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	Shingas at AllExperts
		Shingas, a member of the Delaware Turkey clan (or phratry), was a nephew of Sasoonan (also known as Allumapees), a leader who was regarded by Pennsylvania authorities as the Delaware "king." This title had no traditional meaning for the Delawares, who lived in autonomous villages.
		The British built Fort Pitt on the ruins of Fort Duquesne, to the consternation of the local Delawares, contributing to the outbreak of Pontiac's Rebellion in 1763.
		Shingas disappears from the historical record around 1764; some have speculated that he may have contracted smallpox from blankets distributed to the Delawares from Fort Pitt during the war, but there is no clear evidence that he (or anyone else for that matter) died as a result of the incident.
	en.allexperts.com /e/s/sh/shingas.htm (935 words)

	Artisits - Trish Cacek - Shinga's Tale
		Shingas could hear the songs of the mourners lift and fall across the waters of the Lenapewihittuk as if they rode upon the backs of the lightning bugs that blinked first here, then there, in front of the canoes.
		Shingas leaned forward and saw a small tremor tug at the boy’s mouth, a childish quiver of fright that was gone a moment later as he straightened his shoulders, preparing his body to bridge the two worlds.
		Shingas closed his eyes and joined his voice to hers, doubling the prayer and imagining his words and hers, and those of the Real People gathered around them turning into lightning bugs to light the pathway through the stars for his child.
	www.newhopepa.com /artists/Cacek/ShingasTale.htm (2618 words)

	Shingas - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-15)
		Like most Delawares, Shingas and his villagers stayed neutral in the early stages of the conflict, declining to assist George Washington at Fort Necessity in 1754 and the Braddock Expedition in 1755.
		The British built Fort Pitt on the ruins of Fort Duquesne, to the consternation of the local Delawares, contributing to the outbreak of Pontiac's Rebellion in 1763.
		Shingas disappears from the historical record around 1764; some have speculated that he may have contracted smallpox from blankets distributed to the Delawares from Fort Pitt during the war, but there is no clear evidence that he (or anyone else for that matter) died as a result of the incident.
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Shingas (889 words)

	Shingas--King of the Delawares (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-15)
		Because Shingas played an important role in some significant events which shaped the American future, he is mentioned frequently and his words, as recorded by others, are sometimes quoted extensively.
		He is mainly remembered as "Shingas, the Terrible", leader of the 'savages' who scalped defenseless women and children along the Pennsylvania frontier from 1755 to 1757.
		Though Shingas was, in war, daring and courageous, he was far from being a savage.
	www.bchistory.org /beavercounty/BeaverCountyCommunities/Beaverfolder/Shingas/Shingas.html (957 words)

	[No title]
		Shingas, brother of King Beaver and Pisquetoman, was named King of the Delawares at the Virginia Logstown conference in June, 1752.
		Shingas was at his home on the Ohio at the mouth of Chartiers Creek in November, 1753.
		Although Shingas was feared by the English, women and children who had been his captives asserted that he had always been kind to them.
	www.gbl.indiana.edu /archives/miamis10/M52_29a.html (3876 words)

	Pers N - Z (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-15)
		He probably succeeded Shingas as Delaware Head Chief by 1757 and was replaced by White Eyes, who was the Head War Chief.
		Shingas was the chief of the Western Delaware.
		Shingas was chosen to lead the negotiations at Logstown in 1752.
	lenapedelawarehistory.net /mirror/persN-Z.htm (6407 words)

	Shingas - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The colonial governments of both Pennsylvania and Virginia responded by offering rewards to anyone who would kill him.
		The Iroquois at this time claimed sovereignty over the Delawares, a dubious claim that British officials recognized in order to strengthen ties with the Iroquois—usually at the expense of the Delawares.
		259) write that Shingas was a nephew of Sasoonan; Lambert and Franks say they were brothers.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Shingas (832 words)

	English, French, and Indian Wars 1754-1763
		Shingas excused himself, and Half King could only persuade three Mingos to push on through snow and rain.
		In the fall Shingas and Jacobs led raids for the French in the back-country.
		Shingas had been told by a trader that the French and English intended to kill all the Indians and divide their land.
	san.beck.org /16-3-AngloFrenchWar1754-63.html (18841 words)

	Beaver athletes on display (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-15)
		The towns that comprise the Beaver Area School District have produced champions who've made their mark in high school, college, the pros and the Olympics.
		His picture is in the 1969 edition of Shingas.
		Shingas, the name of the Beaver Area High School yearbook, was a Delaware Indian warrior who was the brother of King Beaver, the Indian chief after whom the town was named.
	www.post-gazette.com /pg/06250/719499-57.stm (775 words)

