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Topic: Short-tailed Shearwater

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Shearwater - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia A Manx Shearwater breeding on Copeland Island, Northern Ireland, is currently (2003/2004) the oldest known wild bird in the world: ringed as an adult (at least 5 years old) in July 1953, it was retrapped in July 2003, at least 55 years old. Some small species, like Manx Shearwater are cruciform in flight, with their long wing held directly out from their bodies. Those in Procellaria are usually called 'petrel', though they are thought to be more closely to the shearwaters than to the other petrels. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Shearwaters

The Shearwaters (The Procellariidae) In Australia both adult and chicks of the Short-tailed Shearwater ( Puffinus tenuirostris) or Mutton-birds are taken for food, their down and the oil in their stomachs for many years. The Gadfly Shearwaters are a smallish birds comprising two genera, their is one species in the genus Bulweria Bulwer's Petrel (B. bulwerii), and about 23 in the genus Pterodroma. Shearwaters are believed to have separated off from the rest of the petrels during the late Oligocene. www.earthlife.net /birds/shearwaters.html

::Seabirds:: (Short-tailed Shearwaters) The name "shearwater" is a poetic description of their flight over water- they soar with minimum effort across the ocean surface- the strongest winds and angriest waves seem to only improve their flying. Shearwaters are also a common scavenger species, gathering in frantic swarms around fishing vessel to gorge on their fish discards. Shearwaters look similar to northern fulmars, but are much darker and have thinner, more pointed wings and a generally slimmer appearance. www.absc.usgs.gov /research/seabird_foragefish/seabirds/flash_cards/short_tailed_shearwater.html

Shearwaters :: Animals Australia federation of animal welfare and animal rights Short-tailed Shearwaters are famous for their impressive migratory habits: every northern autumn (Australia's spring), around 23 million of the birds risk death by starvation or exhaustion to fly around 15,000 kilometres from the Arctic region to mate and breed in southern parts of Australia. Declining populations of the short-tailed shearwaters, more commonly known as muttonbirds, continue to be caught and slaughtered inhumanely for their meat, feathers and oil. From late March to late April, the killing of Shearwater chicks is allowed in some areas of Tasmania, including game reserves on New Year Island, Bird Island, Stack Island, Petrel Island and Little Dog Island. www.animalsaustralia.org /default2.asp?IDL1=1272&IDL2=1575

Annotated List of the Seabirds of the World -- Short-tailed Shearwater In Short-tailed Shearwaters, the center of the underwing may be uniform grey/brown or have the white restricted to the middle of the secondary underwing coverts. Hundreds of thousands of Short-tailed Shearwaters (Puffinus tenuirostris) and Sooty Shearwaters (Puffinus griseus) pass through the narrow breaks in the central and eastern Aleutians to reach their feeding and molting grounds in the Bering Sea. On the whole, Short-tailed Shearwaters have faster, neater wing beats and tends not to arch so high off the water. www.oceanwanderers.com /ShorttailShear.html

Shearwaters Shearwaters earned their name by their ability to cut – or shear – the water with their wings, although until recently they were known as 'muttonbirds'. Although shearwaters are usually quiet birds at sea, their breeding grounds become very noisy, full of strange cackling, cooing, wailing or screeching sounds. Shearwaters lay only a single egg, in burrows and rock crevices or, less commonly, under grass, bushes or even in the open. www.nationalparks.nsw.gov.au /npws.nsf/Content/Shearwaters

Birds - Short-tailed shearwater, or muttonbird  The short-tailed shearwater, or mutton bird as it is often known, is a member of a group of 60 medium to large seabirds in the family Procellaridae. Shearwaters are often seen floating in large 'rafts' while feeding off the shores of Tasmania. The common name, shearwater, is an apt reference to their graceful shearing flight moving from centimetres above the water's surface to high in the sky. www.parks.tas.gov.au /wildlife/birds/muttbird.html

