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	Nichia 's Shuji Nakamura: Dream of the Blue Laser Diode
		Nakamura, a self-described country boy, did it while working for Nichia Chemical Industries Ltd. in Tokushima, Japan.
		Nakamura may have single-handedly, or virtually so, changed the technological face of the world.
		Nakamura, now 45, received both his bachelor's degree (1977) and master’s degree (1979) in electronic engineering from the University of Tokushima.
	www.sciencewatch.com /jan-feb2000/sw_jan-feb2000_page3.htm (1238 words)

	Shuji_Nakamura_Settlement - Omori & Yaguchi, Registered Patent Attorneys in Japan
		Nakamura, who left Nichia in 1999, released a statement that he is "totally dissatisfied" with the deal but that he accepted it upon his lawyer's recommendation.
		Nakamura won a landmark case in which the district court ordered Nichia to pay him 20 billion yen for developing technology for the blue light-emitting diode, or LED, widely used in traffic signals, mobile phones, illumination and other products.
		Last year's district court ruling found that Nakamura's sole contribution to the invention was worth 60 billion yen based on company sales and licensing fees.
	www.omoriyaguchi.com /Shuji_Nakamura_Settlement_11JAN2005.htm (472 words)

	Gallium(III) nitride - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Until 1993, the only blue light-emitting devices commercially available were based on silicon carbide, which has an indirect bandgap, and so is not capable of sufficient brightness to be of wide interest.
		The development of the first high-brightness GaN light-emitting diode (LED) by Shuji Nakamura, working for the Nichia company in Japan, completed the range of primary colors, and made possible applications such as daylight visible full-color LED displays, white LEDs and blue laser devices.
		GaN-based blue laser diodes are used in the Blu-ray disc technology, used in devices such as the Sony PlayStation 3.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/gallium_nitride (548 words)

	Japanese government agency awards Nakamura multi-million dollar grant
		Nakamura is the second Japanese residing in the United States to receive the award.
		Nakamura's efforts, backed by the ERATO grant, to develop the more robust and therefore more commercially viable form of the compound semiconductor, are focusing initially on making a special high-pressure, high-temperature vessel for gallium nitride bulk-crystal fabrication.
		Nakamura is a participant in the California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), a joint collaboration between the Santa Barbara and Los Angeles campuses of the University of California, and one of the California Institutes for Science and Innovation initiated by Gov. Gray David to seed the State's high tech future.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2002-04/uocs-jga040102.php (713 words)

	Nakamura awarded $189 million for LED patents (February 2004) - News - Compound Semiconductor
		Shuji Nakamura, the researcher credited with Nichia’s phenomenal success in the nitride LED and laser field, has been awarded a sum of 20 billion yen ($189 million) in compensation for patents that he filed while working for the Japanese company.
		Nakamura, who left Nichia in 2000 to take an academic post at the University of California at Santa Barbara, was paid 20,000 yen for each of the many patents that he filed while working for Nichia.
		However, the court recognized that Nakamura was entitled to compensation based on the amount of profit generated by the intellectual property for which he was responsible.
	www.compoundsemiconductor.net /articles/news/8/2/1/1 (833 words)

	Shuji Nakamura - TheBestLinks.com - TheBestLinks.com:Find or fix a stub, University of California, Santa Barbara, ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Shuji Nakamura, TheBestLinks.com:Find or fix a stub, University of California,...
		Shuji Nakamura (中村修二) is a professor at the University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB).
		Professor Nakamura is the inventor of the first high brightness GaN LED which has the distinctive advantage of producing blue light.
	www.thebestlinks.com /Shuji_Nakamura.html (123 words)

	asahi.com : English
		Researcher Shuji Nakamura on Tuesday reluctantly agreed to a court-mediated settlement that will pay him a record sum for an invention that turned his former employer into an industry powerhouse.
		Nakamura told The Asahi Shimbun the reason he settled was because he could not expect the high court to uphold the sum ordered by the district court.
		The district court's decision last year in Nakamura's lawsuit was based on a calculation that Nichia would gain 120.8 billion yen in profits from the blue LED by 2010, when the patent for the invention expires.
	www.asahi.com /english/business/TKY200501120143.html (700 words)