	Indian Names in Beaver County (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-15)
		The name of a former Indian village, at the mouth of the Beaver River, also called Shinga's Town; the name of a village at the junction of the Big Sandy with the Tuscarawas River, in Ohio-this village was also called Tuscarawas.
		He was himself succeeded by "Captain Johnny," who was succeeded by "White Eyes." Tamaque, or The Beaver, was a relentless foe of the English settlers, as were nearly all of the leading chiefs of his tribe, or, rather, clan.
		The chief place of residence of Tamaque was at Shingas Town, or Beaver Town, as it was later called.
	www.bchistory.org /beavercounty/BeaverCountyTopical/NativeAmerican/IndianNamMSp79.html (362 words)

	Re: Kittanning Raid of 1756
		Jacob was sub-chief to Shingas of the Lenni Lenape.
		Col. Armstrong withdrew as Chief Shingas crossed the Allegheny in pursuit.
		A War Memorial containing his name (few names survived) was dedicated to all of Armstrong County's War Dead (all wars) by name in 1996, and Senaca danced a War/Peace Dance for all.
	genforum.genealogy.com /pa/armstrong/messages/979.html (171 words)

	MoralCompass » Take Me to Your Leader
		The major frustration for the commissioners was that no one seemed to be in command, who had the power to sign away the birthright of the tribes.
		In the event, Shingas had a conflict and could not attend the ceremony, but his brother Tamaqui went in his place and the commissioners, unaware of the switch, installed the interloper as king.
		The anointing failed to change the culture of the clans, and the bloody series of misunderstandings arising from our unwillingness to comprehend that such a culture exists continued unabated through all the Indian wars and to this day.
	moralcompass.grassrootsnet.com /?p=83 (896 words)

	Ratified treaty # 4Treaty of Logstown, 1752The Treaty of Logg's Town, 1752. (1906). Virginia Magazine of History and ...
		Shingas was a famous village chief, a terror to the frontier settlements of Pennsylvania.
		As will be seen, however, from one of the speeches of the Half King, Shingas is stated to have lived at the "fork of the Mohongalio" (Pittsburg).
		Brother the Governor of Virginia, You acquainted us yesterday with the King's Right to all Lands in Virginia as far as it is settled, and back from thence to the Sun setting, whenever he shall think fit to extend his Settlements.
	libr.unl.edu:8888 /etext/treaties/treaty.00004.html (4214 words)

	Cox Family Information from Kim Barr - Seattle, Washington
		Being told that the King was ready to receive them, they again set up the war shout, and provided themselves with hickory swithes, with which they lashed the ground in a furious manner, and, when they came in sight of the other Indians, fell to whipping the prisoners most unmercifully, drawing blood at every stroke.
		When they met, a council was held concerning the prisoners, and Craig was given to Shingas, who adopted him as his son, and he and his party separating from the other Indians, took him with them to Loyal Hannah.
		From this place, Shingas, with the greater part of his force, went to attack McDowel's Fort, and left Craig in the custody of four Indian men and two women.
	www.newrivernotes.com /nrv/cox.htm (1015 words)

	Fort Necessity National Battlefield - The Braddock Campaign (U.S. National Park Service)
		In 1913 the marker was placed where it is today, keeping its silent watch.
		The Delaware warrior Shingas initially wanted to fight with the British.
		Shingas got so angry he went to fight with the French.
	www.nps.gov /fone/braddock.htm (733 words)

	Fort Necessity-French and Indian War Education Program
		Shingas was a Lenape war chief and a wise leader.
		Before forming an alliance with the British Shingas asked Braddock whether the American Indians would be free to live in their homeland if the British defeated the French.
		He told Shingas "No Savage should inherit the land." Shingas was so angry he left and joined the French.
	www.nps.gov /fone/classroom/fiwar/biography_5th.htm (9423 words)

	Armstrong's Victory at Kittanning, Page 3 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-15)
		Shingas, for whose head large rewards had been offered at Philadelphia and in Virginia, had escaped, but his Indian followers suffered such loss of confidence in their own power and in their French allies that the vigor and boldness of their earlier attacks was thereafter lacking.
		Rewards equal to those for Shingas had been offered for Captain Jacobs.
		On October 30 the Provincial Commissioners paid Armstrong £272 for Indian scalps and returned prisoners; and on January 5, 1757, the Philadelphia Council sent him its present of plate and medals.
	www.phmc.state.pa.us /ppet/kittanning/page3.asp (434 words)

	The Stories Pg. 2
		"On April 1st, 1756, SHINGAS attacked and burned Fort McCord, a private fort, erected in the autumn of 1755, and located several miles north-east of Fort Loudon, Franklin County (PA), and not far from the Yankee Gap in the Kittatinny Mountains, west of Chambersburg.
		After the destruction of the fort, Shingas' band was pursued by three bodies of settlers and soldiers.
		Here a fierce battle was fought for two hours, but Shingas being reinfoced, the white men were defeated with great loss, twenty-one killed and seventeen wounded.
	www.usgennet.org /usa/ga/topic/indian/settlers/Thestories2.htm (6829 words)

