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	New insights into Shostakovich - The Boston Globe
		Dmitri Shostakovich's music will never be disentangled from the tragic times in which he lived, nor should it be, but we may finally be ready to move past the vitriolic...
		What will be left after the Shostakovich Wars have faded is the story of a composer, brilliant and flawed, at once emblematic and extraordinary; and a body of work that seems more and more essential to the repertory of today.
		Certainly the ongoing Shostakovich centenary celebrations have brought renewed attention to the twin pillars of his work: the 15 symphonies and the 15 string quartets.
	www.boston.com /ae/music/cd_reviews/articles/2006/11/19/new_insights_into_shostakovich (519 words)

	Shostakovich
		Shostakovich later recalled that his uncommon musical memory encouraged him to engage in deception, at least until he was caught in the act.
		Shostakovich was duly invited over to play for her father, a keen music-lover who was confined to a wheelchair and missed attending concerts.
		Shostakovich was a thin, fine-featured boy, sensitive and quiet, to outward appearances an ordinary child.
	partners.nytimes.com /books/first/f/fay-shostakovich.html (3052 words)

	The Fight for Shostakovich
		Shostakovich had, in the words of his close friend Mstislav Rostropovich, recorded a secret history of Soviet tyranny in his 15 symphonies and an account of his private torments in 15 string quartets.
		His riposte to their denigrations is a study of Shostakovich and Stalin, newly published by Little Brown, which extends the composer’s anti-communism to the very dawn of his creative life.
		Shostakovich presented himself next morning at the Big House in Leningrad and waited all day in a corridor – only to be told that his interrogator had himself been arrested and he was free to leave.
	www.scena.org /columns/lebrecht/040324-NL-shostakovich.html (1108 words)

	London Shostakovich Orchestra - Peter Laki article
		Shostakovich was brutally attacked by a Pravda editorial `Sumbur vmesto muziky' (Muddle instead of music) for his opera Lady Macbeth of the Mtsensk District (one suspects, more because of the overt sexuality depicted in the opera than because of the music itself); 1937 (the very next year).
		The tragedy is that by the time Shostakovich had reached a point where his universal status was no longer disputed, he had another enemy to contend with, one more merciless than politicians: his serious illness, which had an inevitable impact on his late music.
		Shostakovich no doubt accepted certain central tenets of the Communist ideology: first of all that the formerly disenfranchised, poor masses had to be given economic, political and cultural power.
	www.shostakovich.com /article1.html (1839 words)

	Contra Costa Wind Symphony: Dmitri Shostakovich
		Shostakovich was a child prodigy as both a pianist and composer.
		The restrictions on Shostakovich’s music and living arrangements were eased in 1949, so he could join a delegation of Soviet notables to the U.S. That year he also wrote his cantataSong of the Forests, which praised Stalin as the “great gardener”.
		Shostakovich’s musical response to these personal crises was the Eighth String Quartet, which like the Tenth Symphony incorporates quotations and his musical monogram.
	www.ccwindsymphony.org /Shostakovich.htm (1241 words)

	Dimitri Shostakovich
		Shostakovich composed the Quartet in a three-day period in 1960.
		At the time, the "official" story behind the Quartet was that Shostakovich had been so shocked and distressed upon witnessing the destruction in Dresden that he composed the piece to express his horror of Fascism.
		The piece is dominated by the repeated use of Shostakovich's musical "signature" of D, E flat, C, and B. This recurring motif both binds the piece together and gives it an oppressive, almost inescapable quality.
	www.epitonic.com /artists/dimitrishostakovich.html (577 words)

	Dimitri Shostakovich
		Later, Shostakovich wrote about his first quartet of 1938 that, while composing, he tried to imagine images of his childhood, naive and cheerful atmospheres, that match with Spring.
		In 1979, posthumously, the memoirs of Dimitri Shostakovich (1906-1975) were published by the Russian musicologist Solomon Volkov, who had smuggled the manuscript abroad before he emigrated to the United States in 1976.
		Ian MacDonald's book The New Shostakovich, published in 1990, did not contradict the general message of the memoirs, neither did Shostakovich's letters from the years 1941 to 1971, published in 1995 by Isaak Glikman.
	www.cosmopolis.ch /english/cosmo14/shostakovich.htm (972 words)

	Shostakovich War Symphonies
		One of the most important works of Shostakovich, the Seventh Symphony (the Leningrad Symphony), which was conducted by Valery Gergiev is a tragic expression of the suffering of the victims of fascism: Nazi aggression, as well as Stalinist terror.
		Becoming famous at the age of 20 with the success of his First Symphony in 1926, Shostakovich played a dominant role in the cultural life of Soviet Russia, working in every conceivable field of classical music and producing his art passionately against oppression and human suffering.
		Shostakovich, who devoted himself to what he thought was necessary for the development of his music neither escaped from fighting, nor got involved in polemics at public meetings or in print.
	www.shostakovich.nl /war_symphonies/rotterdam_pictures.html (716 words)