	Backlash Brews Over Blue LEDs - ZeroGain Forum
		Shuji Nakamura, Professor of the University of California, invented the formula for a high-intensity blue light-emitting diode, and filed for a patent through Nichia Chemical in October 1990.
		Nakamura had initially claimed he should receive 20 billion yen from Nichia, where he was once employed.
		Nakamura, on the other hand, intends to further claim approximately 40 billion yen, the rest of the 60.4 billion yen remuneration for his invention that the Court determined.
	www.zerogain.com /forum/showthread.php?t=8888&conly=1 (1036 words)

	Nichia marches on, Nakamura licks wounds and pays lawyers (March 2005) - Compound Semiconductor magazine - Compound ...
		Nakamura revealed the inevitable: "After paying taxes and my lawyers, $8 million has become a small amount of money," he admitted.
		So when it came to the crunch, the Tokyo judge fell on the side of corporate Japan, leaving Nakamura to curse what he sees as the continued exploitation of employees who in many cases regard the firm that they work for to be more important than their own family.
		As a result, believes Nakamura, the high court judge decided to cap his compensation at $6 million, for fear of damaging Nichia's future growth.
	www.compoundsemiconductor.net /articles/magazine/11/3/4/1 (731 words)

	Gen Kanai weblog: Inventors wins in Tokyo courts
		Nakamura's legal fight is not over by any means, but in the court of public opinion, he has already won.
		Nakamura was entitled to 60 billion yens as his share of Nichia's profit.
		Nakamura had only claimed 20Bn, but chances are, as the restive Nichia are appealing, that he'd see no reason to be kind to them and file an amended claim for the whole 60Bn -- about US$ 570 million -- which the court found Nichia owed him.
	www.kanai.net /weblog/archives/001820.html (954 words)

	BBC NEWS \| Business \| Victory for campaigning inventor
		Engineer Shuji Nakamura came up with the blue LED technology used to make indicator lights on electronic devices.
		The Tokyo District Court ruled that Mr Nakamura was entitled to more than the 20,000 yen that his bosses had originally paid him for the invention.
		Mr Nakamura, now a professor at the University of California, has campaigned for Japanese firms to give more recognition to the achievements of individual inventors.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/business/3444133.stm (286 words)

	heise online - Patentstreit um blaue Leuchtdiode
		Nakamuras Schweigsamkeit hat einen guten Grund, denn es geht um viel Geld.
		Diese Angelegenheit betrifft eine sehr unerfreuliche Sache für Shuji Nakamura.
		Was Nakamura wirklich sagte, befindet sich in versiegelten Gerichtsdokumenten.
	www.heise.de /newsticker/data/jk-04.09.02-005 (495 words)

	ScienceDaily: Will Gallium Nitride Revolutionize Electronics As It Has Optoelectronics?
		Gallium nitride's prominence as the currently most promising compound semiconductor is due in large measure to the work of one man--Mishra's UCSB colleague, Materials Professor Shuji Nakamura, who used gallium nitride to create the first blue, green, ultraviolet, and white Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs), as well as a blue laser.
		Nakamura's breakthrough work with the material began in the late 1980s and focused on its optical or light producing properties.
		Shuji reached the Holy Grail of the blue LED by solving critical problems, but also by avoiding others.
	www.sciencedaily.com /releases/2002/05/020522073746.htm (2181 words)

	Nichia 's Shuji Nakamura: Dream of the Blue Laser Diode
		Nakamura: For ten years, all of my research had been on LED material and LEDs.
		Nakamura: At that time, in 1989, there were two materials for making blue LEDs: zinc selenide and gallium nitride.
		Nakamura: Right now the blue laser has a lifetime of 10,000 hours, but in that instance the power is only 5 milliwatts.
	www.sciencewatch.com /jan-feb2000/sw_jan-feb2000_page4.htm (949 words)

	Science & Technology at Scientific American.com: Blue Chip -- Shuji Nakamura beat the titans to blue LEDs and ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Nakamura, the newest addition to the engineering faculty at the University of California at Santa Barbara, stunned the semiconductor world late in 1999 when he revealed that was leaving Nichia Corporation, a once small and obscure Japanese maker of phosphors for cathode-ray tubes and fluorescent lights.
		Most remarkable of all, Nakamura, working alone and with a tight research budget, managed to open up a lead measured in years over some of the titans of U.S., Japanese, and European industrial research.
		There Nakamura was born, raised and educated at the University of Tokushima.
	www.sciam.com /article.cfm?articleID=000A1926-0EB5-1C75-9B81809EC588EF21 (767 words)

