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Topic: Shogun of Japan

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	Japan Glossary - Shogun
		Title given to the military rulers of Japan between from the 1192 century to 1867.
		Hereditary shoguns effectively controlled Japan - although always receiving formal authority from the emperor - during six and a half centuries.
		Japan's Shogunates were the Kamakura Shogunate (1192-1333), established by Minamoto no Yoritomo, but ruled by the Hojo clan after his death, the Ashikaga Shogunate (1338-1597), based in Kyoto and ruled by the family of the same name, and the Tokugawa Shogunate (1600-1867), based in Edo and ruled by Tokugawa Ieyasu and his descendant.
	www.jref.com /glossary/shogun.shtml (161 words)

	shogun on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The shogunate as a military administrative system was established by Yoritomo after 1185 and was known as the Bakufu [literally, army headquarters].
		The shogunate was held in turn by the Minamoto family and their successors, with their capital at Kamakura (1192-1333); the Ashikaga, with their capital at Kyoto (1338-1597); and the Tokugawa, with their capital at Yedo (Tokyo) after 1603.
		The overthrow of the shogun in 1867 brought the Meiji restoration and the beginning of modern Japan.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/s1/shogun.asp (470 words)

	MSN Encarta - Japan
		Japan is sometimes referred to in English as the “land of the rising sun.” Tokyo is the country’s capital and largest city.
		Japan is a major economic power, and average income levels and standards of living are among the highest in the world.
		Japan entered the 19th century with a prosperous economy and a strong tradition of centralized rule, but it was isolated from the rest of the world and far behind Western nations in technology and military power.
	encarta.msn.com /encnet/refpages/RefArticle.aspx?refid=761566679 (1303 words)

	Shogun - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		At the launch of the Kamakura shogunate, the shogun seized power from the Imperial Court in Kyoto, becoming the practical ruler of Japan until the Meiji Restoration.
		From this point in history, all shogun that headed shogunates were by tradition descendants of the Minamoto princes, the sons of Emperor Seiwa, and the title passed generation to generation to the eldest sons.
		The shoguns also took lovers from among the ranks of the samurai, a practice known as shudo, "the way of the young", or nanshoku, "male color".
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Shogun (864 words)

	Shogun Art-providing the finest in antique Japanese Fine Art and Samurai Armor
		The Ainu still exist today, mostly in the northernmost islands of Japan called "Hokkaido." The next major Japanese cultural changed occured about 200 B.C. The people were known as "Yayoi." The Yayoi were mostly farmers.
		The chiefs were the ancestors of Japan's imperial family.
		Legend says that Emperor Keiko was the first person with the title of "Shogun." The word meant "Barbarian-subduing General." Legend continues that Keiko had a son named "Prince Yamato." He was cunning, fearless, strong and a great martial artist.
	www.shogunart.com /history.html (793 words)

	Shogun - Simple English Wikipedia
		Shogun was not the king nor the emperor but given this rank by Tenno, Japanese emperor.
		In earlier time Shogun were generals of emperors and not the ruler of Japan.
		Since then Shogun was thought the leader of all samurai and the leader of Japan in fact.
	simple.wikipedia.org /wiki/Shogun (247 words)

	The Shogun Age
		The first supreme shogun of Japan was Minamoto Yoritomo, who was so recognized by Emperor Go-Toba in A.D. By the time the Tokugawa family came to prominence, the shogunate had collapsed and the nation had endured a century of warring states.
		The earliest religion in Japan was Shinto, or “The Way of the Spirits,” which holds that almost everything in nature possesses a spirit and that man is to live in harmony with nature.
		The Shogun Age was a major exhibition from the Tokugawa Art Museum, Japan, the first traveling exhibition to be displayed in the new Dallas Museum of Art.
	www.humanities-interactive.org /medieval/shogun/essay.html (1186 words)

	Embassy of Japan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		This was the first government in Japan to be run by the samurai class (bakufu), and the emperors of Japan remained in the background, until Emperor Godaigo defeated the Kamakura Bakufu and recovered imperial rule in 1333.
		Japan also achieved rapid economic growth during WW I. This was partly due to the expansion of Japanese exports to the colonies of European countries.
		Japan was occupied by the U.S. from 1945 to 1952.
	www.us.emb-japan.go.jp /english/html/faq/02/history.htm (2387 words)

	PlanetPapers - The Shogun Dynasty
		The Shoguns were a type of warlords that governed providences and states as a type of Japanese check and balance of the 16th century.
		The Kamakura military leader ruled as a shogun, or "supreme general." Evidently, the job of the bakufu was simply military administration; in reality, the shoguns and their "tent" government eventually came to run the country.
		The Heiji War, then, marks the beginning of "feudal Japan", for the relationship of various provincial generals and lords to the shogun was the relationship of vassals to a lord.
	www.planetpapers.com /Assets/2777.php (919 words)

