
	www.berzinarchives.com /kalachakra/kc_pres_prophets_islam_full.html (14357 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		They propagandized that “Sunni Islam is not revolutionary and Sunni Islam does not rise against state, but Shiah Islam” so as to make Sunni Muslims convert to Shiah after revolution in Iran which was actually done by Tudeh, not the Shiites.
		Regarding Islam drawn back to individual level: Naqkshibendi order of tasawwuf, a mystical way of Islam coming from the first caliphate Abu Bakr, entered Central Land, Anatolia, in 17th century when Islam began to degenerate in hands of “immature bigot and rough puritan”.
		Therefore, all practices to be done on behalf of Islam should be performed with reference to him and all kinds of manners and actions opposite to this “position”, which is representing the truth of Islam, are out of “the true way”.
	www.geocities.com /ibdadocumentation/download/sunniIslam.doc (1953 words)

	COA - QUESTIONS ABOUT ISLAM
		Muhammad, the founder of Islam, was a native of Arabia and a Semite by race.
		Islam and the Arabic language are two major foundations maintaining a strong sense of Arab nationalism.
		Islam is a religion, but a religion of law to its very core, encompassing all facets of spiritual and temporal matters of the “ummah” (community).
	www.coabraham.org /questionsislam.htm (14672 words)

	Shiah Islam in Sunni traditions: A translation of Peshawar nights (MuhÃÂ£ammad SultÃÂ£aÃÂn ...
		Shiah Islam in Sunni traditions: A translation of Peshawar nights (MuhÃÂ£ammad SultÃÂ£aÃÂn al-VaÃÂÃÂ»izÃÂ£iÃÂn ShiÃÂraÃÂziÃÂ)
		Shiah Islam in Sunni traditions: A translation of Peshawar nights
		The political, juridical, and spiritual legitimacy of the Shi'ite position has been argued and documented in the English language, and from sources that the West has largely overlooked.
	www.abduct.com /shopaaer/us/product/1890847003.htm (501 words)

	Gerard Baudson: The New World Order And Yugoslavia (Part I)
		The Shiah are recognizing as imams the descendants of Ali.
		The strength of the Shiah is not only in its religious prophetism, it is in its interpellation of the powerful and in its fidelity to the tradition of fight against injustice.
		Islam is a great universal monotheistic religion, but contrary to the Christianity, it is not spiritual in the sense of the words of Jesus: "Give to Caesar what is due to Caesar", with a well marked distinction between the temporal and the spiritual.
	www.srpska-mreza.com /guest/Baudson/nwo_part1.html (14840 words)

	Dying for God: Preface
		The terms Shiah and Shii are, in common English usage, to a certain extent interchangeable and sometimes seem to be chosen arbitrarily.
		In Arabic, Shiah is the (uninflected) noun and Shii is the (nisba) adjective.
		"Shiah Islam" and "Shiism" are the two English terms used here to refer to this branch of Islam in toto.
	bahai-library.com /theses/dying/dying2.preface.html (1315 words)

	shiah - definition by dict.die.net
		Shiah n : one of the two main branches of orthodox Islam; mainly in Iran [syn: Shiah, Shia, Shiah Islam, the Shiites]
		sh[=i]'at, sh[=i]'ah, a multitude following one another in pursuit of the same object, the sect of Ali, fr.
		They do not acknowledge the Sunna, or body of traditions respecting Mohammed, as any part of the law, and on these accounts are treated as heretics by the Sunnites, or orthodox Mohammedans.
	dict.die.net /shiah (115 words)

	Free-Minds, a place to discover Islam based on GOD Alone
		The priests of Ahlul Sunnah and Shiah thereby acknowledge that these Christian beliefs are NOT found in the Quran but they are found in their extra Quranic writings of the hadith or the khabar.
		To overcome this discrepancy the priests of Ahlul Sunnah and Shiah have concocted the further lie that their ridiculous and fake collections of hadith and khabar (both supposedly being recorded sayings of the Rasul) have the same stature as the revealed Quran.
		For example in the never ending struggle between the Shiah and the Ahlul Sunnah cults, the Ahlul Sunnah say that although they may have outward similarities with the Shiahs (for example they both dress up like the Thief of Baghdad) but their aqeedah differs in that the core of their beliefs are different.
	www.free-minds.org /books/journey.htm (16208 words)

	Apologetics Against Islamic Heresies
		Islam is a religion where no person is allowed to choose their faith by the dictates of their own heart.
		Islam is therefore a Christian hating religion and it controls all Muslims by violence and force upon the threat of human sacrifice.
		As in all religious hierarchies, in Islam there is a pyramid style of authority were there are ascending ranks of religious power and authority until at the top there is one man who acts as a god.
	www.jesus-messiah.com /apologetics/islamic.html (15967 words)

	D.Arreola (Arizona State University) 7/14/97
		Islam does not equal Arab, and this is a common misconception among the general population.
		In Shiah you must be a blood descendent of Mohammed.
		When Islam took over Egypt they took over the largest reservoir of knowledge in the world at that time--Alexandria--and became the leading scholars in the world.
	mage.geog.macalester.edu /apgeog/arreola1.html (1713 words)

	The Sunni- The Shiites
		Actually, the Sunnite Islam that was not much related with the Iranian traditions included a reason that was in compliance with the Turkish thought and understanding at the same time.
		Therefore, the struggle with the Shiah Islam and its branches had come into existence as one of the main principles of the Seljuk policy.
		This Seljuk policy was oriented towards the eradication of Batini order that consisted of Shiah Islam that had a vital importance for the Turkish-Islam domination and a network of murderers.
	www.ozturkler.com /data_english/0002/0002_18_09.htm (1183 words)

	Moses and Jesus are dear to us as well - Islam - Religion and Spirituality - News, Opinion, Blog (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		In Islam, these are the cream de lait of true believers; the holy men of God who brought religions taught by God himself and who want us to treat each other as brothers and sisters, regardless of how we worship.
		According to the precepts of pure Islam, we are all brothers and sisters.
		Please don't judge Islam on the basis of the behavior of Bin Laden and his gang.
	www.religionandspiritualityforum.com /view.php?StoryID=20060528-094336-9891r (595 words)

	End of Days - By Reza Aslan - Slate Magazine
		In Sunni Islam, the imam is simply the person who stands at the head of the mosque and leads the congregation in prayer.
		For the Shiah, however, the imam is a divinely guided leader and the living spirit of the Prophet.
		However, as the Shiah shaped the doctrine of the Mahdi into the central tenet of their faith, Sunni scholars began to distance themselves from further speculation on the topic in an attempt to separate themselves from what fast became a politically disruptive ideology.
	www.slate.com /id/2105120 (1504 words)

	Order of Nazorean Essenes
		Shia Islam was influenced by Manichaean ideas, according to many scholars.
		Shiah (Twelvers)- Sub Sect of Islam with some Gnostic elements
		Shiah Ismailiyyah - Sub Sect of Shiah Islam with some Gnostic elements
	essenes.net /bnei6.htm (583 words)

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