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Topic: Shrubland

In the News (Tue 14 Feb 12)

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	EO Experiments: Shrubland Biome
		Shrublands are the areas that are located in west coastal regions between 30° and 40° North and South latitude.
		Shrublands typically receive between 200 to 1,000 millimeters of rain a year.
		Shrublands are usually fairly open so grasses and other short plants grow between the shrubs.
	earthobservatory.nasa.gov /Laboratory/Biome/bioshrubland.html (267 words)

	USGS study casts doubt on role of fire suppression in causing catastrophic shrubland wildfires
		Consequently, native shrublands are being replaced or converted to nonnative or exotic grasslands.
		To determine the role of fire suppression in shrubland wildfires, Keeley and his colleagues investigated historical changes in fire regimes from the 19th century onwards, by using the recently available California Statewide Fire History Database.
		Such wildfires burn through both young and old age classes of shrubland, which means, said Keeley, that attempts to alter vegetation age structure across large landscapes in the hope of managing these wind-driven fires is unlikely to stop catastrophic fires.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/1999-06/USGS-Uscd-100699.php (1114 words)

	State of the Birds
		Shrublands, such as sagebrush and chaparral, are dominated by shrubs and short trees.
		Primary threats to western shrublands include conversion to pasture for grazing, invasion of nonnative species, resource extraction, too-frequent or too-scarce fire, overgrazing, and the growth of ranchettes.
		In the East, shrubland habitat is succumbing to succession to forest, over browsing by deer, and urbanization.
	www.audubon.org /bird/stateofthebirds/shrublands.html (218 words)

	Sevilleta LTER : Research : Local : Nutrient : Soil : Ecology : Documents : Discussion
		Thus, shrubland development at this location appears to have been accompanied by movement of the sandy surface soil from newly-bare areas to creosotebush canopy areas, thereby exposing the more clay-rich lower horizons in the bare areas.
		Loss of surface soil allowed buried rocks and stones to be exposed on the current soil surface, generating the desert-pavement appearance of the creosotebush shrubland (Figure 7).
		If one accepts that the creosotebush shrubland resulted from disturbance of a grassland ecosystem and that it now exists as a stable alternative ecosystem, one can ask whether the resource availability is any less than in the grassland ecosystem when considered on an area-wide basis.
	sevilleta.unm.edu /research/local/nutrient/soil/ecology/documents/discussion (1188 words)

	Shrubland
		The leading causes for declining bird populations are loss of native grasslands, overgrazing of grassland and shrubland, development of wetlands, poor forest...
		Audubon said about 36 percent of shrubland bird species were declining "significantly." Similar rates of loss were noted in a quarter of forest and urban birds...
		Thirty-six percent of shrubland bird species, 25 percent of forest bird species, 23 percent of bird species in urban areas, and 13 percent of wetland bird...
	conservation.mongabay.com /Shrubland.htm (426 words)

	[No title]
		The shrubland communities are recognised in all the reports as being significant as they are a link with the past vegetation.
		As McGlone states in his recent paper, shrublands are highly sensitive to fire and are slow to recover. The recovery index for narrow-leaved snow tussock developed by Lee et al is not designed to assess the recovery after burning of shrublands.
		This gully supports a similar shrubland to that found on Stonehurst, with the upper reaches containing tutu, and mountain flax and hebe, olearia, coprosma and broadleaf, with Melicope simplex, Carmichaelia virgata, Coprsoma crassifolia and Melicytus alpinus and matagouri in the lower reaches.
	www.forest-bird.org.nz /highcountry/tenure/Stonehurstsub.doc (1765 words)

	Colorado Partners in Flight
		Status: MCB implemented mountain shrubland habitat transects in 1998 and ran a total of 29 transects in 1999; trend data should be available for most species within 5-12 years.
		Inventory the mountain shrubland in the physiographic area (and state) for area, location, condition, rate and potential of conversions by controlled burns and other means to assess the risk to this habitat and to obtain a monitoring baseline.
		Determine the effects of prescribed burning in mountain shrubland on bird populations, with an emphasis on Common Poorwills and Virginia's Warblers.
	www.rmbo.org /pif/bcp/phy87/mt-shrub/sum.htm (1154 words)

