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Topic: Shiite Muslims

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	Shiites. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		Shiite Islam originated as a political movement supporting Ali (cousin and son-in-law of Muhammad, the Prophet of Islam) as the rightful leader of the Islamic state.
		The religious authority of the Shiite clerics is derived from their role as deputies of the absent 12th Imam; they are as such the recipients of the khums religious tax, a source of substantial economic autonomy.
		In Iran, the Safavid adoption of a Shiite state religion led to the expansion of clerical involvement in public life, under the tutelage of the political elite.
	www.bartleby.com /65/sh/Shiites.html (626 words)

	Branches of Islam, Sunni, Shiite, Sufi
		Hussein was torture and beheaded, and today the Shiites of Iran honor the memory of Hussein's death with an annual procession in which marches in a frenzied demonstration beat and whip themselves with chains and branches.
		Shiites created the office of the "Imam" ("leader" or "guide"), who were infallible, one for each generation, the only source of religious instruction and guidance, and all in direct descendence of Ali.
		They are the Puritans of the Muslims, with the most strict, severely enforced moral standard of conduct, and their call for a pure Islam regulated by a literal interpretation of the Koran.
	www.religion-cults.com /Islam/islam5.html (1829 words)

	Shiite (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The Shiite Muslims are one of the divisions that exist within the religion of Islam.
		The Shiite Muslims believe that Mohammed was the Prophet, but claim that the Qu’ran explicitly showed that Ali was to succeed Mohammed.
		Muslims sacrifice a goat to symbolize the time when the Prophet Abraham was about to sacrifice his son to God and replaced him with an animal.
	www.openflock.org /shiite-muslim.html (643 words)

	Shiite Muslims in the Middle East - Council on Foreign Relations
		Most of the Shiites in the Middle East and southern Asia are so-called "twelvers," who believe the twelfth imam, or descendant of Mohammed's son-in-law and cousin, Ali, is the only rightful ruler of the Muslim faithful (Shiism means "partisans of Ali"); Shiite clerics derive their authority as deputies in his absence.
		In Iraq, Shiites suffered from two major crackdowns at the hands of Saddam Hussein's Sunni Baathist regime: one in the late 1970s and early 1980s, and another after the 1991 Gulf War, when a Shiite uprising was brutally put down.
		Shiites based in Beirut, Bahrain, and in Baghdad—whose largest slum, Sadr City, is a fertile recruiting ground for Shiite militias—are predominantly poor.
	www.cfr.org /publication/10903/shiite_muslims_in_the_middle_east.html (1906 words)

	Iraq's Forgotten Majority
		But nearly two-thirds of Iraqis are Shiite Muslims, and they populate the slums of Baghdad as well as the south of Iraq.
		Shiite Muslims would be the largest voting bloc in any democratic Iraq.
		Iraqi Shiites in exile in London and Tehran are seeking reassurances that, after Saddam Hussein, they would for the first time enjoy their fair share of power.
	www.uga.edu /islam/iraqshiite.html (817 words)

	From victims to a growing force \| The San Diego Union-Tribune
		In some places, the Shiite stirrings are drawing sharp, often brutal, government reactions as regimes seek to blunt what they consider to be among the most volatile regional consequences of the war in Iraq.
		Lebanon, where Shiite, Sunni and Christian militias battled each other during a 16-year civil war, is now governed under a power-sharing deal requiring that the president be Maronite Christian, the prime minister Sunni and the speaker of the legislature a Shiite.
		Shiites waged a violent campaign in the 1990s to win a role in government from the ruling family, and today the leadership is wary of that movement.
	www.signonsandiego.com /uniontrib/20040411/news_1n11shiites.html (682 words)

	SignOnSanDiego.com > In Iraq -- Shiite Muslims demand release of detained preacher
		About 2,000 Shiite Muslims marched to the headquarters of the U.S.-run coalition Wednesday, demanding the release of a detained cleric and vowing daily protests until he is freed.
		BAGHDAD, Iraq – About 2,000 Shiite Muslims marched to the headquarters of the U.S.-run coalition Wednesday, demanding the release of a detained cleric and vowing daily protests until he is freed.
		Shiites at the mosque said he had been wrongly accused of keeping weapons in the mosque.
	www.signonsandiego.com /news/world/iraq/20031008-0759-iraq.html (779 words)