	Dmitri Shostakovich - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Shostakovich died of lung cancer on August 9, 1975 and after a civic funeral was interred in the Novodevichy Cemetery, Moscow.
		Shostakovich's works are broadly tonal and in the Romantic tradition, but with elements of atonality and chromaticism.
		Shostakovich's music shows the influence of many of the composers he most admired: Bach in his fugues and passacaglias; Beethoven in the late quartets; Mahler in the symphonies and Berg in his use of musical codes and quotations.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Dmitri_Shostakovich (4189 words)

	Dmitri Shostakovich - an overview of the classical composer
		Shostakovich withdrew his 4th symphony before its premier for this reason and it wasn't performed until later under more liberal times.
		Some of Shostakovich's work seems to be simply paying his dues as an upright citizen but in many cases, although his music might outwardly be conforming with the party line, there is nevertheless the feeling that he is rebelling against this.
		It is true that Shostakovich like other composers has placed some hidden messages in his music, and it no doubt adds a different perspective to understand what was in the mind of a composer during the creative process, it is far from essential.
	www.mfiles.co.uk /composers/Dmitri-Shostakovich.htm (1115 words)

	The Seattle Times: Arts & Entertainment: Shostakovich's legacy languishes in Estonia
		For decades, Shostakovich was viewed by Russians and the West alike as a mouthpiece for Soviet propaganda.
		Fated to live in an era in which dissident thought and creativity were brutally suppressed, Shostakovich found a way to survive, at times deftly weaving into his music themes that railed against the barbarity of Stalin.
		Moving Shostakovich's archive into a museum where it could be scrutinized by music scholars would put to rest many myths that still cast a pall on his legacy, Mark Matsov says.
	seattletimes.nwsource.com /html/artsentertainment/2003520927_shostakovich12.html (632 words)

	BBC - Radio 3 - Shostakovich Timeline
		After a pause of eight years, Shostakovich returns to the symphonic form and produces his 10th Symphony. It is recognised as a masterpiece both here and abroad.
		Shostakovich develops a heart complaint from which he never fully recovers. He is also troubled by severe arthiritis.
		Shostakovich is elected as an honorary member to the French Academy of Arts and Sciences.
	www.bbc.co.uk /radio3/shostakovich/timeline.shtml (437 words)

	Shostakovich Festival
		Shostakovich’s rare presence -- this was her first ever visit to the West Coast and only her second time in the United States (she and her husband came here in 1973 when he received an honorary doctorate from Northwestern University).
		Shostakovich first met the composer while she was working as an editor for a music publisher (preparing the release of “Moscow Cheryomushki” and the reissue of “Katerina Izmailova”).
		Brown, entitled “Shostakovich: Expropriated and Exploited,” concerned the historical changes of public attitude toward Shostakovich and his music and how those shifts have been brought about by those who would turn his music to their own purposes, be they political, academic or financial.
	www.angelfire.com /music2/davidbundler/shostakovich.html (2833 words)

	Dmitri Shostakovich - Uncyclopedia, the content-free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Shostakovich used a fake ID to enroll in the Odessa Conservatory three years before the legal Russian composition age of 21.
		Shostakovich, son of the wealthy son of rich internet tycoon Al Stalin, dismisses his father's wishes in pursuit of his dream of one day becoming a real live human composer.
		Shostakovich's style during this period combined his previous darkness with the Far Out proto-emo style of Gustav Mahler.
	uncyclopedia.org /wiki/Dmitri_Shostakovich (974 words)

	Shostakovich and His World (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		There is little doubt that Shostakovich suffered intensely in the pursuit of his life as a composer within the constraints of Soviet Russia, above and beyond the predictable internal struggle that may be generic to the creative artist.
		Shostakovich's significance as a composer cannot be reduced to some narrative about the triumph of conservatism and the demise of an avant-garde.
		Although Shostakovich's career as an opera composer was dramatically changed by Stalin's reaction to Lady Macbeth of the Mtsensk District, written when the composer was still a young man, his music for the stage is still some of his best, and reveals indispensable aspects of his genius.
	www.bard.edu /bmf/2004/shostakovich (729 words)

