
	Where results make sense

Topic: Short tandem repeat

Related Topics

Satellite DNA

Minisatellite

Tandem repeats

Microsatellite

Genome

Single nucleotide polymorphism

Horizontal gene transfer

Yucaipa

Telephone area code

Allele

List of DC Thomson publications

Electricity market

Thor (Marvel Comics)

Chromatography

UK telephone numbering plan

In the News (Mon 28 Dec 09)

Northern Trust

Marvin Harrison

Peter Chernin

Gary Locke

Match Play

Penelope Cruz

Mickey Rourke

AR Rahman

Danny Boyle

Hugh Jackman

	[3] Tandem Repeats
		Tandem repeats are an array of consecutive repeats.
		Its repeat unit is 171 bp and the repetitive region accounts for 3-5% of the DNA in each chromosome.
		Microsatellites are also known as short tandem repeats (STR), because a repeat unit consists of only 1 to 6 bp and the whole repetitive region spans less than 150 bp.
	www.web-books.com /MoBio/Free/Ch3G1.htm (332 words)

	Short tandem repeat - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		STR analysis has become the prevalent analysis method for determining genetic profiles in forensic cases.
		STR analysis is a relatively new technology in the field of forensics, having come into popularity in the mid-to-late 1990's.
		Y-STRs (STRs on the Y chromosome) are often used in genealogical DNA testing.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Short_tandem_repeat (518 words)

	[No title]
		STR markers are readily amplified during PCR by using primers that bind in conserved regions of the genome flanking the repeat region.
		Multiplex STR amplification in one or two PCR reactions with fluorescently labeled primers and measurement with gel or capillary electrophoresis separation and laser-induced fluorescence detection is becoming a standard method among forensic laboratories for analysis of the 13 CODIS STR loci.
		STR multiplexes are designed so that expected allele masses between STR systems are offset in a manner that possible microvariants, which are most commonly insertions or deletions of a partial repeat unit, may be distinguished from all other possible alleles.
	www.ncjrs.gov /txtfiles1/nij/188292.txt (16319 words)

	Short Tandem Repeat (STR) Interpretation Guidelines by SWGDAM (Forensic Science Communications, July 2000) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		A laboratory using STR multiplexes that contain redundant loci should establish criteria regarding the concordance of such data.
		Whenever possible, allele designation should be based operationally on the number of repeat sequences contained within the allele and by comparison to an allelic ladder.
		The designation of alleles containing an incomplete repeat motif (i.e., an off-ladder allele falling within the range spanned by the ladder alleles) should include the number of complete repeats and, separated by a decimal point, the number of base pairs in the incomplete repeat (e.g., FGA 18.2 allele).
	www.fbi.gov /hq/lab/fsc/backissu/july2000/strig.htm (945 words)

	Short tandem repeat polymorphism of the D2S1242 locus in a Japanese population Human Biology - Find Articles (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Short tandem repeat polymorphism of the D2S1242 locus in a Japanese population
		The existence of databases for the appropriate populations is a prerequisite for using a locus as a genetic marker in forensic investigations.
		In the present paper, the characteristics of allele structures and the distribution of the D2S1242 STR locus in a Japanese population were examined.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa3659/is_200208/ai_n9105959 (864 words)

	STRBase: A Short Tandem Repeat DNA Internet-Accessible Database
		These STR loci are found on almost every chromosome in the genome and may be amplified using a variety of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers.
		Tetranucleotide repeats have been most popular among forensic scientists due to their fidelity in PCR amplification, although some tri- and pentanucleotide repeats are also in use (1,5).
		Puers, C., Hammond, H.A., Jin, L., Caskey, C.T., and Schumm, J.W. Identification of repeat sequence heterogeneity at the polymorphic short tandem repeat locus HUMTH01[AATG]n and reassignment of alleles in population analysis by using a locus-specific allelic ladder.
	www.promega.com /geneticidproc/ussymp8proc/13.html (2605 words)

