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Topic: Showa crisis

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	Untitled Document
		In the 1970s, the term "Showa [year] n" was revived, in the newspapers, journals, and especially by people of an older generation, because of a variety of reasons.
		It was partly a negative reaction to the first international oil crisis started by OPEC (Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries) in 1973 that led to a jump of international oil prices by over ten times and a subsequent oil boycott to all pro-American countries including Japan.
		However, in their depictions of the war, the war "appeared as a natural catastrophe which 'happened' to Japan," and the people "'were embroiled' in the war by their reckless leaders." (Gluck, 12) In other words, there was no serious self-reflection over who caused the war.
	www.iun.edu /~hisdcl/G369_2002/gluck2.htm (600 words)

	History of Japan - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		It also led to a debt crisis; a large proportion of the huge debts that had been run up turned bad, which in turn led to a crisis in the banking sector, with many banks having to be bailed out by the government.
		Eventually, many became unsustainable, and a wave of consolidation took place, and as such here are now only four national banks in Japan.
		The official figure is a little under 5%, but this is a considerable underestimate — the real level is probably around twice that.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/History_of_Japan (5490 words)

	Publications - Personal Injury Lawyers \| NC Accident Attorneys, Medical Malpractice, Car Wreck
		Investigation focused on the Showa Denko product as the most likely culprit, and it was discovered that Showa Denko was aware, early on, that its product contained unknown impurities.
		Showa Denko’s own testing confirmed the presence of the impurities and it attempted to modify its manufacturing process to address the problem.
		L-tryptophan was ultimately banned in the U.S. Showa Denko was shown to have altered its manufacturing by eliminated several quality control measures, which led to the development of the impure product.
	www.horsleylawfirm.com /publications_medical.html (9557 words)

	Dateline ACT- Ethiopia food crisis
		Driven by hunger and a promise of good land for farming and grazing they came to Showa in their thousands.
		Hundreds of people arrive daily in Showa, hoping against all odds that they will somehow survive the disaster.
		The dream of a better future has ended here at Showa in an abandoned military camp - a place where hope is hard to find, but grief and sorrow not.
	www.act-intl.org /news/dt_nr_2003/dtethiopia0103.html (440 words)

	InterAction.org \| Disaster Response
		Compounded by inadequate safety nets, poverty and other factors, the crisis has resulted in widespread food insecurity and high rates of malnutrition and disease.
		In both Ethiopia and Eritrea, CRS is the lead agency among consortiums of humanitarian aid organizations working to provide and coordinate emergency relief to nearly four million and over a half million beneficiaries, respectively.
		Oxfam America, through its diverse group of local partners, is involved in distributing food aid to the most vulnerable segments of Ethiopia's population: the elderly, pregnant women and lactating mothers, and children.
	www.interaction.org /eastafrica (2078 words)

	Gulfnews: Showa Shell turns exporter with AOC alliance (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Under the alliance, Showa Shell took a 6.58 per cent stake in AOC and began buying 30,000 barrels per day (bpd) of light and middle distillates from AOC's subsidiary Fuji Oil from last month.
		Niimi said Showa Shell is near to agreeing with AOC to further increase its purchases of oil products from Fuji Oil by 20,000-30,000 bpd from the second quarter of 2006.
		That would mean Showa Shell would take the bulk of Fuji's output of light and middle distillates.
	archive.gulfnews.com /articles/05/11/10/191415.html (394 words)

	International Financial Crises (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		It argues for a policy that recognizes that every crisis is different and that different cases need to be handled within a framework that provides consistency and predictability to borrowing countries as well as those who invest in their debt.
		However, when the crisis is resolved in a finite time period, there is an intertemporal substitution of consumption, and consumption is postponed until the crisis is resolved.
		While public deficits need not be high before a crisis, the eventual refusal of foreign creditors to refinance the country's cumulative losses forces the government to step in and guarantee the outstanding stock of external liabilities.
	www.internationaleconomics.net /crisis.html (9525 words)

	Embassy of Japan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		However, crisis followed since many continued to oppose westernization and argued to expel foreigners.
		In the August of 1945, the cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki were devastated by the atomic bombs dropped by the U.S. Forces.
		Emperor Showa (whose birth name was Hirohito) renounced his divinity and retained a solely symbolic position in Japan.
	www.us.emb-japan.go.jp /english/html/faq/02/history.htm (2387 words)

	Anti Essays : Free Essays on Causes of the Showa Restoration Essay (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Below is a free essay on "Causes of the Showa Restoration" from Anti Essays, your source for online free essays, free research papers, and free term papers.
		Meiji Restoration, the Showa Restoration was not a resurrection of the
		Restore The Emperor Expel The Barbarians: The Causes Of The Showa R
	www.antiessays.com /essay.php?eid=657 (3006 words)

