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	MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Shigella enteritis
		Shigella enteritis is an acute infection of the lining of the intestines.
		Shigella enteritis is caused by the shigella bacteria.
		Shigella enteritis is common among travelers in developing countries and workers or residents of refugee camps.
	www.nlm.nih.gov /medlineplus/ency/article/000295.htm (643 words)

	Medmicro Chapter 22
		Shigella are differentiated from the closely related Escherichia coli on the basis of pathogenicity, physiology (failure to ferment lactose or decarboxylate lysine) and serology.
		The macrophage phagosome is subsequently degraded, and the intracellular shigellae cause release of IL-1 that evokes an influx of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN).
		The intercellular shigellae attach to actin in the enterocyte junctional complex, multiply, and spread to contiguous enterocytes by induced actin polymerization.
	gsbs.utmb.edu /microbook/ch022.htm (3838 words)

	Shigella Bacterium : Symptoms and Infection Risks
		This is because when Shigella bacteria multiply in the human gut they invade cells and result in much tissue destruction.
		Up to 3% of persons who are infected with Shigella may later develop a syndrome that includes joint pain and swelling, irritation of the eyes, and sometimes painful urination as well.
		The pathogenesis of Shigella flexneri infection: lessons from in vitro and in vivo studies.
	www.about-shigella.com /shigella_symptoms_risks.htm (494 words)

	Pathogen (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		The Shigella bacteria is gram-negative, non-spore forming rods with a diameter of 0.3-1 um and a length of 1-6 um.
		Shigella is spread in the infected excrement of people and monkeys, although monkeys are accidental hosts, only those in captivity have been identified as hosts of the bacteria.
		Shigella may be difficult to isolate from stool samples because it has characteristics that are similar to normal colon bacteria.
	www.ce.berkeley.edu /~nelson/ce210a/Shigella/shigella1.htm (773 words)

	Shigella
		Shigellosis is an infection with shigella (a rod-shaped bacteria) that normally occurs in the digestive tract.
		Shigella dysentery is a common disease, often self-limited and mild but occasionally serious, particularly in the first 3 years of life.
		Shigella is transmitted primarily from person-to-person by the fecal-oral route.
	www.healthscout.com /ency/428/634/main.html (352 words)

	Shigella Infections
		Shigella rarely infects infants younger than 6 months old, but it is common in children 2 to 4 years old, especially those in child care.
		Shigella can be passed in the person's stool for about 4 weeks even after the obvious symptoms of illness have resolved (although antibiotic treatment can reduce the excretion of Shigella bacteria in the stool).
		To confirm the diagnosis of a Shigella infection, your child's doctor may send a sample of your child's stool to the laboratory to be tested for Shigella bacteria.
	kidshealth.org /parent/infections/bacterial_viral/shigella.html (1092 words)

	AFROL Background - Shigella (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		Shigella are the most important organisms causing dysentery, and dysentery may be simply defined as diarrhea containing blood.
		Shigella infections are more severe in children who are malnourished and have a greater adverse effect on nutritional status than do other infections that cause watery diarrhea.
		During an epidemic, all shigella patients should receive an antibiotic to which Sd1 from local cases has been shown to be sensitive, WHO instructions say.
	www.afrol.com /Categories/Health/backgr_shigella.htm (849 words)

	Shigella
		Shigella is common in children between the ages of 2 and 4, particularly those in child care.
		Shigella infections are very contagious, and those who are infected with shigellosis pass the bacteria through their feces.
		Shigella can be passed through an infected person's feces several weeks after their exposure to the bacterium.
	www.jimsokolove.com /case_types/general/foodborne-illness/shigella.php (665 words)

	Shigella food poisoning (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		Shigella is a bacterium that can cause sudden and severe diarrhea (gastroenteritis) in humans.
		The source of Shigella bacteria is the excrement (feces) of an infected individual that is ultimately ingested by another person.
		Shigella organisms are killed by heat used in cooking.
	www.foodborneillness.com /shigella_food_poisoning.htm (937 words)

	shigellosis
		Determining that Shigella is the cause of the illness depends on laboratory tests that identify Shigella in the stools of an infected person.
		Shigella are present in the diarrheal stools of infected persons while they are sick and for a week or two afterwards.
		Most Shigella infections are the result of the bacterium passing from stools or soiled fingers of one person to the mouth of another person.
	members.tripod.com /aychan/shigella/report4.htm (1579 words)