	Japan: Memoirs of a Secret Empire . Timeline - 1600s \| PBS
		Japan's first visitor from England, William Adams was a pilot on the Liefde, a Dutch vessel that shipwrecked off southern Japan.
		Japan's second shogun was Ieyasu's third son, Hidetada, a military general who fought in the sieges of Osaka Castle and skirmishes leading up to the Battle of Sekigahara.
		Hidetada was officially appointed as shogun in 1605, guaranteeing shogunal succession in the Tokugawa family at a time when Japan's emperor had not fully recognized dynastic claims.
	www.pbs.org /empires/japan/timeline_1600.html (1667 words)

	MSN Encarta - Search Results - Shogun
		Shogun, title of the military dictators who ruled Japan almost continuously from 1192 to 1867.
		The term, which is a contraction of seii tai shogun...
		In 1192, after Yoritomo’s forces subdued a powerful branch of the Fujiwara family based in northern Honshū, the imperial court granted Yoritomo the...
	ca.encarta.msn.com /Shogun.html (77 words)

	Discover Japan
		Japan a country in eastern Asia that occupies a chain of islands in the Pacific Ocean roughly parallel with the eastern coast of the Asiatic mainland; pop.
		Japan comprises the four main islands of Honshu, Hokkaido, Kyushu, and Shikoku, in addition to numerous smaller islands.
		Japan is sometimes referred to in English as the “land of the rising sun.” Tokyo is the country’s capital and largest city.
	www.japandiscovery.com (320 words)

	Japan: Memoirs of a Secret Empire . Timeline - 1800s \| PBS
		Shogun Ienari issued Gaikokusen Uchiharai Rei, an order for repelling foreign ships and a reaffirmation of the National Seclusion policy enacted by Tokugawa Iemitsu in 1639.
		His father, Tokugawa Nariaki, was an advisor to an earlier shogun and arranged to have Yoshinobu (then known as Keiki) adopted into a branch of the Tokugawa family in line for shogunal succession.
		Lasting until 1912, the Meiji Restoration, heavily influenced by Japan's opening to Europe and the United States, saw the decline of the samurai warrior class and Japan's emergence into the modern era.
	www.pbs.org /empires/japan/timeline_1800.html (657 words)

	Discover Japan: Shogun
		By the 1100's in Japan, two large military clans-the Taira and the Minamoto-had armies of samurai under their command.
		In 1192, the head of this military government, Yoritomo, was given the title of shogun, a special, high-ranking military post granted by the emperor.
		In this way, the shogun began to influence both areas of power in Japan-the imperial government and the private estates.
	www.japandiscovery.com /history/shogun/index.html (169 words)

	Japan
		Japan delivered a stunning blow to Russia by sinking the Russian fleet in the Sea of Japan.
		Japan's desire to rebuild her army and navy beyond the limits imposed at the end of World War II.
		Japan's World War II policy of forcing their enemies' women to serve as sex slaves for Japanese troops.
	school.discovery.com /quizzes16/raiforngr/Japan.html (747 words)

	A Book of Five Rings - Japan during Musashi's lifetime
		He became the Shogun, or military dictator, and for nine years succeeded in gaining control of almost the whole of the country.
		Within a few years of this revival the fierce Ainu, the aboriginal inhabitants of Japan who had until then confounded the army's attempts to move them from their wild lodgings, were driven far off to the northern island, Hokkaido.
		The education of the sons of the Tokugawa Shoguns was by means of schooling in the Chinese classics and fencing exercises.
	www.samurai.com /5rings/transintro/japan.html (1192 words)

	Commodore Perry arrives in Japan 1853 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Japan's nominal ruler was an emperor (the Mikado) residing with his court nobles at Kyoto, but the real power in Japan at this time was exercised by the shogun, a military dictator residing at Yedo (now Tokyo), who was supported in power by an elite warrior class, known as samurai and numbering about two million.
		The main form of social organisation in Japan at this time was feudalism, a system in which landholders receive and hold their lands from a person of superior status in return for allegiance and performance of services.
		In Japan at this time, the person of superior status was the shogun or his provincial clan lords, called daimyo.
	www.users.bigpond.com /battleforaustralia/foundationJapmilaggro/PerryArrives.html (373 words)

	shogun -- Britannica Concise Encyclopedia - The online encyclopedia you can trust!
		Since the title of shogun ultimately came from the emperor, he became a rallying point for those who brought down the shogunate in the Meiji Restoration.
		Shoguns were military dictators who governed in the name of, and instead of, the emperors (see Shogunate).
		The word shogun means general.”; The term used in Japan to describe their rule is bakufu, which literally means “tent government” and suggests the field headquarters of a general while on campaign.
	www.britannica.com /ebc/article-9378543?tocId=9378543 (811 words)

	shogun (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The title Shogun is a derivative of Sei-i-tai-shogun, which literally translates as "Great Barbarian Subduing General" and was first used around the sixth century to designate generals sent to subdue caucasian Ainu tribes inhabiting the eastern and northern portions of Honshu.
		By the 1500s, the Ashikaga shoguns, who set up their government in Kyoto, had lost control of the country, bringing on an age of wars between clan leaders fighting for supremacy.
		Western contact with Japan began in earnest in the last half of 1500s, but was to end abruptly in the 1630s when Tokugawa Iemitsu, Ieyasu's grandson, closed the country to outsiders.
	edtech.suhsd.k12.ca.us /inprogress/act/dfickett/japan/shogun.html (532 words)