	Shi'a Islam - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Shi'a Muslims adhere to what they consider to be the teachings of the Prophet Muhammad and the religious guidance of his family whom they refer to as the Ahlul Bayt.
		In particular, Shi'a Muslims recognize the succession of Ali (Muhammad's cousin, son-in-law, the first young man to accept Islam — second person only to Muhammad's wife Khadija —and the male head of the Ahl al-Bayt or "people of the [Prophet's] house") as opposed to that of the caliphate recognized by Sunni Muslims.
		Muslims must know this, and ought to refrain from unjust prejudice to any particular school of thought, since the religion of Allah and His Divine Law (Shari'ah) was never restricted to a particular school of thought.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Shiite (3287 words)

	USATODAY.com - A Who's Who of Iraqi Shiite leaders (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Iraq's Shiite Muslim majority, long repressed by Saddam Hussein's regime, are exulting in their newfound freedom and grabbing the political power they feel they deserve.
		At the forefront of the resurgent Shiite community are the influential clerics, and a number of leaders stand out — ranging from the older, more reserved leadership to younger, more militant mullahs eager to flex their power.
		Some divisions within the Shiite community have already begun to show, and it's unclear what sort of role Shiites will seek in post-Saddam Iraq — particularly whether clerics will be ready to hand over to a new government any of the power they are accumulating.
	www.usatoday.com /news/world/iraq/2003-04-22-shiite-who_x.htm (944 words)

	Shiite Muslims protest over comedy show - Global Affairs Forum, Politics, Law, Science, Health (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Thousands of Shiite Muslims enraged by a TV comedy that mocked the leader of Hezbollah took to the streets of southern Beirut on Thursday night, burning car tires and blocking roads, police and witneses said.
		A majority of muslims tend to gloss over the important scriptures that have their very base the universal brotherhood of mankind and are fixated on a few entries referring to "unbelievers".
		As muslims focus on the spiritual nature of the Koran (rather than the manifestations of conflict relating to conduct with unbelievers percieved or otherwise) they will turn their backs on the few vocal trouble makers.
	www.globalaffairs.org /forum/showthread.php?t=45013 (1645 words)

	Shiites Rising
		Others dismiss the notion that Shiites in the oil-rich Persian Gulf could pose a threat, except perhaps to the Sunni regimes that have not given them a sufficient political stake in their societies.
		Shiites account for only 10 percent of the world's 1.2 billion Muslims, compared to a 90 percent Sunni majority - - hardly enough for Shiite domination, according to The Heritage Foundation's James Phillips.
		Nonetheless, some analysts argue that the impact of Shiite political empowerment in Iraq has already seeped into countries like Saudi Arabia, where the marginalized Shiite minority is seeking greater equality and political representation.
	www.voanews.com /english/NewsAnalysis/Shiites2006-05-09-voa65.cfm (909 words)

	washingtonpost.com: Shiite Muslims in Saudi Arabia Emboldened by Hussein's Fall
		Naming a Shiite to the cabinet would set a precedent, though Shiites have been appointed to the Consultative Council, the closest thing Saudi Arabia has to a legislative body.
		Ahmed said the proposal has been feverishly passed around by e-mail, but he noted that Shiite clerics he had spoken to said they would not be satisfied with the naming of one minister; they wanted to push for more political and religious rights as well as employment opportunities.
		Shiite clerics allege that Saudi Arabia's Sunni establishment has prevented Shiite communities from building mosques in certain areas and kept them out of government jobs and the state media.
	www.washingtonpost.com /ac2/wp-dyn/A18412-2003Apr22?language=printer (753 words)