	Shigella spp.
		Complications of Shigella infection are haemolytic-uraemic syndrome (HUS), seizures, sepsis, and toxic megacolon.
		Shigella cells are known to survive in soiled linen for up to seven weeks, in fresh water from five to eleven days, in salt water for 12-30 hours, in dust at room temperature for six weeks, in sour milk for four weeks, and in kitchen refuse for approximately 1-4 days.
		Shigella has the ability to enter epithelial cells and to spread from cell to cell, properties that are key determinants of bacterial virulence (Parsot and Sansonetti, 1996).
	pathport.vbi.vt.edu /pathinfo/pathogens/Shigella.html (3364 words)

	Shigella flexneri Sequencing Project
		Shigella species are commonly pathogenic to humans, causing severe gastroenteritis (bacillary dysentery).
		We have sequenced the large virulence plasmid pWR501 from Shigella flexneri serotype 5a, and it is available from Genbank with accession number AF348706.
		Shigella flexneri strain 2457T has been deposited with the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) and is available as ATCC 700930, both as a culture and as purified DNA from this strain.
	www.genome.wisc.edu /sequencing/sflex.htm (405 words)

	Shigella spp.
		The illness caused by Shigella (shigellosis) accounts for less than 10% of the reported outbreaks of foodborne illness in the United States.
		Shigella rarely occurs in animals and is principally a disease of humans but can also affect monkeys and chimpanzees.
		During that time the reported isolation rate of Shigella in the United States increased from 5.4 to 10.1 isolates per 100,000 persons.
	web.umr.edu /~microbio/BIO221_2004/Shigella.htm (592 words)

	Shigellosis Fact Sheet
		Shigella bacteria is found in the feces (stool) of an infected person.
		Since Shigella is found in the feces, people with diarrhea should not go to school or work.
		However, people who handle food, should be treated, and have no Shigella in their stools (two negative stool cultures) before they return to work.
	health.utah.gov /epi/fact_sheets/shigella.html (318 words)

	Shigella (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		Shigella is a Gram-negative bacterium that causes a spectrum of intestinal disease in humans.
		Infection of the large intestine produces a fairly classic picture of abdominal cramps, tenderness, straining to have a stool even though not much is produced (tenesmus), and mucousy stools with or without blood (bacillary dysentery).
		Again in contrast to the management of Salmonella infections, symptomatic patients with Shigella infections are treated with antibiotics.
	www.drhull.com /EncyMaster/S/shigella.html (328 words)

	SHIGELLA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		Shigella is closely related to Escherichia and is considered, by some scientists, to be another strain of E.
		Shigella is also an invasive pathogen which can be recovered from the bloody stool of an infected host.
		Shigella is easily spread from host to host, which should make it the primary suspect in outbreaks of diarrhea.
	medic.med.uth.tmc.edu /path/00001522.htm (157 words)

	Shigella: An Infectious Foodborne Illness, HYG-5563-98
		Shigella is a germ (one of the bacteria) that causes an infectious disease.
		One of the symptoms of Shigella poisoning is diarrhea.
		Shigella was isolated from fecal specimens from at least 12 ill passengers.
	ohioline.osu.edu /hyg-fact/5000/5563.html (969 words)

	AllRefer Health - Shigella Enteritis (Shigella Gastroenteritis, Shigellosis)
		Shigella enteritis is an acute infection of the lining of the small intestine caused by 1 of 4 different strains of the shigella bacteria,
		Outbreaks of shigella enteritis are associated with poor sanitation, inadequate water supplies, contaminated food, crowded living conditions, and fly-infested environments.
		Shigella enteritis is common among travelers in developing countries and workers or residents of reservations, refugee camps, and similar institutions.
	health.allrefer.com /health/shigella-enteritis-info.html (361 words)

	Shigella dysenteriae
		A total of 140 children with Shigella dysenteriae type I presented to the paediatricians at King Edward VIII Hospital in 1995; 35 were referred to the surgeons because of abdominal tenderness, distension, peritonitis or perforation.
		In conclusion, the lessons learned from this epidemic were to be aware of the existence of Shigella dysenteriae type I in the patients with dysentery, abdominal pain and distension and to try to identify the organism in the stool or blood culture.
		Ultrastructural pathology of the rectal mucosa in Shigella dysentery.
	ourworld.compuserve.com /homepages/l_lindsey/4330005.htm (1362 words)

	Shigella
		Shigella are a group of bacteria that can cause shigellosis — a diarrheal illness in humans.
		The infectious dose (amount required to cause illness) is believed to be as low as 10 cells of the Shigella organism, depending on the age and health of the affected individual.
		Shigella can be shed in the feces of some individuals for three to five weeks after symptoms of illness subside.
	www.ecolab.com /PublicHealth/Shigella.asp (358 words)