	Five cases of forensic short tandem repeat DNA typing (Electrophoresis, C. Schmitt and M. Benecke)
		On the other hand, many short tandem repeats do not show more than 10 alleles in any population [17, 18] which means that the detection of an allele in just one short tandem repeat system in a biological stain cannot be an conclusive proof of identity.
		Short tandem repeats, however, have successfully been used in innumerable cases and their use is widely accepted by both criminal investigators and/or lawyers in Europe [20-29].
		Because of their shortness and low detection limit (often down to 50 pg DNA), short tandem repeats (STRs) are a very good target for DNA typing of forensic specimens.
	www.benecke.com /elpho2.html (3685 words)

	What is a Short Tandem Repeat (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		STRs are short sequences of DNA, normally of length 2-5 base pairs, that are repeated numerous times in a head-tail manner, i.e.
		The polymorphisms in STRs are due to the different number of copies of the repeat element that can occur in a population of individuals.
		The tetrameric repeat sequence of D7S280 is "gata".
	www.biology.arizona.edu /human_bio/activities/blackett2/str_description.html (274 words)

	Extensive Allelic Variation among Francisella tularensis Strains in a Short-Sequence Tandem Repeat Region -- Johansson ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		The 9-bp tandem repeats are indicated by arrows; broken lines indicate sequence heterogeneity of the 9-bp SSTR.
		The direct repeats are located inside an IS element; terminal inverted repeats of the IS element are shown in boldface.
		The 16-bp tandem repeats were located in a noncoding region adjacent to a 14-bp inverted repeat at one end of the putative
	jcm.asm.org /cgi/content/full/39/9/3140 (3907 words)

	Efficiency of Two Different Nine-Loci Short Tandem Repeat Systems for DNA Typing Purposes -- Sacchetti et al. 45 (2): ...
		STR for the attribution and/or exclusion of paternity and for
		Seven parameters calculated for the System-2 STR loci in the southern Italian Caucasian population useful for their application in paternity and forensic tests.
		Allele frequency distributions at several variable number of tandem repeat (VNTR) and short tandem repeat (STR) loci in a restricted Caucasian population from South Italy and their evaluation for paternity and forensic use.
	www.clinchem.org /cgi/content/full/45/2/178 (3065 words)

	Orchid Cellmark: Short Tandem Repeat (STR) Analysis
		These markers are analyzed by public and private forensic laboratories to generate DNA profiles that are submitted to the FBI-managed national DNA database known as the Combined DNA Index System, or CODIS.
		In addition to these markers, there are other STR markers which can be analyzed to further ascertain if DNA from a piece of evidence matches that of the suspect or victim.
		Orchid Cellmark offers STR analysis on a variety of platforms using a variety of kits, all of which are licensed and validated (see sidebar).
	www.orchidcellmark.com /forensic_cs_str.html (263 words)

	Simple Sequence Repeat DNA Length Polymorphisms
		Rather than repeat units in the range of 11 to 60 base pairs in length, these workers suggested that high levels of length polymorphism exist in dinucleotide tandem repeat sequences.
		If the library is composed of relatively short clones, selected clones can be sequenced in their entirety to identify the SSR and determine flanking sequences.
		Edwards, A., Civitello, A., Hammond, H. A., and Caskey, C. typing and genetic mapping with trimeric and tetrameric tandem repeats.
	www.nal.usda.gov /pgdic/Probe/v2n1/simple.html (2119 words)

	Genetic Testing Methodologies
		In the Argentina situation, if a father became one of the disappeared, his sons would all have the same Y chromosome sequence, which would in turn be identical to that of their father (missing), paternal grandfather, and paternal uncles.
		Several different STRs, regions that are highly variable in length from individual to individual, have been located and examined.
		Unlike, Y Chromosome Short Tandem Repeats or mitochondrial DNA analysis which indicates either a match or no match, autosomal short tandem repeats can be used to indicate degree of relatedness.
	www.uni.uiuc.edu /~dstone/dis_genetic_test_methods.html (1819 words)