	Asia Times
		What's most troubling about this flurry of activity on the economic crisis is that it seems to have been stimulated by pressures other than the banks' precarious situation, the ongoing bloodbath in the stock market, near-record unemployment, falling prices and negligible growth.
		Indosuez W I Carr chief economist Michael Taylor published a paper earlier this year comparing the government's poor response to the 1920s Showa depression with its failures during the 1990s, in part to debunk "the still-potent Japanese myth of governmental and bureaucratic competence."
		For all the talk of structural reform and recovery, after a year and a half Koizumi and his team have delivered no more than their predecessors to root out the causes and cure the economic mess stifling Japan that hurts all of Asia and the world.
	www.atimes.com /atimes/Japan/DJ04Dh01.html (1109 words)

	Japanese history: Militarism and World War II
		The Great Kanto Earthquake of 1923 and the world wide depression of 1929 intensified the crisis.
		However, the military did not consider surrendering under such terms, partially even after US military forces dropped two atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki on August 6 and 9, and the Soviet Union entered the war against Japan on August 8.
		On August 14, however, Emperor Showa finally decided to surrender unconditionally.
	www.japan-guide.com /e/e2129.html (669 words)

	Disaster News Network: Ethiopia famine looms
		A decline in donations-possibly caused by the world's attention on the war in Iraq-combined with a severe food shortage affecting up to 14 million people in Ethiopia and millions more in southern Africa is threatening to bring back the specter of the 1984 famine in Ethiopia in which 1 million people died.
		"Four children will be buried tonight", say the sextons from the cemetery in Showa -- all relatives of the children who died over the weekend.
		Agency spokesman Dean R. Owen described the situation in Ethiopia as a "huge crisis" and warned it was quickly going to get worse.
	www.disasternews.net /news/news.php?articleid=1808 (954 words)

	Japan Focus Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		In 1997, the Asian Financial Crisis occurred when IT money took aim at the Thai baht, hammering the market with waves of massive selling several times greater than the economic power of single nations, only to buy back at prices that had been hedged.
		In the early Showa period, it was the military itself that was reformist and innovative.
		It is democracy per se that is now at crisis point.
	japanfocus.org /article.asp?id=476 (4484 words)

	japan
		Keith Cowling and Philip R. Tomlinson, "The Japanese Crisis-A Case of Strategic Failure?" Economic Journal, June 2000.
		Paul Burkett and Martin Hart-Landsberg, The Economic Crisis in Japan: Mainstream Perspectives and an Alternative View, Critical Asian Studies, September 2003, http://www.lclark.edu/%7Emarty/japancas.pdf
		John W. Dower, "A Message from the Showa Emperor," Bulletin of Concerned Asian Scholars, October-December 1999.
	law.lclark.edu /~marty/japan.htm (541 words)

	Plastics Today
		Showa Denko K.K.(SDK) Starts Commercial Production of Ammonia Using Waste Plastic
		Finance Minister Trevor Manuel has approved a revised levy of 3 cents on plastic bags of all sizes.
		Tokyo, Japan, May 7, 2004 - (JCN Newswire) - Showa Denko K.K. (SDK; TSE: 4004) h...
	archive.wn.com /2004/05/11/1400/plastics (358 words)

	[No title]
		SHOWA LINE: To Merge with Nippon Yusen KK Nippon Yusen KK and Showa Line Ltd. have announced plans to
		Showa's capital and the waiver of 23 billion yen in
		poor performance on the economic crisis in the region.
	bankrupt.com /TCRAP_Public/980402.MBX (3952 words)

	Electronic News: Wafer Vendors in Price Meltdown - the outlook for silicon wafer suppliers - Industry Trend or Event
		Even if the (chip) industry did turn around and come back like gangbusters this year or next year, there's still adequate capacity to deal with it." Wafer prices should remain roughly flat through 2000, he asserted.
		As a result of the crisis, Showa Denko KK has dropped out of the market, and Sumitomo Sitix Corp. was folded into its parent, Sumitomo Metal Industries Ltd., to give it better access to capital, Rose said.
		Komatsu Electronic Metals Co. recently said it expected its wafer-making operations to lose $100 million this year, and MEMC Electronic Materials Inc. reported a $64 million net loss in its third quarter, compared to a $4 million net loss in the same quarter a year earlier.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0EKF/is_2253_45/ai_53667631 (488 words)

	Domestic Educational Organizations & Projects
		The Association of Learning Disabilities of Tokyo, Japan, was formed in 1988 by a group of concerned parents and professionals on behalf of children with learning disabilities.
		It follows the class of the elementary school, and "arithmetic of the time" "the history of the time" is divided into 8 subject, and a matter about the time are introduced.
		The Internet education service that it aims at the improvement of the kids' scholarship Scientist and/or specialist thinks if a question is asked on the "Wonder Net".
	www.cec.or.jp /gyoumu/links/domestic_en.html (6599 words)

	Causes Of The Revolutionary War \| Free Term Papers (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Restore The Emperor Expel The Barbarians: The Causes Of The Showa Rest
		The author has not made any comments about his or her paper.
		France Section 1770 - 1789 - Crisis In The Old Regime
	www.oppapers.com /read.php?id=28331 (272 words)

