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Topic: Shortleaf Pine

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	TPWD:Pineywoods Wildlife Management
		This area was generally bordered by the Red River to the north, the Louisiana border to the east, Hopkins county to the west, and Angelina and Houston counties to the south.
		The area was bordered by the shortleaf pine area to the north and extended southwestward to the Trinity River, where the overlapping area of shortleaf and loblolly pine formed its western boundary.
		The loblolly pine forest was estimated to occupy an area of approximately 7,000 square miles and was located to the west and south of the longleaf region.
	www.tpwd.state.tx.us /landwater/land/habitats/pineywood (1385 words)

	Shortleaf Pine (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		All pines with 2 to 3 needles are called yellow pines while all pines with 5 needles in a bunch are call white pines.
		Shortleaf pines is one of the very few pines that sprout.
		Shortleaf pine is a resin or pitch-forming tree.
	www.conservation.state.mo.us /nathis/plantpage/flora/motrees/p5.htm (533 words)

	Shortleaf Pine - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Shortleaf Pine (Pinus echinata) is a common pine found in the eastern United States from southern New York south to northern Florida, west to the extreme southeast of Kansas, and southwest to eastern Texas.
		This pine is a source of wood pulp, plywood veneer, and lumber for a variety of uses.
		The Shortleaf Pine is one of the southern US "yellow" pines; it is also occasionally called Southern Yellow pine or the Shortstraw Pine.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Shortleaf_Pine (200 words)

	Shortleaf Pine or Yellow Pine - Plant of the Week
		The shortleaf pine is a big tree with an extensive native range in the southeastern states, ranging as far north as the Ohio River valley and as far west as the Great Plains.
		The flexible, bluish-green shortleaf pine needles are three to four inches long and produced in bundles of two or three.
		The virgin shortleaf pine forests of Arkansas beckoned.
	www.arhomeandgarden.org /plantoftheweek/articles/Shortleaf_Pine.htm (529 words)

	Encyclopedia: Pine tree (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		Pines are coniferous trees of the genus Pinus, in the family Pinaceae.
		Pines are mostly monoecious, having the male and female cones on the same tree, though a few species are sub-dioecious with individuals predominantly, but not wholly, single-sex.
		Pines are commercially among the most important of species used for timber in temperate and tropical regions of the world.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/pine-tree (1163 words)

	Shortleaf Pine
		SHORTLEAF PINE, the only native pine in Missouri, is easy to pick out at a distance in the winter when hardwood trees are bare.
		All pines with 2 to 3 needles are called yellow pines while all pines with 5 needles in a bunch are call white pines.
		Shortleaf pines is one of the very few pines that sprout.
	mdc.mo.gov /nathis/plantpage/flora/motrees/p5.htm (491 words)

	WildWNC.org : Trees : Shortleaf Pine (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		Shortleaf pine grows in a fairly humid region but is the least exacting of the southern pines as to temperature and moisture (18).
		Shortleaf pine seedlings may also be established by direct seeding, the success of which depends on suitability of sites and seedbeds, protection of seeds from birds and rodents, amount of seeds and timing of sowing, and control of competition.
		Shortleaf pine is sometimes planted as an evergreen ornamental and as a screen in urban areas.
	www.wildwnc.org /trees/Pinus_echinata.html (6375 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		Shortleaf pine, also known as rosemary pine, yellow pine and old-field pine, is widely distributed throughout the South.
		Shortleaf pine needles are 3 to 5 inches long, slender, flexible, dark green and grow in clusters of two or three.
		Mature shortleaf pine bark is broken into irregularly shaped plates that are covered with thin, reddish scales -- often thinner and lighter-colored than that of old loblolly pine.
	www.ibiblio.org /botnet/pocketmanual/Shortleaf%20Pine.htm (273 words)

	pinus echinata english
		Shortleaf pine is one of the southern pines.
		Distribution: Shortleaf pine is native to extreme southeastern New York and New Jersey west to Pennsylvania, southern Ohio, eastern Kentucky, southern Illinois and southern Missouri south to eastern Oklahoma and eastern Texas east to northern Florida and Georgia.
		Uses: The denser and higher strength southern pine is used extensively in construction of factories, warehouses, bridges, trestles, and docks in the form of stringers, and for roof trusses, beams, posts, joists, and piles.
	www2.fpl.fs.fed.us /TechSheets/SoftwoodNA/htmlDocs/pinusechinata.html (556 words)

	Landowner Fact Sheets - shortleaf pine
		Shortleaf pine is an important commercial timber tree of the U.S. southeast.
		Shortleaf pine needles are 3 to 5 inches long, occuring in bundles of 2 or 3.
		Shortleaf pine is shade intolerant.
	www.cnr.vt.edu /dendro/LandownerFactsheets/detail.cfm?Genus=Pinus&Species=echinata (170 words)