Shearwaters Shearwaters, fulmars and petrels are in the same family of birds, and share a characteristic flight pattern -- a series of rapid wingbeats followed by a glide. Formerly called the slender-billed shearwater, the diagnostic marks are the narrow bill and high steep forehead leading to a rounded head. When the sooty shearwater stretched its wings, the light color of the underwing was clearly visible. www.birdingamerica.com /California/pelagic/shearwaters.htm

Pictures Catalogue - Ainslie, Trish. [Frank Willis holding an adult short-tailed shearwater] [picture] / - fullindex.htm test The picture shows an adult regurgitating its stomach contents, a rich mixture of oil and krill, known as gunny, with which the fledglings are fed. The principle difference between the short-tailed and the wedge-tailed shearwaters is that the short-tailed are cold water birds which migrate. He is holding an adult short-tailed shearwater, commonly known as a mutton bird. Wedge-tailed shearwaters nest on warmer northern islands and do not migrate. nla.gov.au /nla.pic-an23479774

Separation of Sooty and Short-tailed Shearwaters Short-tailed Shearwaters really do have shorter tails and their feet extend well past the tail, but this is only a minor supporting mark, as other shearwaters can momentarily position their feet to appear longer than tail. For birders on the west coast of North America, the problem will be picking out a Short-tailed Shearwater from the thousands of Sooties that migrate past our shores, or spotting one swirling around the chum on a pitching boat during a pelagic birding trip. The main movement of Short-tailed Shearwaters past Washington and Oregon is from mid-September into January, or even to May. They peak from late October to early December. www.thebirdguide.com /pelagics/book/id_sosh_stsh.htm

Successful Release Of A Short Tailed Shearwater Each year around ANZAC day, the annual migration of the Short Tailed Shearwaters takes place Thousands of these birds fly from the Great Australian Bight past South Australia and follow the coast around Victoria and then along the eastern seaboard of Australia right on through to the northern hemisphere. Usually ANZAC Day is a wet and windy time and frequently we get a lot of rescued shearwaters who are blown off course and finish up being stranded in the suburbs of Adelaide. This year the weather was really mild so we were surprised that one shearwater did get lost and needed some help. www.faunarescue.org.au /shearwater.html

MSN Encarta - Search View - Rhode Island The principal trees are deciduous, and their leaves take on magnificent fall colors for a short period in October. In some areas, shearwaters, petrels, gannets, and other seabirds have been observed. While 58 percent of Rhode Island is forested, only a few areas possess stands of timber suitable for use as lumber, and the chief value of the forests is for recreation. encarta.msn.com /text_761572815__1/Rhode_Island.html

Annotated List of the Seabirds of the World - Shearwaters In Cory's Shearwater, males are on average 5-7% larger than females and in Streaked Shearwater the ratio is increased to 13%. It is thought that shearwaters first evolved in the North Atlantic and then subsequently colonized the world's oceans reaching the Pacific via the then submerged Isthmus of Panama. Note that the Calonectris shearwaters (Cory's, Cape Verde and Streaked Shearwaters) are considered separate from other shearwaters and are perhaps more closely related to the Procellaria (e.g. www.oceanwanderers.com /ShearwaterList.html

Australian Antarctic Division - Short-tailed shearwater Short-tailed shearwaters migrate every year to the North Pacific Ocean and reach the Arctic Ocean, north of Alaska before returning to their colonies in September. The burrows can be up to 2m long and there is some competition between shearwaters and penguins in some colonies at the start of the breeding season. Shearwaters convert the food for chicks to an oil which has a lower mass than the ingested prey. www-new.aad.gov.au /default.asp?casid=1580

January, 2003 Sharp eyes picked out 2 SHORT-TAILED SHEARWATERS and a KITTIWAKE, though all three of these species were much more common offshore farther. We soon had our first NORTHERN FULMARS of the day and some SHORT-TAILED SHEARWATERS. The SHORT-TAILEDS circled the boat every few minutes, making it seem as if there were more of them than there actually were. www.thebirdguide.com /pelagics/archive/01022005.htm

