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	Shugendo - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		En-no-Gyōja is often considered the founder of shugendo.
		Shugendo evolved as a sort of amalgamation between state-sponsored Buddhism and several other religious influences in Japan around the 7th century, including but not limited to Taoism and Shinto.
		In modern times, shugendo is practiced by the Yoshino Yamabushi of Dewa Sanzan (Tendai sect), Kinpusenji and Ishiyama-dera Shingon sects, but it retains an influence on modern Japanese religion and culture.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Shugendo (250 words)

	Shugendo: Encyclopedia topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Shugendo literally means "the path of training and testing." It centers around an ascetic (ascetic: Practices self denial as spiritual discipline), mountain-dwelling lifestyle and incorporates teachings from other eastern philosophies.
		Shugendo and Yamabushi have been frequently associated in Japanese folklore with the tengu (tengu: tengu () are minor kami found in japanese folklore....
		Shugendo is nearly related to the ancient and traditional ninjutsu (ninjutsu: The traditional Japanese method of espionage; involves stealthy movements and the use of camouflage) (not the one that you can find nowadays).
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /reference/shugendo (355 words)

	Encyclopedia: Shugendo (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Shugendo is nearly related to the ancient and traditional ninjutsu (not the one that you can find nowadays).
		Shugendo evolved as a sort of amalgamation between state-sponsored ascetic and several other religious influences in Japan around the ascetic, including, but by no means limited to, ascetic and ascetic.
		Shugendo nowadays is less practiced (only by Yoshino Yamabushi and Ishiyama-dera ascetic sect), but certainly retains an influence on modern ascetic and ascetic.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Shugendo (795 words)

	Mount Ontake (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		In addition to the groups of Shugendo believers who ascend the mountain to perform their rites, local farmers also worship there early in the spring as it is believed that the mountain's god descends to the rice fields in the spring and ensures fertility in the coming year.
		Shugendo emerged in the 12th century as a result of the joining of solitary hermits who had fled Buddhist monasteries to seek magical and medical powers through fasting, meditation and ascetic practices such as standing under cold mountain waterfalls or in snow.
		Shugendo was, until recently, a very secretive group since its beliefs and rituals could only be passed on from master to disciple after a certain level of practice had been achieved.
	hkuhist2.hku.hk /nakasendo/ontake.htm (370 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Shugendo (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Shugendo evolved as a sort of amalgamation between state-sponsored Buddhism and several other religious influences in Japan around the 7th century, including, but by no means limited to, Taoism and Shinto.
		Shugendo nowadays is less practiced (only by Yoshino Yamabushi and Ishiyama-dera Shingon sect), but certainly retains an influence on modern Japanese religion and culture.
		Shugendo and Yamabushi have been frequently associated in Japanese folklore with the tengu.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Shugendo (311 words)

	SHUGENDO
		The shugendo of Tendai (Jimon) which was founded by the independent yamabushi-monk Zôyo and was very early on associated to the Shogoin-Monzeki temple; in the same way the shugendo of the Kimpusen temple (in Yoshino) & of Haguro, Hiko, Ishizuchi, Ontake...
		The doctrines of shugendo, although they may resemble (for a neophyte) the esoteric doctrines of Buddhism, lack similarity because the rites practiced come from taoism and the worship of various avatars (gongen) which populate the natural Pantheon, contrary to the other schools of traditional Japanese Buddhism.
		Shugendo, as other esoteric schools recognize the 4 great types of mandala: 1) Dai Mandara (Large mandala) where all divinities/practices are represented 2) Sanmaya-mandara (or mandala of Convention) represents the means they choose to utilize : This mandala is built with the representation of the attributes of each one (arc, jewels, sword, arrows, sutra...).
	members.shaw.ca /shugendo/intro.html (4881 words)

	Shugendo (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		In Japanese the name given the priests of the Shugendo religion breaks down into yama, meaning mountain, and bushi (often translated as warrior), meaning to lie down.
		Shugendo itself is unique to Japan, a blend of Buddhism, Shinto, and animism.
		His battleground was the mountains of Yamagata, and as the founder of "Haguro Shugendo" Hachiko came to be revered as Gokaiso, the "Opener of the Mountains".
	www.kar.telinco.co.uk /shugendo.html (229 words)

	Police Station - Forensic Files
		Shugendo is opened to the populace and the mountain retreats are accesible to the general public.
		Shugendo beliefs are based on a profound respect of the life and vitality of nature.
		She is a Shugendo - a powerfully magical sect to begin with, a rumored relation to Kaosu who displayed a hefty collection of spiritual skills, and she's a girl.
	www.mnilibrary.envy.nu /PoliceStation/foren_Myst.html (5790 words)