	Mycorrhizal Citations
		Because shrublands tend to be isolated and small in the Northeast and dispersal of rare plants is further limited by the sparseness of propagule-exporting populations, multiple rare species are likely to accumulate and persist only in shrublands that are stable over long time periods.
		Alternatively, mesic shrublands could persist with only moderate rates of disturbance and through extended disturbance-free periods if the plants themselves are slowing succession or changing its trajectory.
		They can account for shrubland persistence if dominant shrub species (in some cases with a boost from human activity) foster one or more of these processes to the greater detriment of their potential competitors than to themselves.
	mycorrhiza.ag.utk.edu /latest/latest03/03_11latha1.htm (389 words)

	Herpetology - Two species of New Caledonian lizards endemic to maquis shrubland
		The distribution of maquis shrubland (dark orange) can clearly been seen extending over much of the southern third of the island, and as isolated patches along the central east coast and north-west coast.
		The maquis shrubland vegetation of New Caledonia is a characteristic low and heath-like.
		The flora of maquis shrubland on New Caledonia's ultramafic substrates is rich in species and with a very high degree of endemism.
	www.austmus.gov.au /herpetology/research/maquis.htm (855 words)

	Testing a Basic Assumption of Shrubland Fire Management: How Important is Fuel Age? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		This work examined stand-age maps of shrubland landscapes that extend from Monterey County, California south past the U.S.-Mexico border and represent a latitudinal span of about 300 miles (500 km) and gradients in precipitation, growing season, ecological communities, and land use.
		Fire frequency analysis of several hundred wildfires over a broad expanse of California shrublands revealed that there is generally not a strong relationship between fuel age and fire probabilities, as is commonly assumed.
		The probability of burning in most shrublands increased only moderately with time since the last fire, and a marked age effect of fuels was observed only in limited areas.
	www.werc.usgs.gov /pubbriefs/keeleypbmar2004.html (523 words)

	WDFW - Wildlife of Eastside Shrubland and Grassland Habitats
		WDFW - Wildlife of Eastside Shrubland and Grassland Habitats
		Most of these communities are dominated by shrubs and herbaceous vegetation (grasses and forbs) and typically have a microbiotic crust of lichens and mosses binding the upper surface of the soil.
		Although pristine climax communities do exist for eastside grassland and shrubland habitats, the majority of sites have been shaped by a legacy of past land uses that includes continuous grazing by livestock and range improvements to increase livestock forage and that in turn has facilitated invasion by exotic vegetation.
	wdfw.wa.gov /wlm/research/papers/shrub/wildlife_of_shrubsteppe.htm (696 words)

	Cuterebrid parasitism (Rogenhofera bonaerensis) on the shrubland mouse (Akodon molinae), in Argentina -- Brigada et al. ...
		Cuterebrid parasitism (Rogenhofera bonaerensis) on the shrubland mouse (Akodon molinae), in Argentina -- Brigada et al.
		Cuterebrid parasitism (Rogenhofera bonaerensis) on the shrubland mouse (Akodon molinae), in Argentina
		We evaluated the influence of temperature, rainfall, and host relative abundance on Rogenhofera bonaerensis (Diptera, Cuterebridae) parasitism prevalence in shrubland mouse (Akodon molinae) populations in central Argentina, from February 1983 to December 1987.
	www.jwildlifedis.org /cgi/content/abstract/28/4/646 (235 words)

	Ecology: Temporal dynamics in soil carbon and nitrogen resources at a grassland-shrubland ecotone
		In grasslands and shrublands, resources are concentrated in patches associated with vegetation that is surrounded by resource-depleted bare ground (Hook et al.
		The bulk of the precipitation in the Chihuahuan Desert occurs in the winter as rain or snow and in late summer as monsoonal rain; thus, pulses in microbial biomass and activities are expected to follow these periods of precipitation.
		Third, the [C.sub.mic]/[C.sub.org] ratio and the metabolic quotient are higher in the shrubland than in the grassland, indicating that the shrubland is a disturbance-caused seral stage along a succession and that the grassland is a stable stage.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m2120/is_n2_v79/ai_20574308 (1423 words)