	Short tandem repeat profiling provides an international reference standard for human cell lines -- Masters et al., ...
		STR profiling is now used routinely to determine family relationships.
		The STR loci used were chosen on the basis of their high degree of heterozygosity.
		STR profiling was evaluated as a simple method for cell line identification suitable for the establishment of reference genotypes.
	www.pnas.org /cgi/content/full/121616198v1 (3862 words)

	Short Tandem Repeat DNA-Internet database. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Tandemly repeated DNA sequences are widespread throughout the human genome and show sufficient variability among individuals in a population that they have become important in several fields including genetic mapping, linkage analysis, and human identity testing.
		The forensic DNA community has moved primarily towards tetranucleotide repeats, which may be amplified using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with greater fidelity than dinucleotide repeats.
		The variety of alleles present in a population is such that a high degree of discrimination among individuals in the population may be obtained when multiple STR loci are examined.
	www.scitechresources.gov /Results/show_result.php?rec=2612 (326 words)

	Background information on STRs (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.tamu.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Discrete alleles from STR systems may be obtained due to their smaller size, which puts them in the size range where DNA fragments differing by a single basepair in size may be differentiated.
		When an allele does not conform to the standard repeat motif of the system in question, it should be designated by the number of complete repeat units and the number of base pairs of the partial repeat.
		This allele is 1 bp shorter than 10 repeat units, due to the loss of an adenine in the 7th repeat unit {30,76}, and is thus designated 9.3.
	www.cstl.nist.gov.cob-web.org:8888 /biotech/strbase/intro.htm (821 words)

	Short Tandem Repeat Polymorphism and Cancer Risk: Influence of Laboratory Analysis on Epidemiologic Findings -- Tran et ...
		Short tandem repeats (STR) are common polymorphisms in the genome.
		STR in cancer is the CAG repeats in the androgen receptor (AR)
		the repeats the lower the transactivation; ref. 1).
	cebp.aacrjournals.org /cgi/content/full/13/12/2133 (4574 words)

	tandem repeat
		tandem repeat Two (or more) contiguous identical DNA sequences.
		The 27-bp tandem repeat polymorphism in intron 4 of the endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene is not associated with coronary artery disease in a hospital...
		In 1999, the short tandem repeat, or STR, method of analyzing DNA became available.
	www.mongabay.com /igapo/biotech/tandem_repeat.html (173 words)

	A Unique Three-Copy Y-STR
		DYF399S1’s nearest known STR neighbors are 3 of the 4 copies of DYS464 located in the “red” amplicon sections r1 r3 and r4.
		The repeat lengths are conjectural as multicopy STRs were not sequenced and so insertions/deletions in the surrounding DNA cannot be ruled out; however all the product sizes differ from each other by multiples of four which is consistent with all the variation being in the long repeat block.
		They both have tetranucleotide repeat motifs arranged in complex sequences comprising short invariant blocks and 1 longer variable block.
	www.jogg.info /11/henson.htm (1716 words)

	Genetic Basis for the Structural Difference between Streptococcus pneumoniae Serotype 15B and 15C Capsular ...
		the serotype and the length of the short tandem repeat in the
		tandem TA repeat in the O-acetyltransferase gene and that the
		Schematic representation of the putative O-acetyltransferase genes, showing the locations of the TA repeats and the variation in the TA repeat length in nine serotype 15B and eight serotype 15C clinical isolates (positions 398 to 463 in the gene).
	iai.asm.org /cgi/content/full/71/11/6192 (4359 words)