	Conspiracy against the Jaffari School of thought (Shiite Muslims) revealed
		Shiite Scholastic leaders (Marj’as) are the real strength of this school of thought who protect the Shiite faith in all time at all cost.
		It is due to this gathering and speech that the emotions of Shiites are invigorated in such a way that they are ready to stand up and fight for the truth against falsehood and evil, even if it costs them their lives.
		Weaken the foundations of the Shiites and blame it all on the Shiite scholars and leaders (Marj’as).
	www.angelfire.com /me4/shia (1849 words)

	What Is the Difference Between Sunni and Shiite Muslims--and Why Does It Matter?
		Shiites, in contrast, believe that only the heirs of the fourth caliph, Ali, are the legitimate successors of Mohammed.
		According to R. Scott Appleby, a professor of history at the University of Notre Dame, "Shiite Muslims, who are concentrated in Iran, Iraq, and Lebanon, [believe they] had suffered the loss of divinely guided political leadership" at the time of the Imam's disappearance.
		for Sunni Muslims, approximately 90 percent of the Muslim world, the loss of the caliphate after World War I was devastating in light of the hitherto continuous historic presence of the caliph, the guardian of Islamic law and the Islamic state.
	hnn.us /articles/934.html (484 words)

	kutv.com - Shiite Rivalry Slows Iraqi PM Appointment (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Behind the scenes, al-Jaafari's bid to remain prime minister is opposed by the biggest Shiite party, which is led by a member of a family that has competed for decades with al-Sadr's clan to lead Shiites.
		Shiite negotiators planned to meet again Wednesday, but officials said there was no hint an agreement was near.
		Shiite officials said his supporters fear removing him would bolster the position of the biggest Shiite party, the Supreme Council for the Islamic Revolution in Iraq, or SCIRI.
	kutv.com /topstories/topstories_story_101223453.html (1275 words)

	Jewish Task Force (JTF.ORG): "Democratizing" Muslims Endangers America's Survival
		In Iraq, Shiite Muslim terrorist ayatollahs told their followers to vote in huge numbers so that Iraq's new Muslim "democracy" would have a Shiite Muslim majority in the central government and in the parliament.
		The Islamic religion commands all Muslims to engage in jihad (holy war) until the entire world is Muslim and until all non-Muslims are either forcibly converted or physically exterminated.
		Muslims who adhere to a lunatic Nazi religion that preaches the genocidal annihilation of all non-Muslims cannot possibly be worthy of the precious gifts of liberty and freedom.
	www.jtf.org /america/america.democratizing.muslims.htm (1676 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Shiites are believed to comprise 60 percent of Iraq's 25 million people but Saddam's government favored the minority Sunni Muslim population.
		Demonstrators carried posters of Shiite leader Muqtada al-Sadr, the son of a cleric killed in 1999 by suspected Saddam agents, while marching to central Baghdad's Firdos Square.
		Shiites have become increasingly vocal in recent weeks about their opposition to the U.S. plan for transferring power.
	www.11alive.com /news/usnews_article.aspx?storyid=41768 (714 words)

	Iraqi holy men leap into postwar politics \| csmonitor.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Shiites, who broke away from the dominant Sunni early in Islam's history in a dispute over the Prophet Muhammad's lineage, are distinguished by their refusal to automatically bow to temporal authority, and by their tradition of ijtihad, whereby sharia is adapted to suit the age.
		Shiite Muslims thus rely on religious scholars - ayatollahs and other learned men collectively known as marja - to interpret the Koran and the law in rulings known as fatwas.
		Also competing for Shiite political allegiance is the Dawa, a well-organized party whose sympathizers were often the victims of mass executions under the Hussein regime.
	www.csmonitor.com /2003/0514/p01s02-woiq.html (2030 words)

	deseretnews.com \| New Shiite party leader emerges
		Maliki, a senior member of the coalition of Shiite parties that holds the largest number of seats in Iraq's parliament, is now on course to lead Iraq's first long-term government since the fall of Saddam Hussein.
		The Shiite leaders also said they had reached an understanding with other factions over who would hold other top posts in the next government, including those of the president and two deputy presidents, who hold the formal power to nominate a prime minister.
		Yet Maliki, born in 1950 near the Shiite holy city of Karbala, possesses credentials that may not endear him to Sunni Arabs or U.S. officials wary of foreign influence.
	deseretnews.com /dn/view/0,1249,635201643,00.html (987 words)