	GameGenie.com: PC Game Reviews - Shogun: Total War (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		To fill in the gaps, we are presented with Shogun: Total War, which takes place in Japan during times of great conflict, in which many warring factions fought for control of the entire country.
		Shogun’s features run the gamut that has been established as the standard for battle simulations.
		The campaign turn-based mode is viewed from a map of Japan, and you’re left to move and assemble troops and construct buildings.
	www.gamegenie.com /reviews/pc/shoguntotalwar.shtml (979 words)

	Japan Today - Book Kitchen - An American shogun in Japan - Japan's Leading International News Network (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		We need also to be reminded that MacArthur's "magnanimity" toward defeated Japan was poles apart from revengeful public opinion among the other victor nations and the initial hatred back in the United States for the attack on Pearl Harbor and subsequent treatment of prisoners of war and internees.
		MacArthur — "born on an Army base and died in an Army hospital" — ought to be better known in contemporary Japan, given the impact of his constitutional, educational and rural reforms.
		Norman was a caucasian born to Canadian missionaries stationed in Japan, and grew up comfortably in both the English and Japanese language and mentality.
	www.japantoday.com /e?content=book&id=202 (1466 words)

	History of Japan
		By the year 794 Japan began to reduce contact with the Asian mainland and this was a time of isolation for Japan.
		Japan was also dealing with an economic struggle from the Great Kanto Earthquake of 1923.
		Japan was able to expand its control over a large territory that expanded to the border of India in the West and New Guinea in the South.
	www.earthyfamily.com /J-history.htm (1404 words)

	SHOGUN: TOTAL WAR (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Feudal Japan is under attack from invading Mongol hordes in the official expansion pack for Shogun: Total War (STW).
		Shogun: Total War stays true to the inspirational writings of the warrior-philosopher Sun Tzu, author of the seminal book on military strategy, "The Art of War".
		The Mongol Invasion Expansion Pack builds upon the excitement of the battles found in Shogun: Total War with the inclusion of Kublai Khan’s invading Mongol hordes that try and conquer Japan in the greatest external threat the Samurai ever faced.
	www.totalwar.com /community/warlord.htm (870 words)

	Shogun: Total War Preview
		Japan, starting from the latter half of the first millenium, became a united country with a centralized government under the rule of its emperors.
		The title of Shogun was hereditary, and thus the rulerships were called shogunates; the last being the Muromachi one which lasted (effectively) from 1338-1477, though it didn't officially end until the latter half of the 16th century.
		While in Europe the kings succeeded in subduing their independent and often rebellious barons and dukes, in Japan the Emperor stayed out of the running so it was up to the daimyos to establish a pecking order.
	firingsquad.com /games/shogunpreview (495 words)

	Korea to 1875 by Sanderson Beck
		When Japan invaded Silla in 399, a Koguryo army of 50,000 came to their neighbor's defense; another Japanese expedition five years later was also turned away.
		Japan had muskets that gave them a military advantage, and within two weeks they had taken the Korean capital.
		Japan released more prisoners, and in 1609 trade was resumed with Tsushima.
	www.san.beck.org /3-10-Koreato1875.html (16754 words)

	Ieyasu Tokugawa
		The shogun granted control of different territories to daimyos (lords), who were usually the shoguns’s friends, family, or loyal generals.
		In this feudal system, peasant farmers were loyal to their daimyo, and the daimyo pledged loyalty and military support to the shogun.
		The shogun was at the top of this class, followed by daimyos, then the regular foot soldiers.
	www.rickriordan.com /background_essay_6.htm (1047 words)

	Cheap flights to Japan with consolidators airfare
		Japan is a modern country with a very rich heritage, and while Japan is one of the most expensive places in the world to live, if well planned, it is possible for budget travelers to have a good holiday in the country as well.
		Japan has more than 2,000 hot springs and a large number of health resorts have sprung up in the proximity of most hot springs, known as Onsens in Japanese, which offers relaxing variations of soaking in hot mineral waters.
		Japan is a country with a beautiful mix of the modern and the mystical.
	www.thaipro.com /flights/cheap-japan-flights.htm (807 words)

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