	Cancer cell line identification by short tandem repeat profiling: power and limitations -- Parson et al., ...
		Cancer cell lines are used worldwide in biological research, and data interpretation depends on unambiguous attribution of the respective cell line to its original source.
		Short-tandem-repeat (STR) profiling (DNA fingerprinting) is the method of choice for this purpose; however, the genetic stability of cell lines under various experimental conditions is not well defined.
		Similar heterogeneity was observed in subclones generated by selection culture for drug resistance where DNA fingerprinting proved useful in identifying possible resistance mechanisms.
	www.fasebj.org /cgi/content/abstract/04-3062fjev1 (299 words)

	Genotype Profiles for Six Population Groups at the 13 CODIS Short Tandem Repeat Core Loci and Other PCR-Based Loci by ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Quantico, VA Short tandem repeat (STR) loci are highly polymorphic polymerase chain reaction-based (PCR-based) genetic markers for characterizing biological material (1-4).
		In fact, 13 STR loci were selected for use in the Combined DNA Index System (CODIS; 5): CSF1PO, FGA, TH01, TPOX, vWA, D3S1358, D5S818, D7S820, D8S1179, D13S317, D16S539, D18S51, and D21S11.
		Recently, these 13 STR loci were typed in sample populations of African Americans, U.S. Caucasians, Hispanics, Bahamians, Jamaicans, and Trinidadians, and the results of that analysis were published (6).
	www.fbi.gov /programs/lab/fsc/backissu/july1999/budowle.htm (532 words)

	Comparison of short tandem repeat and variable number tandem repeat genetic markers for quantitative determination of ...
		Variable number tandem repeats (VNTRs) were among the first genetic markers used to quantitate bone marrow transplant engraftment.
		Short tandem repeats (STRs) provide an excellent tool for this purpose because of their high degree of polymorphism and relatively short length.
		STR markers were informative in one patient for whom PCR-based VNTR markers were not available.
	www.nature.com /bmt/journal/v29/n3/abs/1703360a.html (331 words)

	Short tandem repeat (STR) haplotypes in HLA: an integrated 50-kb STR/linkage disequilibrium/gene map between the RING3 ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Short tandem repeat (STR) haplotypes in HLA: an integrated 50-kb STR/linkage disequilibrium/gene map between the RING3 and HLA-B genes and identification of STR haplotype diversification in the class III region
		The map was constructed by testing novel and previously reported STRs using a panel of 885 individuals in 211 families and 60 DNA samples from cell lines and bone marrow donors homozygous in the HLA-A, -B and -DR loci selected from over 15 000 entries into the registry of Swedish bone marrow donors.
		We have also analysed the variability of STR alleles/haplotypes on the most prevalent HLA haplotypes to identify STRs useful for fine mapping of disease genes in the region previously implicated in susceptibility to many disorders.
	www.nature.com /ejhg/journal/v9/n8/abs/5200688a.html (413 words)

	Y-Chromosome STRs
		Minisatellites (variable number of tandem repeats, VNTRs) have core repeats with 9-80 bp, while microsatellites (short tandem repeats, STRs) contain 2-5 bp repeats.
		There are literally hundreds of STR systems which have been mapped throughout the human genome.
		In October 1993, the DNA Commission of the International Society of Forensic Haemogenetics (ISFH) recommended the nomenclature for STR systems which is commonly used today.
	www.clanlindsay.com /y-chromosome_short_tandem_repeats.htm (316 words)

	Improved haplotype analysis of human myelin basic protein short tandem repeat loci Human Biology - Find Articles (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Abstract We report an improved haplotype analysis of the human myelin basic protein gene (MBP) short tandem repeat (STR) polymorphism.
		After the MBPC fragments containing MBPA and MBPB were amplified, the linkage of these 2 STR loci was determined by a second amplification, using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique, of the isolated MBPC fragments.
		The short tandem repeat (STR) polymorphism in the myelin basic protein gene (MBP, 18q23-qter) has 2 repetitive tetrameric sequence regions (Boylan et al.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa3659/is_200006/ai_n8889271 (824 words)

Try your search on: Qwika (all wikis)