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	Shirkuh - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Shirkuh was later given Homs as a vassal state of Mosul.
		Shirkuh avoided a pitched battle with the Crusaders, who in any case did not have the resources to conquer Egypt and were forced to retreat.
		Shirkuh or Shir Kuh is a Kurdish-Persian name which literally means "The lion Mountain".
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Shirkuh (465 words)

	Amalric I of Jerusalem - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In 1167, Nur ad-Din sent Shirkuh back to Egypt and Amalric once again followed him, establishing a camp near Cairo; Shawar again allied with Amalric as well and a treaty was signed with the caliph al-Adid himself.
		Shirkuh encamped on the opposite side of the Nile.
		Shirkuh became vizier, although he himself died in March, and was succeeded by his nephew Saladin.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Amalric_I_of_Jerusalem (1834 words)

	Islam during the Crusades (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		His uncle, Shirkuh, saw an opportunity in 1163 in the unsettled political conditions there and undertook to interfere with the somewhat reluctant blessing of Nuradin.
		In the final invasion, January 1169, Cairo fell to Shirkuh and Shawar was arrested and executed.
		Shirkuh was briefly wazir, but he was old and obese and died only a few weeks later.
	crusades.boisestate.edu /Islam/13.shtml (238 words)

	Third Crusade Encyclopedia Article @ KJ5.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Shawar was executed for his treacherous alliances with the Christian forces, and Shirkuh succeeded him as vizier of Egypt.
		Shirkuh's successor was his nephew, Salah ad-Din Yusuf, best known as Saladin.
		It was decided that the only man competent enough to uphold the jihad against the Crusaders was Saladin, who became sultan of both Egypt and Syria, and the founder of the Ayyubid dynasty.
	www.kj5.com /encyclopedia/Third_Crusade (1614 words)

	Wikipedia: Saladin
		After an initial military education under the command of the Seljuk statesman and soldier Shirkuh, Saladin defended Egypt against the Crusaders and abolished the Fatimid caliphate in 1171.
		As the leader of a foreign army from Syria, he also had no control over the Egyptian army, which was led by the now otherwise powerless caliph.
		With his brothers, Saladin turned Egypt essentially into a vassal state of his own family, against the wishes of Nur ad-Din who had sent Shirkuh and Saladin to Egypt in the first place.
	www.factbook.org /wikipedia/en/s/sa/saladin.html (674 words)

	Amalric I of Jerusalem
		On the other hand, it was natural for Nur ad-Din to attempt to secure Egypt, both because it was the terminus of the trading route which ran from Damascus and because the acquisition of Egypt would enable him to surround the Latin kingdom.
		For some five years a contest was waged between Amalric and Shirkuh[?], the lieutenant of Nur ad-Din, for the possession of Egypt.
		Thrice (1164, 1167, 1168) Amalric penetrated into Egypt: but the contest ended in the establishment of Saladin, the nephew of Shirkuh, as vizier.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/am/Amalric_I.html (533 words)

	Untitled Document
		Shirkuh's invasion was successful and by late May 1164 Shirkuh was entrenched in Egypt.
		Shirkuh saw that now was the opportune time to fulfill his vows, for, with the king gone, there would be no one to block his wishes.
		Shirkuh was succeeded by Saladin, the son of his brother, Najm-ad-Din.
	www.cartage.org.lb /en/themes/GeogHist/histories/histdocts/Biblio12/A12/WilliamofTyre/tyre-latindisarray.html (9553 words)

	Paradox Interactive Forums - Upon the desert sands: A Mongol Empire Scenario
		Shirkuh raised his head, revealing the scar that cut across the bridge of his nose and across to his left ear, as he met the beautiful, melting eyes of his commander.
		Shirkuh now knew one of the reasons that Mahmud was in a good mood, and guessed that the recent additions to his harem could be another.
		I expect this done with haste, Shirkuh, for I will be counting on the ships of Latakia to be used in closing off the port of Seleucia." while he spoke Nur al-Din traced the outline of the various paths with his finger.
	www.europa-universalis.com /forum/printthread.php?t=142507 (5152 words)

	Shirkuh: Facts and details from Encyclopedia Topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Shirkuh was later given Homs (Homs (also him, arabic,, population 700,000) is a city in syria, on the orontes...)
		Shirkuh was sent back into Egypt in 1167, Exception Handler: No article summary found.
		Shirkuh's name is Persian (The language of Persia (Iran) in any of its ancient forms)
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /ref/shirkuh (1243 words)