	Northern Earth - Shugendo
		The Japanese Buddhist sect of Shugendo is an old-established sect mingling Buddhist precepts with some shamanistic techniques predating the introduction of Buddhism to Japan in the 6th century.
		Indeed, Shugendo itself was proscribed by the nationalist government, being an unacceptable hybrid of indigenous Japanese religion - in its veneration of sacred mountains and non-Buddhist quasi-shamanistic techniques - and the foreign faith of Buddhism.
		Kizu Yuzuru, of the Japan Shugendo Society, has criticised this ban, which is based on a Buddhist tradition that women are unclean, and insists that it is a case of sexual discrimination.
	www.northernearth.com /76shugendo.htm (1188 words)

	Sacred Sites of Japan and Mt Fuji (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		According to early Shugendo myths the mountain was first climbed by the wizard-sage En no Gyoja around 700 AD, but it is more likely that the first ascents began in the 12th or 13th centuries.
		One of the areas most frequented by the yamabushi, or mountain practitioners, of Shugendo Buddhism were the three sacred mountains of Dewa Sanzan in the Yamagata prefecture of northern Honshu.
		Haguro is the seat of one the two main Shugendo orders and the wooded peak has some of the most massive and beautiful temples in all of Japan.
	www.sacredsites.com /asia/japan/introdution_sacred_japan.html (2990 words)

	En no Gyoja: idealized mountain ascetic
		This shift to a canonized and analytically smoothed-over doctrine eventually outmodes the original frontiersman of the Shugendo faith causing them to be seen as primitives or even dim caricatures of themselves.
		Shugendo was at one time a religion of true life and vitality.
		Shugendo practitioners were called Yamabushi, a term which meant 'one who lies down or sleeps in the mountains' and the sect included various types of ascetics such as unofficial monks, wandering holy men, pilgrimage guides, blind musicians, exorcists, hermits and healers.
	shugendo.bravehost.com /history_04.htm (4674 words)

	Kaze Arashi Ryu: Philosophy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Shugendo is an ancient Japanese religion of mountain asceticism which combines elements of Esoteric Buddhism, Taoism, and Shinto.
		These ideas are not unique to traditions stemming directly from Shugendo, and have influenced any number of classical martial traditions of Japan to a greater or lesser degree in the past.
		Although Kaze Arashi Ryu retains several Shugendo practices and meditations, it is practiced as a Shugendo inspired form of budo, not a religion.
	www.kazearashiryu.org /philosophy.html (1223 words)

	Kaze Arashi Ryu: History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Nishiyama Shiro (1846-1932) was raised and educated by Shugendo priests at the Dewa Sanzan shrine on Mount Haguro and Mount Yudono of Yamagata Prefecture.
		This mountainous region is home to a large complex of temples which housed different religions and their numerous sects, including the Shugendo sect founded by Shobo (Rigen Daishi, 832-909).
		Shugendo was banned by Imperial edict in 1874.
	www.kazearashiryu.org /history.html (938 words)

	Reiki-4-all Reiki forum -> Shugendo
		Shugendo is the set of rules that are followed to reach this result, and Shugenja are the adepts of this religion, which is also called Yamabushi no gyôôja or "the practice of sleeping in the mountains" -more commonly Yamabushi.
		Shugendo did not have a founder nor, for a long time, a formal doctrine.
		Shugendo monks use the conch shell (called The Conch of the Lawor hööra) to announce gatherings, or that work needs to be done, and to signal the arrival or departure of visitors.
	www.reiki-4-all.com /index.php?showtopic=1567 (2260 words)

	Horagai - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The process of transforming a shell into an instrument is kept somewhat secret, but it involves the attachment of a bronze mouthpiece to the apex of the shell's spire.
		The hora is especially associated with the yamabushi, ascetic warrior monks of the Shugendo sect.
		The yamabushi would use the trumpet to signal their presence to one another across mountaintops, and to accompany the chanting of sutras.
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Horagai (337 words)

	Untitled Document
		A tradition unique to Japan, Shugendo in developed from a combination of ancient Japanese folk traditions and various elements of Chinese religions -- Tantric Buddhism, Yin-yang school, and Daoism.
		Shugendo practitioners called "yamabushi" cultivated and dispensed this power for every imaginable human need.
		This latter practice is closely related to the ritual purification that is central to Japanese Shinto.
	www.adrian.edu /~fdetwiler/local/east2/japan01.htm (623 words)

	About Shugendo
		In later periods, while mystical Shingon Buddhism languished as a separate sect, the Shugendo practitioners were instrumental in spreading the charms and incantations of esoteric Buddhism among the people in a heady mix of Taoist talismans with Shinto elements.
		In 1948, under a new constitution imposed on a defeated-in-war Japan, Shugendo gained its religious independence, and was recognised as a distinct religion.
		On the contrary, as a religion it has little possibility for rebirth or development as it is encrusted with the historical weight of the past and its sudden thrust into the tourist trade with advertised interest in its fire walking exploits will surely overwhelm what remains of the old ways.
	shugendo.bravehost.com /history_03.htm (1518 words)