Shearwater Journeys Trip Summary Shearwater variety and numbers are highest to include a few incoming Short-tailed Shearwaters and Fulmars. There is a mix of Sooty and Short-tailed Shearwaters so this is the optimal time for potentially viewing these close look-alikes side by side. Finally, there is a mix of Sooty and Short-tailed Shearwaters so this is the optimal time for potentially viewing these close look-alikes side by side. www.shearwaterjourneys.com /tripsumm.html

SHEARWATER JOURNEYS 24 January 2004 Trip Report It was here that the SHORT-TAILED SHEARWATERS and many PINK-FOOTED SHEARWATERS flew into the chum of our boat. The highlights of the day were over a thousand RHINOCEROS AUKLETS, knock-out views of an ANCIENT MURRELET, sitting off the bow, 3 FLESH-FOOTED SHEARWATERS, 3 BLACK-FOOTED ALBATROSSES, and 9 species of gulls (including a Ring-billed Gull which was photographed). NORTHERN FULMARS were still plentiful, but shearwaters were very scarce, as they have been since mid-October. www.shearwaterjourneys.com /mb040124.html

Jaime Jahncke Short-tailed shearwaters ( Puffinus tenuirostris) were the most abundant seabird in the coastal waters of the eastern Aleutian Islands; and northern fulmars ( Fulmarus glacialis) were the most abundant seabird in the oceanic waters of the central Aleutian Islands. Our data are consistent with the hypothesis that euphausiids were less available to short-tailed shearwaters foraging over the middle and coastal domains of the southeastern Bering Sea in 1997—1999 than has previously been true. In summer and fall collections, short-tailed shearwater diets were more varied than in spring, and included both fish (age-0 gadids, 21—35% by weight) and a wider variety of euphausiid species (T. inermis and T. www.jjahncke.com /publications/r_peerpub_abstracts.htm

Shearwater Journey Monterey Seabirds All species of seabirds were more numerous on this side of the bay: SOOTY, SHORT-TAILED, PINK-FOOTED, BULLER'S, BLACK-VENTED, and SHORT-TAILED SHEARWATERS were found. The Buller's Shearwaters, in particular, delighted many people in the early morning as they were sitting in flocks for great photo ops. BLACK-VENTED SHEARWATERS, continental shelf dwellers, were along our route. www.shearwaterjourneys.com /021012.html

AusEmade: Short-tailed Shearwater Also referred to as Mutton Birds, the Short-tailed Shearwater is one of a group of 100 medium to large sea birds, with tube-like nostrils on the top of their upper beak. It is estimated that there is approximately 23 million short tailed Shearwaters that breed in about 250-280 colonies around south eastern Australia from September to April. It is difficult to define the Shearwaters migratory path, as they don’t come to shore during the months of the migration, with exhausted and starved birds often found washed up on beaches of Japan, the Aleution Islands, North America and Australia. www.ausemade.com.au /group/f/fauna/shearwater/shearwater.htm

Oceanwings - Albatross Encounters, Kaikoura, New Zealand Fluttering shearwaters are seen off Kaikoura throughout the year, but are seen in number in the winter when most of the local Hutton's shearwaters have departed to Australian waters. Fluttering Shearwaters feed by plunge diving under the water and feed on small sprats which are normally chased close to the surface by larger predatory fish such as kahawai and barracuda. Fluttering shearwaters are very similar to the Hutton’s shearwater, which is far more common in the coastal waters around Kaikoura and the two species are difficult to tell apart. www.oceanwings.co.nz /shearwaters.htm

Flesh-footed Shearwater Identification tips Similarly dark Sooty and Short-tailed Shearwaters have dark bills and feet and faster wingbeats. Shearwaters fly closer to the surface of the water, often disappearing behind swells, alternating flaps with long glides on downcurved wings. Immature gulls are superficially similar but can be separated at great distances by their different flight styles. www.mbr-pwrc.usgs.gov /id/htmid/h0951id.html