	Saladin. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		He lived for 10 years in Damascus at the court of Nur ad-Din, where he distinguished himself by his interest in Sunni theology.
		He accompanied his uncle, Shirkuh (or Shirkoh), a lieutenant of Nur ad-Din, on campaigns (1164, 1167, 1168) against the Fatimid rulers of Egypt.
		Shirkuh became vizier there and on his death (1169) was succeeded by Saladin.
	www.bartleby.com /65/sa/Saladin.html (510 words)

	Printable Version on Encyclopedia.com
		His lieutenant Shirkuh barely forestalled the forces of Baldwin's successor, Amalric I, in occupying Egypt.
		Nur ad-Din built hospitals, mosques, and schools and was notable for his rule of temperance and justice.
		Aroused by the independent actions of Saladin, Shirkuh's successor, Nur ad-Din was preparing to invade Egypt at the time of his death.
	www.encyclopedia.com /printable.aspx?id=1E1:nuraddin (100 words)

	SALADIN - LoveToKnow Article on SALADIN (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		His father, Ayyub (Job), and his uncle Shirkuh, sons of a certain Shadhy of Ajdanakan near Dawin, were both generals in Zengi's army.
		It was a menace to his empire on the south, the occasional ally of the Franks and the home of the unorthodox caliphs.
		His pretext was the plea of an exiled vizier, and Shirkuh was ordered to Egypt in 1164, taking Saladin as his lieutenant.
	www.1911ency.org /S/SA/SALADIN.htm (1364 words)

	Saladin biography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		After a life of pleasure and study he accompanied his uncle, Shirkuh, about 1164, on an expedition dispatched by Nureddin, Sultan of Syria, ostensibly to reinstate Shawir, the expelled Vizier of Egypt.
		When the latter, some years later, threw off his allegiance to Nureddin, Shirkuh made a second invasion of Egypt, overthrew Shawir, assumed the vizierate, and, dying soon after, was succeeded by Saladin (1169).
		The last of the Fatimite caliphs died in 1171 and Saladin became absolute ruler of the country, though be did not proclaim himself Sultan till after the death of Nureddin in 1174.
	www.dromo.info /saladinbio.htm (290 words)

	Sample text for Library of Congress control number 00050890
		For on the very night that Yusuf was born, the child's uncle, Shirkuh, had a dispute with the Isfahsalar, commander at the castle gate, after the officer had insulted a woman and she had come to Shirkuh in tears.
		As Shirkuh and Saladin headed south, Nur ad-Din himself laid siege to the greatest of all the Crusader castles, Krak des Chevaliers, in central Syria, but the fortress was impregnable and the Muslim forces were turned back.
		In 1164, with Saladin in command of the vanguard of the army, Shirkuh conquered Cairo.
	www.loc.gov /catdir/samples/random045/00050890.html (2486 words)

	Son of the White Wolf review
		Along the way, another villain named Shirkuh joins them, claiming to have a price on his head and hoping to seek refuge in the city of thieves.
		Desperately, Brent makes a deal with Shirkuh, offering him thirty thousand rupees to deliver his message to El Borak or else to help him escape from the slavers.
		Shirkuh accepts the message but, before he can help Brent escape, they arrive at the dreaded "City of Thieves"...
	www.pulpanddagger.com /conan/Wolf.html (1274 words)

	Crusades: The career of Saladin (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		According to Geoffrey Regan, Saladin was born in 1138 in Tikrit, Mesopotamia, and at the age of eight moved to Damascus, where his father Ayyub and uncle Shirkuh progressed up the ranks in their service of the great Muslim leader Zangi, and later of his son Nur al?Din.
		In 1167 Saladin accompanied Shirkuh (now in command of an elite force of Syrian troops) to Egypt to fight against Shawar, the vizier, and Amalric, King of Jerusalem.
		In early 1169, Shirkuh and Saladin travelled to Cairo, where the vizier Shawar was subsequently murdered and Shirkuh became the new vizier, with Saladin as his right-hand man. Within three months, Shirkuh had died, and Saladin was elected commander of the Syrian army and accepted as vizier of Egypt (Regan, p23).
	www.dicksonc.act.edu.au /Showcase/ClioContents/feudalism/saladin.html (1199 words)

	[No title]
		Shirkuh then tried to come to terms with Shawir against the Christians as a common foe, but without success.
		Shirkuh and Saladin entered the capital in great state, and were received with honour by the caliph, and with obsequiousness by Shawir, who was contriving a plot which was fortunately discovered, and for which he paid with his life.
		Shirkuh was then appointed vizier by El-Adid, but, dying very shortly, he was succeeded in that dignity by his nephew Saladin (A.D. Saladin inaugurated his reign with a series of brilliant successes.
	www.gutenberg.org /files/17332/17332.txt (22186 words)