	Paying homage to a queen of history (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-15)
		Others claim it was named for the beaver, for which the river and other towns were named.
		In the historical Indian period, a village called Shingas Town was located here.
		Shingas was one of two brothers of King Beaver.
	www.freerepublic.com /focus/f-news/1007967/posts (1037 words)

	Memoirs of David Hunter Patterson (1844-1938)
		"The Indian Chief Shingas, known as King Shingas, was a noted chief of the Turkey Clan of Delaware and a brother of Chief Beaver.
		The part that came against the Cove is under the command of Shingas the Delaware King.
		"Among the outrages committed by Shingas during the above incursions was the capture of the family of John Martin, a settler in the Big Cove near Cove Creek.
	www.solstation.com /lin/patterson/CH1.htm (1134 words)

	Howard Zinn, A People's History of the United States, 1980.
		Shingas asked General Braddock, whether the Indians that were friends to the English might not be permitted to Live and Trade among the English and have Hunting Ground sufficient to Support themselves and Familys.
		On which Shingas and the other Chiefs answered That if they might not have Liberty to Live on the Land they would not Fight for it.
		When that war ended in 1763, the French, ignoring their old allies, ceded to the British lands west of the Appalachians.
	www.ditext.com /zinn/zinn5.html (8976 words)

	Volume 8 - Chapter 11: A Frontier Family
		In the latter part of October of that year, King Shingas and Captain Jacobs, two Delaware Indians, started out from their village, Kittaning, on a maurading expedition.
		In this battle, Captain Jacobs and his squaw were killed but King Shingas and many of the cap-tives escaped and moved to Muskinghum (now in Ohio).
		Colonial Records, volume 7, page 381, states Shingas was located here in November 1756.
	www.everettarea.org /tales/v08/v08c11.htm (2441 words)

	Armstrong's Victory at Kittanning (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-15)
		The first scattered Indian raids, in the fall of 1755, had been interrupted by winter, but now were resumed in earnest.
		Incited and aided by the French enemy, recently established in western Pennsylvania, Delaware and Shawnee Indians, under their leaders, Shingas and Captain Jacobs, swept down to burn, kill, and capture.
		During the winter the province had built and garrisoned four forts west of the Susquehanna River: Fort George (Patterson's Fort), Fort Granville, Fort Shirley, and Fort Lyttelton.
	www.phmc.state.pa.us /ppet/kittanning/page1.asp?secid=31 (572 words)

	Lenape Nation - A Tribal Community
		The Iroquois confederacy appointed him as "King" of the Lenape in 1752 to replace Shingas.
		He was part Lenape and was go between for the Lenape'and the PA. Government.
		Lived at Venango, Pa. He met George Washington in 1753 when Washington was at Venango.
	lenapenation.org /lenapehistory_lenapechiefs.html (1149 words)

	Delaware
		At Logstown in 1751, the Iroquois recognized the selection of Shingas as the head chief of the Delaware.
		Although his authority was not accepted by the Delaware still on the Susquehanna, the Delaware had become an organized tribe.
		Shingas - now known as "Shingas the Terrible" - raided settlements along the Susquehanna and invited the Delaware living there under Iroquois supervision to join his war parties.
	www.tolatsga.org /dela.html (16675 words)

	The Kittanning Medal
		This was a site of early Delaware settlements on the Ohio, dating from the 1720’s, and had long been known to the Pennsylvania traders who accompanied and followed these Indians from the Susquehanna.
		The Delaware name of the place meant "at the great river"; and the Iroquois name, Atique, was of similar significance; it was a major landmark on a route running westward from the lower Susquehanna to the prairie country south of the Great Lakes.
		It should be noted that the present site of Kittanning, Pennsylvania, approximates that of the Indian village of Kittannning and was named after the latter.
	www.coinlibrary.com /wpns/club_wpns_pr_kittanning.htm (1342 words)

	hist0908
		Kittanning was chosen as the militia's target because it was from that place that the Indian incursions generally originated.
		The Delaware chief, Captain Jacobs resided there, and occasionally the chief, King Shingas made his home there.
		On 30 August, 1756, Colonel John Armstrong, with a detachment of three hundred and seven men set out from Fort Shirley on the Juniata River and headed for the Indian town.
	www.nativenewsonline.org /history/hist0908.html (1867 words)

	A SHORT HISTORY OF PHILADELPHIA
		The defeat of George Washington and Edward Braddock by the French and their northern American Indian allies in Western Pennsylvania turn the Delawares (led by Shingas) against the English, and in many cases, against the Europeans in general.
		King Beaver, a relative of Shingas signs a treaty which ends the first round of the Delaware's revolt against the English.
		Displaced Moravian Delawares who come to Philadelphia are the targets of the "Paxton Boys", a group of white settlers from the western Pennsylvania frontiers.
	www.chillyphilly.com /PhilaHist.html (3160 words)

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