	Shrubland Hall Health Clinic :: Providing a disciplined approach to health and wellbeing (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The sole aim of Shrubland Hall is to help you achieve your fullest health potential.
		This is particularly relevant for men and women with stressful careers who often, because of their working environment and peer pressure, find it difficult to change their way of life.
		Shrubland Hall can perform that “MOT” on wellbeing and also help to provide a programme to act as the catalyst for change.
	www.shrublandhall.co.uk /how_healthy.html (266 words)

	Shrubland Hall Health Clinic :: Providing a disciplined approach to health and wellbeing (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		"The Shrubland Hall crest symbolising life, health and freedom epitomises our philosophy at the Clinic, which was established in 1965 by my parents.
		Their belief in health and wellbeing was founded on an holistic outlook on life - a combination of sound physical and mental health.
		Shrubland Hall is a fine example of an 18th century country house situated on a working estate with fine views across the Suffolk countryside.
	www.shrubland.com (141 words)

	Archived conservation news for Shrubland
		The vegetation was mainly manuka shrubland, gorse and grass, with a scattering of pohutukawa.
		Seventy percent of the grassland species are declining along with 36 percent of the shrubland species, 25 percent of the forest species, 13 percent of the...
		Before this shrubland grew and before the bypass was built there were flat fields here and we remember around 17 years ago people brought vans up and many...
	conservation.mongabay.com /news/Shrubland.htm (640 words)

	Official Website of Shrubland Park (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Those who believe that East Anglia is 'flat' are in for something of a surprise when they first come to Shrubland Park: for the Hall stands on the edge of a steep chalk escarpment overlooking the valley of the river Gipping.
		This pronounced slope runs roughly north-east/south-west through the centre of the park, and is dissected by a number of shallow but steep-sided valleys, which serve to give it an indented, irregular profile.
		Shrubland is today best known for the elaborate nineteenth-century Italianate gardens.
	home.btclick.com /shrubland/gardens.htm (440 words)

	CNPS Policy on Shrubland Management
		This low fertility may be due to the natural mineral composition of the soil or may be the result of agricultural practices that have altered the original soil composition or structure.
		The California Native Plant Society opposes the conversion of shrubland by any means to forage, row orchard, or cover crops, or other forms of natural vegetation (type conversion), except by natural processes.
		If type conversion is proposed, compelling evidence should be provided that the fertility and stability of the soil is capable of supporting the modified resource in a sustainable manner, and that a reasonable return on the investment, including public resources, can be expected.
	www.cnps.org /archives/shrubland.htm (435 words)

	Shirley's Research Page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Due to a unique and distinct boundary between semiarid grassland and shrubland at the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge (SNWR) of central New Mexico, the SNWR is an ideal location for exploring a shrubland encroachment.
		(1) Ecosystem-scale fluxes in semiarid grassland and shrubland
		In semiarid grassland and shrubland, nearly all water falling to the Earth as precipitation is returned to the atmosphere as evapotranspiration.
	www.ees.nmt.edu /~skurc/research.html (1157 words)

	USGS - NPS Vegetation Mapping Program: Final Draft, Standardized National Vegetation Classification System, November ...
		Pentaphylloides floribunda Shrubland Alliance Populus tremuloides-Quercus spp.- Salix spp.
		choriophylla Shrubland Alliance Ribes cereum Shrubland Alliance Robinia neomexicana Shrubland Alliance Rubus parviflorus Shrubland Alliance Spiraea douglasii Shrubland Alliance Symphoricarpos albus Shrubland Alliance IV.B.2.b Subalpine or subpolar deciduous shrubland (e.g., willow, alder) WEST Rhamnus alnifolia Shrubland Alliance Salix brachycarpa Shrubland Alliance Salix glauca Shrubland Alliance Salix pseudomonticola Shrubland Alliance Vaccinium spp.
		Shrubland Alliance Shrub Prairie WEST Alnus incana Shrubland Alliance Alnus oblongifolia Shrubland Alliance Alnus sinuata Shrubland Alliance Alnus spp.
	biology.usgs.gov /npsveg/classification/appendix.html (2063 words)