	:::► Dictionary of Meaning www.mauspfeil.net ◄:::
		In 1163, Nur ad-Din's most trusted general, Shirkuh set out on a military expedition to the Nile.
		With Shirkuh's troops camped outside of Cairo, Egypt Cairo, Egypt's sultan, Shawar called on King Amalric I of Jerusalem Amalric I of Kingdom of Jerusalem Jerusalem for assistance.
		In an attempt to divert Kingdom of Jerusalem Crusader attention from Egypt, Nur ad-Din attacked Principality of Antioch Antioch, resulting in a massacre of Christian soldiers and the capture of several Crusader leaders, including Raynald of Chatillon Raynald of Châtillon, Prince of Antioch.
	www.mauspfeil.net /Third_Crusade.html (2074 words)

	Saudi Aramco World : Sultan of Egypt and Syria (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Nur al-Din's three expeditions to Egypt between 1164 and 1168 were commanded by Saladin's uncle Shirkuh, with Saladin going along as one of his lieutenants.
		Saladin now had the reputation of a young man of promise, but it was at this point that chance intervened, in the form of three advantageous deaths, to greatly widen the stage for his ambitions.
		First, Shirkuh died, and Saladin was chosen to succeed him as vizier.
	www.saudiaramcoworld.com /issue/199602/sultan.of.egypt.and.syria.htm (2975 words)

	THE CRUSADES TO THE HOLY LAND
		Shirkuh became vizir of Egypt, the secular head of government under the Shiite Caliph.
		Shirkuh died shortly thereafter in 1169, leaving his 31 year-old nephew Saladin as vizir of Egypt.
		Saladin was a Sunni muslim in the predominantly Shiite land of Egypt.
	www.jesuschristsavior.net /Crusades.html (5711 words)

	Worldroots.com
		Shirkuh took with him his newphew, Salah ed-Din, who would become
		It took Shirkuh only a month to succeed as his main
		Shawar not only ordered Shirkuh to leave but refused to regard himself
	worldroots.com /brigitte/royal/bio/amalricanjoubio1136.html (514 words)

	Saladin - Salah al-Din Yusuf bin Ayub \| The Knights Templar \| templarhistory.com
		In 1169 Saladin served with another uncle named Shirkuh as second to the commander in chief of the Syrian army.
		Shirkuh died only two months after Saladin received his new position.
		Despite his humble position and due to the fact that he held little regard for the Fatimid ruler of Cairo, Saladin turned Egypt into an Ayyubid powerhouse.
	www.templarhistory.com /saladin.html (425 words)

	Saudi Aramco World : Fortress of the Mountain (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Later the Crusaders attacked Alexandria, and Shirkuh and Saladin were called back to deal with them again.
		This time Shirkuh and Saladin stayed on in Cairo, and the Fatimid caliph made Shirkuh his vizier.
		But within two months, the elderly Shirkuh died, and the caliph chose young Saladin to succeed his uncle.
	www.saudiaramcoworld.com /issue/199302/fortress.of.the.mountain.htm (4538 words)

	ZoomInfo Web Summary: Najm Ayub (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Between 1157 and 1161, Saladin's father and his uncle Shirkuh led three caravans to Mecca; the pilgrimage to Mecca is a binding obligation on a pious Moslem, yet Saladin did not take the opportunity to accompany them, even on the last occasion when Nur ad-Din was one of the party.
		Egypt appealed to Nur ad-Din for help, and after some hesitation he sent an army under his trusted lieutenant Shirkuh, who was accompanied by his nephew Saladin.
		Within months of seizing power, in March 1169, Shirkuh died - allegedly of overeating - and was succeeded by his nephew Saladin.
	www.zoominfo.com /directory/Ayub_Najm_630291259.htm (964 words)

	Barony Of Vatavia, Protector of the Faith
		The Fatimid was a schismatic Islamic sect, which was on the edge of collapse, and open prey.
		In 1169 Shirkuh had won out, assassinated the last Egyptian vizier, and assumed control.
		A two months later Shirkuh died, leaving everything to a nephew he had brought along: Saladin.
	www.baronyofvatavia.org /articles/hisfig/saladin021983as17.php (1983 words)

	Outremer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		He was there only a short time when word came that the Syrians were coming.
		Shawar had decided to invite Shirkuh into Egypt.
		By the end of March, Shirkuh himself had died.
	crusades.boisestate.edu /Outremer/21.shtml (347 words)

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