	Shostakovich at 100 : feature
		Since a lot of Shostakovich's reputation exists on hype around his oppression by the Soviet regime, a sobering account such as this is most welcome.
		Of course Shostakovich is much more than the sum of those thirty works, though they do form the backbone of his output.
		The Proms were almost saturated with Shostakovich this year - a couple of symphonies too many perhaps, and a shame that two fine concertos - the second for both cello and violin - were comparatively overlooked by programmers.
	www.musicomh.com /classical_features/shostakovich_0906.htm (1443 words)

	Clarifying a confused debate The legacy of Dmitri Shostakovich
		Shostakovich's extraordinary 15 symphonies and 15 string quartets, many believe, rank him with Beethoven in terms of both the magnitude of the output and its depth and originality.
		The motive of all this appears to be to exonerate Shostakovich posthumously of all charges that he collaborated with the Stalinist regime—to show that he was forced to act as a mouthpiece for the authorities, and also that he was expressing his hostility to them through his music.
		Shostakovich had done something similar in the musical sphere (although he had been obliged to confess, not to fabricated acts of terror, but only to musical sins).
	www.wsws.org /articles/2000/apr2000/shos-a07.shtml (5285 words)

	The year of Shostakovich
		Sure, you know Shostakovich, the Russian composer, born in 1906 just as the repressive Czarist system gave way to communism, and then spent a lifetime falling in and out of favor with the Soviet government, alternately denounced and embraced by dictator Joseph Stalin.
		In 1927, the government commissioned Shostakovich to write a symphony to commemorate the 10th anniversary of the revolution.
		His Seventh Symphony, composed as tribute to his hometown of Leningrad and the devastating siege it underwent during the war, was put on microfilm and hastily flown by the military to the U.S., where renowned composer Arturo Toscanini conducted it with the NBC orchestra in a radio broadcast heard by millions.
	www.austin360.com /arts/content/arts/stories/2006/01/5cover.html (1907 words)

	Music under Soviet rule: Shostakovichiana
		From the inaugural declaration of the Shostakovich Association
		Testimonies concerning Shostakovich's attitudes to the Soviet regime
		Shostakovich's alleged interrogation by the NKVD in 1937
	www.siue.edu /~aho/musov/dmitri.html (193 words)

	Malaspina Great Books - Dmitri Shostakovich (1906-1975)
		Dmitri Shostakovich belongs to the generation of composers trained principally after the Communist Revolution of 1917.
		He occupies a significant position in the 20th century as a symphonist and as a composer of chamber music,; writing in a style that is sometimes spare in texture but always accessible, couched as it is in an extension of traditional tonal musical language.
		Katerina Ismailova remains the principal opera of Shostakovich, with the early opera The Nose,; based on Gogol,; and the ballet The Golden Age.
	www.malaspina.org /home.asp?topic=./search/details&lastpage=./search/results&ID=775 (1029 words)

	The Symphony - Dmitri Shostakovich
		Shostakovich was born in St Petersburg on 25th September, 1906, and was the son of an engineer. He developed great skills at the piano at an early age, and entered the Petrograd Conservatory at age 13, studying under Maximilian Steinberg.
		Shostakovich was forced to go back to old formulas and methods, and his Fifth Symphony was the first of his works to demonstrate this new direction. He described the work as 'a Soviet artist's reply to just criticism', and the piece won the approval of the public and even the authorities.
		Dmitri Shostakovich was a true master of his art, combining the colorful orchestral techniques of past Russian masters such as Rimsky-Korsakov with a highly intellectual sense of counterpoint and form.
	library.thinkquest.org /22673/shostakovich.html (389 words)

	UK Shostakovich Society - Shostakovich on film @ the Barbican (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Shostakovich on Film, is launched on Sunday 11 June, with a Barbican ScreenTalk of the biographical drama Testimony (UK 1988, 157mins) followed by a discussion between director Tony Palmer and Shostakovich expert and season curator John Riley, led by film critic Gareth Evans.
		Shostakovich’s hit Song of the Counterplan is still popular today but there is much more to this innovative score, which merges his music with industrial sounds.
		Shostakovich was initially unconvinced by the idea of filming his operetta but in the end he thought it worked better on screen than on stage, not least because of the enchanting fantasy sequences.
	www.shostakovich-uk.com /index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=32&Itemid=2 (1209 words)

	Dmitri Shostakovich: Sonata for Viola
		Shostakovich greatly admired Gustav Mahler, and he was obviously influenced by the “bourgeois” modernists: Stravinsky, Schoenberg, Hindemeth, Berg and early Prokofiev.
		Shostakovich was heralded in his homeland for his Seventh Symphony, The Leningrad, which was an epic, scaled work designed as a musical flag against fascist Germany during the war.
		In 1962, Shostakovich married his third wife, Irina Supinskaya, who remained devoted to him and took care of the ailing master to the end.
	home.comcast.net /~flickhead/Shostakovich.html (1087 words)

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