	Hersperger, A (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		We evaluated (1) how important adjacency effects are relative to resource availability and disturbance in affecting plant species richness and composition in the woodland understory, and (2) which species and species groups change in abundance and presence with increasing percent shrubland in the adjacency arrangement.
		We found that, in addition to topography and previous grazing, adjacency arrangement is a major significant variable affecting the vegetation composition of woodland patches.
		Woodland vegetation did not differ significantly where adjacent shrubland was to the east or to the west of the wooded patch, nor between patches which did or did not experience a change in the adjacent shrubland in the recent past.
	www.oikos.ekol.lu.se /oikos.101.2.abstracts/12074Hersperger.htm (193 words)

	At-Risk Native Grassland and Shrubland Species (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		This indicator reports on the status of native grassland and shrubland species with respect to their relative risk of extinction.
		These status ranks are based on multiple factors: the number and condition of individuals and populations, the area occupied by the species, population trends, and known threats.
		Species are valued for a variety of reasons: they provide valuable products, including food, fiber, and, more recently, genetic materials; they are key elements of ecosystems, which themselves provide valuable goods and services; and many people value them for their intrinsic worth.
	www.heinzctr.org /ecosystems/grass/risk_ani.shtml (388 words)

	GLOBE - MUC Dictionary
		Shrubland: most of the individual shrubs are not touching each other; often with grass growing between shrubs.
		Shrubland or Thicket, Mainly Evergreen, Needle-Leaved or Microphyllous, Needle-Leaved
		Shrubland or Thicket, Mainly Evergreen, Needle-Leaved or Microphyllous, Microphyllous
	ael.physic.ut.ee /kaariku/mucdictionary.htm (6964 words)

	Colorado Partners in Flight
		Status: MCB implemented semidesert shrubland habitat transects in 1999 and ran a total of 30 transects; trend data should be available for most species within 5-12 years.
		Promote rodent and lagomorph populations of the semidesert shrublands to benefit wintering raptor populations without decreasing the area of quality habitat for summer resident birds.
		Strategy: Produce or find a producer of a brochure on the value of semidesert shrublands, portraying where they are, how to identify the major shrub species, the importance of keeping them (birds, other wildlife, livestock, visual, soil protection), the threats to them, and how to protect them.
	www.rmbo.org /pif/bcp/phy87/semi-des/sum.htm (2230 words)

	EROS Data Center International Program Archived Special Feature
		New Formation, to include the Cuban microphyllous dense montane shrublands on serpentine-derived soils, which correspond to a unique edaphic climax type developed under humid tropical rain forest climate.
		New Formation, to include the dense wind-sculpted shrublands of the coastal plain of Maisi, eastern end of Cuba.
		This Formation is characterized by a matted 1-3 m high shrub carpet with some leafless dwarf shrubs and sparse 8-25 m high emergent individuals of the palm species Coccothrinax alexandri.
	edcintl.cr.usgs.gov /tnc/products/report/chapter4.html (928 words)

	Flora and Fauna Archives (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Shrubland birds depend on habitats, like old fields and thickets, that without continual disturbance, soon become forests.
		A recent Partners-in-Flight analysis of bird abundance indicated that a large percentage of the world's population of blue-winged warblers (13%) is found in Connecticut.
		In an effort to learn more about the habitat requirements of blue-winged warblers and other shrubland species, Dr. Robert Askins of Connecticut College is beginning a research project on these birds this month.
	www.branfordlandtrust.org /archives/ffshrubland.html (288 words)

	2004 SHRUBLAND PARK PLANT FAIR Nr Ipswich - UK Gardening Shows & Events. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Held in front of the entrance into Shrubland Gardens, and surrounded by ancient sweet chestnut trees, local nurseries and garden related businesses provide visitors with a wide choice of plants and garden ornamentation.
		The nearby Italianate Shrubland Gardens are open throughout the fair: the
		Shrubland Park is approximately 5 miles north of Ipswich, Suffolk -
	www.letsgogardening.co.uk /Information/shows/shrubland2004.htm (117 words)

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