	Unknown ninjutsu (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Shugendo folowers were not supported by goverment's benevolentness and constantly were under attack.
		This persecution was inspired by the fact that most of yamabushi were self-claimed monks, who preached among people anothe version of buddhism, different from official one.
		It is considered that this persecution was the push for developing among mountainous anchorites the secret methods of guerillia warfare, camouflage and gand-to-hand combat, from wich later the ninjutsu arised.
	glory.nsu.ru /projects/satbi/satbi-e/statyi/ninjutsu.html (4482 words)

	Meiji, Usui & Shugendo (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The doctrine of Suijaku was annulled, and the Shugendo tradition of the Yamabushi was proscribed by the new regime as being an unacceptable hybrid.
		Shugendo has two main branches: Honzan-ha and Tozan-ha, these being affiliated with the Tendai and the Shingon schools of Mikkyo Buddhism, respectively.
		Pilgrimage round various holy mountains and their temple shrines is also an important feature of Shugendo, with the Yamabushi priests commonly having links with a specific mountain and its deity.
	geocities.com /fascin8or/reiki_meiji.html (1024 words)

	[No title]
		I was told it is a relationship of love and pain with nature \endash I said to a biologist Katsura introduced me to, and with whom I was now walking in the mountains.
		The only one I know is to tie oneself to a rope and throw oneself against the rocks of a cliff side; frankly, I haven\rquote t the courage for that.
		I recall the other times I practiced Shugendo during the previous days: walking with no coat in sub-zero temperatures, staying awake for a whole night, keeping my forehead pressed against the rough bark of a tree, until the pain managed to anesthetize its own self.
	www.warriorofthelight.com /engl/down/i-GLO10.rtf (1880 words)

	History of Togakure Ninjutsu - MartialArtCentral.com
		So-o was a monk at this place, but left to live for three years in a cave as an ascetic.
		It was after a dream that he formed the Tendai Shugendo sect of Buddhism.
		And it was within this sect in a small village called Togakure (now Togakushi) in the prefecture of Nagano (close to the Nagano/Gunma-ken border) in Jyoshinsetsu National Park in approximately 1165 Daisuke Nishina was born, a Samurai.
	www.martialartcentral.com /M.a.c/Articles/15.htm (634 words)

	Warrior of the Light Online
		- Shugendo means: "the way of the art of accumulating experience" - he replied, revealing that his interests go beyond the variety of insects in the region - By disciplining one's body to accept everything nature has to offer; in this way you will also educate your soul for that which God has to offer.
		The ground is rocky, and bitterly cold, but Shugendo is the communion with nature in all its aspects, including that of physical pain.
		During the whole journey, people said the monk now facing me and reciting prayers, is the greatest Shugendo specialist in the region.
	www.warriorofthelight.com /engl/edi10_caminho.shtml (1798 words)

	Shugendo - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		One term, shugenja (修験者;), is derived from the term "Shugendo" much as "Buddhist" describes a follower of Buddha or Christian a follower of Christ, though the term centers around an idea as opposed to a person.
		This encyclopedia, history, geography and biography article about Shugendo contains research on
		Shugendo, History, Followers, Further reading, External links and Religion in Japan.
	www.arikah.net /encyclopedia/Shugendo (262 words)

	E-sangha, Buddhist Forum and Buddhism Forum -> Mikkyo discussion - Tendai, Shingon, Shugendo
		Zomitsu Mikkyo is the Mikkyo found in Shugendo and the various martial traditions of Japan.
		Sorry, no connection between Shugendo and martial traditions apart from one or two historical personages who may (or may not) have practiced Shugendo or another form of similar shugyo.
		Shugendo is by far more physically demanding though, and I enjoy that.
	www.lioncity.net /buddhism/index.php?showtopic=14467 (3799 words)

	KaDo \| Tales of Healing - a journey into Japanese Shamanism by Maarten Elout (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Overshadowed and incorporated by Shintoism and Buddhism it now lives on primarily in the tradition of Shugendo [a mix of Buddhism, Shintoism and Taoism], of which the Yamabushi [the mountain ascetics] are the practitioners.
		And while in appearance and dharma Shugendo is specifically Buddhist, some of it's tools and rituals still reveal a lineage and connection to ancient shamanism.
		However, it's present form in Japan belongs to the tradition of Shugendo Yamabushi, who are known to perform mystic practices in deserted mountain areas vibrating with sacred or magical power.
	www.pathoffire.com /articles/tales.html (1837 words)

	NGN produkties - Enkû
		One of the most sacred Shugendo places is the mountain Omine, south of Nara in Japan.
		Shugendo literally means 'method to gain extraordinary religious powers'.
		In 1872 Shugendo is abolished by the government.
	home.planet.nl /~rozgo000/videos/enku/enku.html (231 words)

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