DIALOG/DISCCRS Dissertation Abstracts Short-tailed shearwaters were most abundant in the eastern Aleutian Islands, and northern fulmars (Fulmarus glacialis) were most abundant in the central Aleutian Islands. In the second chapter, I examined the hypothesis that foraging short-tailed shearwaters (Puffinus tenuirostris) aggregate at the inner-front of the southeastern Bering Sea to prey on euphausiids that swarm near the surface. In the central Aleutian Islands, Short-tailed shearwaters and northern fulmars consumed oceanic euphausiids and copepods, respectively; in the eastern Aleutian Islands, both seabirds consumed shelf species of euphausiids. www.aslo.org /phd/dialog/200409-7.html

Shearwaters The short-tailed shearwater is the only petrel whose breeding grounds lie solely in Australia. The short-tailed shearwater of Griffiths Island ( Puffinus tenuirostiris - Tasmanian Shearwater) is commonly called the 'mutton bird'. Given the name 'mutton bird' by early settlers of Port Fairy because of its fatty flesh, the shearwater was hunted as a food and oil source. www.port-fairy.com /shearwaters.htm

Seabirds 3, Petrels, shearwaters,mollymawk, skua, prion A small petrel which arrives here in the warmest months, plumage is similar to Bullers shearwater with a black W across the wings and back. Nesting is in burrows on islands from the Three Kings to the sub-antarctic, eggs are laid in October with the young flying in February. They are a strong fast flier that rarely approaches a boat, they are the predominant dark petrel here in winter, they then start to move south in spring with a few present through summer. www.charterfishing.co.nz /seabirds3.html

Plants And Animals - Seabirds This is due to the 1.3 million migratory Short-tailed Shearwaters (or Muttonbirds) and White-faced Storm-Petrels which nest in burrows on islands primarily in this western part of the State. Excluding the migratory Short-tailed Shearwaters and White-faced Storm-Petrels, the gulfs account for about 45% of the 286 - 315 colonies and 60% of the 113,000 to 193,000 breeding pairs of resident (as opposed to migratory) seabird species. The shearwaters occur mainly off the west coast of Eyre Peninsula, the storm-petrels mainly in southern Spencer Gulf. www.environment.sa.gov.au /biodiversity/seabirds.html

Emu Bibliography Thus, the only precise and functionally relevant classification of avian hair-cell types (tall hair cells versus short hair cells) must be based on whether the hair cells have an afferent innervation or not. The differentiation of the evolutionarily-new short-hair-cell type is apparently essential in the high-frequency area of the papilla. KL1+ Short discussion on each of the products - feathers, meat, leather, oil and eggs. duke.usask.ca /~ladd/rat_emus.htm

Bird of the Month: December 2001 Short-tailed Shearwaters nest in great numbers in southeast Australia and in Tasmania from September to May. At this season few are seen along the coast of North America. In a stiff breeze, Short-tailed Shearwaters exhibit less ‘wind-sureness’ than Sooties, flipping about sharply and generally appearing to be somewhat more lightly-built. Opposite the coast of the Redwood Region, Short-tailed Shearwaters are known to occur from September into January. www.northcoast.com /rras/artdec01b.htm

Voyage through the Aleutians - Part 2 Again we saw immense numbers of Short-tailed Shearwaters (in the 100,000's) and the churning water was covered by huge rafts of Tufted Puffins (many thousands) mixed with smaller numbers of Crested Auklets and Ancient Murrelets. Huge numbers of alcids and Short-tailed Shearwaters are attracted to these turbulent waters. Amongst the alcids we also found a dense feeding flock of several thousand Short-tailed Shearwaters and were able to slowly drift right into the frenzy. www.oceanwanderers.com /Aleut.2.html

El Nino blamed for Alaska bird deaths In 1983, a previous El Nino year, hundreds of thousands of short-tailed shearwaters and black-legged kittiwakes were found dead in western Alaska, Mendenhall said. Species most affected were short-tailed shearwaters, black-legged kittiwakes and murres. The total number of dead birds was difficult to determine, she said. members.aol.com /cmwwrc/marmamnews/97102113.html

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