	Silviculture, Student Paper 1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		Because of this, shortleaf pine is the most commonly regenerated pine in the northern and western parts of its range where the site conditions are not as ideal as in the southern part of its range.
		Shortleaf pine is the most tolerant of all the southern pines in terms of its temperature, moisture, and soil requirements.
		Shortleaf pine seedlings are generally grown one season in a bare root nursery (0-1 seedlings).
	www.agcomm.iastate.edu /HAL96/hal196.sp1.html (3637 words)

	SHORTLEAF PINE
		The average temperature throughout the shortleaf range is between 9 and 21 degrees Celsius from the northern region to the southern region respectfully (Lawson 1990).
		Shortleaf's ability to grow in such a large range is partly due to the ability of this species to adapt and grow in a variety of soil conditions.
		Shortleaf seedlings are susceptible to damping off and root rot (caused by several fungi), and several forms of needle rusts are capable of attacking seedlings (Hepting 1971).
	www.forestry.auburn.edu /sfnmc/class/sp.html (1106 words)

	Common Pines of Florida (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		Sand pine (Figure 1) occurs on both the Atlantic and Gulf coastal sand dunes as far south as Dade County on the east coast and Lee county on the west coast.
		Shortleaf pine (Figure 2) is found in natural stands in northern Florida from the Aucilla River westward to Okaloosa County.
		Loblolly pine (Figure 8) is common from Orange County in the central peninsula northward, except on wet ground or in sand pine scrub areas.
	edis.ifas.ufl.edu /FR003 (2560 words)

	Pine
		Pines are monoecious: having male and female cones on the same tree.
		Pines are native to most of North America, ranging from the Arctic to Mexico and Nicaragua and the West Indies.
		Monterey Pine (Pinus radiata) and other common pine species are often grown commercially as a source of wood pulp for papermaking.
	www.backyardagora.com /glossary/pine.htm (405 words)

	Shortleaf pine -- Britannica Student Encyclopedia
		The county is forested primarily with oak, hickory, and shortleaf pine.
		Pine trees are a major source of timber and their wood is used for a variety of construction purposes.
		The chief commercial coniferous trees are loblolly and shortleaf pine, with a mixture of various hardwood species, in the southwest, shortleaf pine and hardwoods in the Ozarks and...
	www.britannica.com /ebi/article-9336447?tocId=9336447 (871 words)

	shortleaf pine
		One of the four most important southern pines, shortleaf has the widest geographic range of any of its counterparts, and is second only to loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) in standing timber volume.
		Shortleaf's expansive success can be attributed to its ability to grow on a wide range of soil and site conditions.
		Shortleaf is one of the few pines that can sprout from the root collar if the stem is damaged or killed by fire or other injuries, but only until age 8 to 12 years.
	www2.ncsu.edu /unity/lockers/project/dendrology/index/plantae/vascular/seedplants/gymnosperms/conifers/pine/pinus/australes/shortleaf/habitat.html (233 words)

	Pinus taeda
		Death of old-growth loblolly pine is primarily from the southern pine beetle.
		Loblolly pine grows rapidly, and is 90 to 110 feet (27-34 m) tall and 24 to 30 inches (61-76 cm) in diameter at maturity.
		To avoid crown scorch, loblolly pine should be 10 to 15 years old, 15 to 20 feet (4.6-6.1 m) tall, and have a bark thickness of 0.3 to 0.4 inch (0.8-1.0 cm) before being burned for the first time [2,7,41,37,59,65].
	www.fs.fed.us /database/feis/plants/tree/pintae/all.html (5378 words)

	Landowner Fact Sheets - shortleaf pine
		Shortleaf pine is an important commercial timber tree of the U.S. southeast.
		It is the least exacting of the the southern yellow pines regarding temperature and moisture.
		Shortleaf pine needles are 3 to 5 inches long, occuring in bundles of 2 or 3.
	www.fw.vt.edu /DENDRO/landownerfactsheets/detail.cfm?genus=Pinus&species=echinata (170 words)

	[No title]
		Sand pine occurs on both the Atlantic and Gulf coastal sand dunes as far south as Dade County on the east coast and Lee County on the west coast.
		Shortleaf pine is found in natural stands in northern Florida from the Aucilla River westward to Okaloosa county.
		Loblolly pine is common from Orange County in the central peninsula northward, except on wet ground or in sand pine scrub areas.
	www.sfrc.ufl.edu /Extension/pubtxt/for21.htm (2338 words)

	History of Southern Pine Ecosystems (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		Shortleaf pine was prevalent outside the range of longleaf, especially on dry slopes and ridges in the Interior Highlands and Oklahoma, and has declined considerably.
		Original pine forests were old, open, contained a two-layered structure of canopy and diverse grass and forb groundcover, and were dominated by longleaf in the coastal plain, longleaf/shortleaf/loblolly in the Piedmont and interior highlands, and slash pine in south Florida.
		Pine woodlands were logged for lumber and conversion to agricultural fields.
	www.fws.gov /rcwrecovery/ecosystem.htm (1339 words)