	Semester assignments announced for 1999-2000 academic year
		Marcos A. Vargas, operative dentistry, to travel to the Catholic University of Leuven for advanced training in microscopy techniques to evaluate the ultrastructure of resin-dentin enamel interfaces produced by dental adhesives.
		Stephen Vlastos, history, to write major portions of a book on prewar Japanese social history titled Radical Agrarianism and the Showa Farm Crisis.
		Edward A. Wasserman, psychology, to continue his work in human and animal cognition and to begin a research collaboration on the cognitive processes of baboons at the Center for Research in Cognitive Neuroscience in France.
	www.uiowa.edu /~fyi/issues97-98/021999web/semester_021999.html (2956 words)

	Abacus Desk IT Solutions Pvt Ltd.- A Web Solutions Provider Company
		Your sense of design and color scheme was what made our new web site look absolutely professional.
		Company Profile-Munjal Showa Limited is a member of Hero Group, a US $ 1.3 billion manufacturing conglomerate, with a 45-year history.
		A joint venture with Honda Motors of Japan, Hero Cycles, the largest bicycle manufacturer in the world, Majestic Auto Limited and Hero Puch, manufacturing mopeds and scooters.
	www.abacusdesk.com /portfolio.html (426 words)

	Showa Era: 1925-1989
		After the Taisho Emperor died in 1911 the next Emperor, Hirohito (ruled 1926-1989), started the Showa Era.
		Eventually this led to war with the U.S. and a temporary expansion of the Japanese Empire but eventually the defeat of the country.
		1927: Financial crisis arises due to run on banks caused by the 1923 earthquake
	www.bookmice.net /darkchilde/japan/jh10.html (1065 words)

	Articles - Meiji period (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Within the ruling circle, however, and despite the conservative approach of the leadership, Okuma continued as a lone advocate of British-style government, a government with political parties and a cabinet organized by the majority party, answerable to the national assembly.
		He called for elections to be held by 1882 and for a national assembly to be convened by 1883; in doing so, he precipitated a political crisis that ended with an 1881 imperial rescript declaring the establishment of a national assembly in 1890 and dismissing Okuma.
		Rejecting the British model, Iwakura and other conservatives borrowed heavily from the Prussian constitutional system.
	www.fullorange.com /articles/Meiji_period (2579 words)

	Publications, National Institute for Research Advancement (NIRA), Index
		Crisis Management in an Interdependent World--Analysis of Japan's Food Security (Oct. 1984)
		Investigation of Stability in the Food Supply--Countermeasures for a Sudden Crisis (Jun. 1979)
		Interruption of the Petroleum Supply--A Summary of the "Systematic Analysis of Crisis Management with Respect to Energy" (Mar. 1979)
	www.nira.go.jp /publ/output (10778 words)

	A Chronology of Japanese History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		It captures only 36 of the 126 seats up for reelection.
		Iraq invades Kuwait, thus beginning the Persian Gulf crisis and war.
		Japan has a very difficult time deciding how to participate in the war given the constraints of the "Peace Constitution."
	users.lac.uic.edu /~dturk/japanhistory/heiseihistory.html (2759 words)

	Study Questions
		The exam will include short "objective" identification questions and both brief and extended essay questions.
		Why was the Japanese system in crisis at the Western impact?
		What were the outstanding differences between the crises facing China and Japan on the eve of the encounter with the West.
	mcel.pacificu.edu /mcel/barlow/Fall01/H112'01/exams01/study.html (1850 words)

	Research Papers, Publications ESRI Discussion Paper Economic and Social Research Institute
		Evidence from Japanese Financial Institutions in the Banking Crisis
		Korean's Economic Crisis and Cultural Transition toward Individualism
		Another Look at Origins of the Asian Crisis: Tests of External Borrowing Constraints
	www.esri.go.jp /en/archive/e_dis/e_discus-e.html (2036 words)

	Kyodo News - Special (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The first exam to certify ''grain sommeliers'' is held under sponsorship of the Japan Mill...
		FEATURE: Japan enjoys revival in songs from Showa days
		Yukari Onishi, 41, called the ''Queen of Showa Period (1926-1988) songs,'' lives in the Shinsekai area in downtown Osaka, near the famous Tsutenkaku Tower, which is modeled after the Eiffel Tower and surrounded by high-rise buildings.
	home.kyodo.co.jp /modules/fstSpecial01/index.php?cmenuid=47 (396 words)

	NEP-SEA-2003-10-20
		"The Role of Economic Fundamentals in Explaining Indonesian Currency Crisis," International Studies Program Working Paper Series, at AYSPS, GSU paper0219, International Studies Program, Andrew Young School of Policy Studies, Georgia State University.
		Item ucf:inwopa:inwopa3 is not listed on IDEAS anymore
		""Mitsubishi Bank under the Showa Financial Crisis, 1927: The Crisis observed thorough the Daily Financial Data"(in Japanese)," CIRJE J-Series CIRJE-J-97, CIRJE, Faculty of Economics, University of Tokyo.
	ideas.repec.org /n/nep-sea/2003-10-20.html (315 words)

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