	Shiites turn out to support Iraqi charter - Conflict in Iraq - MSNBC.com
		The two parties are the largest Shiite political groupings in Iraq, and their representatives played a key role in drafting the new charter, the subject of a referendum on Oct. 15.
		In the aftermath of Wednesday’s mass loss of life during a Shiite pilgrimage in Baghdad, politicians from Sunni and opposition Shiite groups have denounced the government’s failure to organize the processions and to quickly react following the stampede in which nearly 1,000 people died.
		The stampede erupted as hordes of Shiite pilgrims, many women and children, were jammed up at a security checkpoint established months ago to restrict movement from a Sunni neighborhood on the eastern side of the river to a Shiite stronghold on the west side.
	www.msnbc.msn.com /id/9126948 (897 words)

	The Daily Star Web Edition Vol. 5 Num 766
		Although the Sunni minority lost their grip on power after the American invasion of 2003, the Sunni insurgents are systematically killing the Shiites in the name of fighting the coalition forces.
		Muslims are slaughtering fellow Muslims and then blaming it on America and Israel.
		It is interesting to note that after the killing of Allama Turabi by a Sunni extremist, hundreds of Shiite youths gathered in front of his house, weeping and chanting slogans against America and Israel, unusual targets of anger in the wake of such acts of violence by Sunni Muslims in Pakistan.
	www.thedailystar.net /2006/07/23/d607231102101.htm (452 words)

	USNews.com: Long considered radical extremists, the Shiite Muslims may hold the key to a new Iraq
		Belonging to a sect that constitutes roughly 10 to 15 percent of the world's Muslims, Shiites trace their origins to a succession fight for the caliphate in the early decades after the death of Mohammed.
		Directly at issue in Iraq is not only the question of whether the nation's Shiite Muslim majority, some 60 percent of the population, will acquire political influence commensurate with its numbers for the first time in modern Iraqi history.
		One is a partial misperception of Shiism as an extremist, emotionalist (particularly in their ritual acts of self-flagellation), and utopian minority of the world's Muslims, a view partly encouraged by western academic bias, which often leans toward the more western-oriented Sunni Ottomans and their heirs in modern Turkey.
	www.usnews.com /usnews/news/articles/050131/31shiite.htm (584 words)

	Iraq's 'triangle of death' includes bounties - Conflict in Iraq - MSNBC.com
		The triangle, formed by the cities of Youssifiyah to the northwest, Latifiyah to the south and Mahmoudiya to the east, holds the fastest routes from Baghdad southward to the Shiite shrines in Najaf and Karbala.
		Bayan Jaber of the major Shiite political party said that a week ago, five Shiites traveling to Najaf from Diyala province near the Iranian border were waylaid in the “triangle of death” and shot dead.
		During the failed Shiite uprising of 1991, Sunnis, especially from the al-Janabat tribe, were used to curb the rebellion.
	msnbc.msn.com /id/6530940 (1168 words)

	Shiites - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		SHIITES [Shiites] [Arab., shiat Ali, =the party of Ali], the second largest branch of Islam, Shiites currently account for 10%-15% of all Muslims.
		Ali's right passed with his death in 661 to his son Hasan, who chose not to claim it, and after Hasan's death, to Husayn, Ali's younger son.
		Shiite pilgrims pour into Baghdad a year after deadly stampede
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-shiites.html (750 words)

	CNN.com - Shiite Muslims' holiest day - Mar. 4, 2004
		Iraqi Shiite Muslims repeatedly hit their heads with blades to show their religious devotion.
		Iraqi Shiites commemorate the death of the founder of their branch of Islam.
		Iraq's Shiite Muslims have fought to get what they want in the new interim constitution.
	cnn.com /2004/WORLD/meast/03/02/sprj.nirq.karbala.festival/index.html (557 words)

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