	Shortleaf Pine, UA Fort Smith Arboretum, UA Fort Smith
		Shortleaf pines are an important tree to the commercial forest lumber industry but also makes a nice landscape specimen.
		The habitat for Shortleaf pine is harsh sites like shallow rocky slopes, soils of floodplains, and recently disturbed lands which mimic compacted urban soils.
		Nantucket pine-tip moth, southern pine beetle and littleleaf disease.
	www.uafortsmith.edu /Arboretum/ShortleafPine (255 words)

	Shortleaf Pine
		Second most common pine species in the Pine Barrens, particularly in dry, sandy soils. Needles in bunches of twos or threes on the same tree, and usually untwisted.
		Twigs are whitened. Not as able to recover from fires as well as is pitch pine.
		Cones are 4-8 cm long and weakly prickled. Tree tends to be straighter and less scraggly in appearance than pitch pine. Photographed in Georgian Court University Arboretum.
	www.georgian.edu /pinebarrens/shortlea.htm (79 words)

	TreeWeb: Species Guide, Pinaceae
		Shortleaf pine is moderately intolerant, but seedlings can persist in considerable shade, and will grow quickly when released.
		Shortleaf pine is resistant to fusiform rust, but susceptible to the remainder, with littleleaf disease posing the greatest threat.
		Pitch pine is moderately resistant to fire, but fire is both a principle agent of pitch pine mortality and the principle creator of new niches for pitch pine regeneration.
	www.uky.edu /Projects/TreeWeb/species/pina1.htm (2415 words)

	EPA: Federal Register: Pineknot Shortleaf Pine Restoration Project, Mark Twain National Forest, Carter County, MO
		The primary purpose of this project is restoration of a large landscape (around 10,000-acre) of native shortleaf pine community in the Ozarks of southern Missouri.
		Although shortleaf pine is at the northern edge of its range in the southern Missouri Ozarks, it actually achieves its optimum growth rate here.
		And while shortleaf pine occurs as a co- dominant in other areas of the country, it is the only native pine species in the Missouri Ozarks and the dominant member of the pine community.
	www.epa.gov /fedrgstr/EPA-IMPACT/2001/May/Day-08/i11445.htm (1777 words)

	Loblolly-Shortleaf Pine Forest Association
		The loblolly-shortleaf pine forest association is found primarily on the Coastal Plain in Maryland.
		Openings in the canopy from natural disturbances, such as mortality from southern pine beetles, encourage hardwood species to dominate openings.
		Pine reproduction rarely becomes established unless planned treatments or natural disturbances, such as severe fires, create large openings and eliminate hardwood trees in the understory.
	www.dnr.state.md.us /forests/healthreport/lspa.html (217 words)

	Re: Pine hybrids and pollen? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		Frequency of natural hybridization of shortleaf and loblolly pines in East Texas as determined by morphological characteristics.
		Infection of artificially inoculated shortleaf pine hybrids with fusiform rust.
		Shortleaf x slash pine hybrids outperform parents in parts of the south.
	www.metla.fi /archive/forest/1996/05/msg00124.html (2035 words)

	Floridata: Pinus echinata
		The most widely distributed southern pine, Shortleaf is a large evergreen tree attaining heights of 80 to 100 feet and diameters of 1 Â½ to 3 feet.
		Shortleaf pine is native to the eastern United States from New Jersey south to north Florida then west to southern Missouri eastern Oklahoma and southeast Texas.
		It is one of the few pines that has the ability to sprout from the root collar if damaged as a juvenile.
	www.floridata.com /ref/P/pinu_ech.cfm (262 words)

	Loblolly Versus Shortleaf
		In forestry school, I was taught that care should be exercised in planting southern pines outside of their native range because of potential for ice storm damage.
		This was particularly the case for loblolly pine when compared to shortleaf or Virginia pine.
		When we walked into the selective cut shortleaf stand, we were astonished to find very little (less than 5%) of the trees had significant damage.
	www.alabamaforestowners.com /CILive/CI0107_a.htm (1065 words)

	Shortleaf Pine-Bluestem Habitat Restoration in the Interior Highlands: Implications for Stand Growth and Regeneration
		A study was installed in the spring of 2000 to evaluate shortleaf pine regeneration and overstory stand growth under treatment.
		At this point in the study, there is no difference in milacre stocking of pines related to number of growing seasons after burning.
		Shortleaf Pine-Bluestem Habitat Restoration in the Interior Highlands: Implications for Stand Growth and Regeneration In: Shepperd, Wayne D.; Eskew, Lane G., compilers.
	treesearch.fs.fed.us /pubs/viewpub.jsp?index=7225 (400 words)

	Loblolly pine
		Loblolly pine, also called Arkansas pine, North Carolina pine, or oldfield pine, is the most important commercial timber in the southeastern United States.
		Loblolly pine is a large evergreen tree that reaches heights of 90' to 110'.
		The fruits of loblolly pine are dark brown, oblong to cylindrical cones, about 3" to 6" long, sessile, and persistent on the trees for several seasons.
	www.sfrc.ufl.edu /4h/Loblolly_pine/loblpine.htm (479 words)

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