	US FDA/CFSAN - BAM * Shigella
		Thus, the use of novobiocin in Shigella broth may cause this medium to be incompatible with DNA hybridization for detecting Shigella.
		Because DNA hybridization can detect Shigella in the presence of overwhelming numbers of competitors, a selective agent such as novobiocin is not needed in the enrichment medium and may actually be counterproductive.
		Shigella species tend to be negative in all these reactions, whereas anaerogenic E.
	vm.cfsan.fda.gov /~ebam/bam-6.html (1075 words)

	Shigella infection
		Shigella can be passed through direct contact with the bacteria in the stool, such as in a child care setting where staff members don't wash their hands adequately when changing diapers or assisting toddlers with toilet training.
		Shigella bacteria also can be passed in contaminated food or by drinking or swimming in contaminated water.
		Shigella infection is far more common in developing nations, especially where there's overcrowding and poor sanitation.
	edition.cnn.com /HEALTH/library/DS/00719.html (1334 words)

	US FDA/CFSAN - Bad Bug Book - Shigella spp.
		Shigella rarely occurs in animals; principally a disease of humans except other primates such as monkeys and chimpanzees.
		From 1986 to 1988, the reported isolation rate of Shigella* in the United States increased from 5.4 to 10.1 isolates per 100,000 persons.
		Shigella sonnei was isolated from 10 ill children and from two of 19 asymptomatic children who were cultured on November 7.
	www.cfsan.fda.gov /~mow/chap19.html (1620 words)

	Shigella
		Determining that Shigella is the cause of the illness depends on laboratory tests that identify the bacteria in the stool of an infected person.
		Whereas shigella bacteria invades a cell's wall and moves from cell to cell to spread the disease, E.
		Shigella flexneri causes bacillary dysentery, the symptoms of which include abdominal pain, diarrhea, fever, vomiting and blood or mucus in the stool.
	www.bact.wisc.edu /themicrobialworld/Shigella.html (3229 words)

	Disease Listing, Shigellosis, General Information \| CDC Bacterial, Mycotic Diseases
		Determining that Shigella is the cause of the illness depends on laboratory tests that identify Shigella in the stools of an infected person.
		Shigella are present in the diarrheal stools of infected persons while they are sick and for a week or two afterwards.
		Most Shigella infections are the result of the bacterium passing from stools or soiled fingers of one person to the mouth of another person.
	www.cdc.gov /ncidod/dbmd/diseaseinfo/shigellosis_g.htm (1636 words)

	SFCC :: STD Basics : Other STDs
		Shigella can easily be spread from one person to another through rimming (oral-anal contact) and from oral contact with contaminated skin including skin in the groin area, the testicles and the penis.
		Shigella can also be spread via fecally contaminated food and water.
		Very thorough washing of your genitals and hands before and after sex can help prevent shigella and other infections, as well as using a barrier (cut-up condoms, dental dams, or household plastic wrap) for oral-anal sexual activities.
	www.dph.sf.ca.us /sfcityclinic/stdbasics/otherstds.asp (738 words)

	Information about Shigella Enteritis
		Shigella enteritis is an acute infection of the lining of the small intestine.
		Shigella enteritis is caused by 1 of 4 different strains of the shigella bacteria.
		The bacteria that cause shigella enteritis must be swallowed to cause an infection.
	www.mamashealth.com /infect/shingella.asp (242 words)

	Shigella Food Poisoning Attorney and Lawyer Resources
		The illness is also known as “bacillary dysentery.” Shigella bacteria can infect the intestinal tract after the ingestion of relatively few organisms.
		Unfortunately, many Shigella outbreaks are never traced to a source even though tens to hundreds of people can become ill as part of an outbreak.
		But when Shigella outbreaks occur, and are traced to a source, there is often news coverage surrounding the outbreak.
	www.marlerclark.com /news-shigella.htm (928 words)

	Shigella Blog : July 2005
		A month ago, the majority of shigella infections -- 49 of 55 cases -- were among children 4 and under who attend day care.
		The two more common bacteria that cause food poisoning, salmonella and shigella, are always waiting for an opportunity to become uninvited guests and ruin a good time outdoors.
		Most who are infected with Shigella develop diarrhea, fever, and stomach cramps starting a day or two after they are exposed to the bacterium.
	www.shigellablog.com /2005/07 (1966 words)

	About shigella: Hand washing helps prevent disease - Thursday, 01/13/05 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		Shigella is an infectious disease caused by a group of bacteria called shigella.
		Shigella are present in the diarrheal stools of infected people while they are sick and for a week or two after.
		Transmission of shigella can be stopped by frequent and careful hand washing with soap and warm water.
	tennessean.com /local/archives/05/01/64054988.shtml?Element_ID=64054988 (263 words)

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