	The Science Show: 29 January 2005 - Hammack on LED
		Shuji Nakamura knew that for years large electronics firms failed to make blue LEDs, but this didn't deter him.
		And on Monday the Tokyo High Court approved a settlement that paid Nakamura, the inventor the blue LED, a record 8.1 million dollars.
		Nakamura wasn't satisfied with the amount, he wanted the 200 million awarded by a lower court, but when it was turned over on appeal his lawyer advised him to take the offer since the probability of winning the suit was "zero."
	www.abc.net.au /rn/science/ss/stories/s1292184.htm (494 words)

	Balitang Tagalog sa Japan - January 15th, 2005
		Inayos ng Nichia Corp. at ng dati nitong empleyado na si Shuji Nakamura ang kanilang alitan ukol sa patent para sa blue light-emitting diode o LED noong Enero 11 sa pamamagitan ng pagbabayad ng Nichia kay Nakamura ng 843 milyong yen.
		Sinabi ni Nakamura, 50 taong gulang at umalis ng Nichia noong 1999, na siya ay labis na hindi nasisiyahan sa kasunduan ngunit tinanggap ito dahil na rin sa rekomendasyon ng kanyang abugado.
		Ang kaso ni Nakamura ay isang napakahalagang kaso, na nag-udyok sa mga kumpanyang Hapon na muling suriin kung paano gagantimpalaan ang kanilang mga empleyado para sa kanilang mga imbensyon.
	www.livejournal.com /~bisoy/2005/01/15 (312 words)

	Nichia Announces Nitride Laser Diodes
		At the Optoelectronics and Communications COnference (OECC) in Chiba, Japan, (mid July) Shuji Nakamura reported that the duty cycle for the violet laser is now up to 50%.
		Shuji Nakanura is planning to do a demonstration of a bluish-purple laser diode using an actual InGaN MQW laser diode at the Chiba Conference, March 3-5.
		At the Photonics West meeting in San Jose, Shuji Nakamura for the first time presented his blue laser results to the technical community.
	nsr.mij.mrs.org /news/flash.html (978 words)

	Blue About Japan - Japan - Article - J@pan Inc Magazine
		Nakamura's favorite color, blue, reminds him of the skies and ocean that enveloped him while roaming the hills and beaches of home.
		Thank him -- Nakamura, a salt-of-the-earth, nature-loving family man, had planned to spend his entire career at Nichia, located in Shikoku's Anan city, loyally fulfilling his obligations under Japan's unwritten social contract which mandates employees to faithfully commit to their employer in exchange for a lifetime's employment.
		Ogawa hired Nakamura in 1979 and strongly supported him throughout his 14-year quest to develop the blue laser; in retrospect, it's clear that Nakamura, a driven, free-thinking individualist, never really did fit in.
	www.japaninc.com /article.php?articleID=53 (658 words)

	J@pan Inc Magazine December 2002 - To the Editor (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		REGARDING YOUR ARTICLE ON Shuji Nakamura (in The Pulse, November 2002, his situation is not at all a new one for engineers and inventors.
		As with Nakamura, he was unhappy, but in those days one didn't sue, even in the US, so Othmer took his creative genius off to the Brooklyn Polytechnic Institute in New York.
		One cannot be sure, but if Shuji had been given a raise in salary of tens of millions of yen and maybe even a promotion, it might have kept him on the sweet side of the company.
	www.japaninc.net /print.php?articleID=954 (1046 words)

	Light Emitting Diodes (LED) Lights
		Because of their low power requirements and ability to be cycled on and off extremely fast, they are perfect for motherboard diagnostics or ethernet board status lights.
		LEDs have always been red or amber in color but recent breakthroughs made by Shuji Nakamura have added blue, green, and white colors to their spectrum.
		Nakamura was a researcher at Nichia Chemical Industries in Tokushima, Japan before recently joining the College of Engineering at UC Santa Barbara.
	www.256.com /gray/docs/leds (428 words)

	Honda Worldwide \| World News \| News Release \| October 5, 2000
		Professor Nakamura will be the 21st recipient of the Honda Prize and the second Japanese citizen to receive the award.
		Professor Nakamura undertook the challenging task of creating crystals by using gallium nitride as material - considered a particularly difficult process - and succeeded in the development of light-emitting diodes and laser diodes, which he has managed to bring to commercial production and marketing.
		Professor Nakamura's research and development activities meet the concept of eco-technology, "a true technology developed in harmony with the entire environment surrounding all human activity," as advocated by Honda Foundation.
	world.honda.com /news/2000/c001005.html (514 words)

	Untitled Document
		Doing my homework on the plane, I noticed on the program that a man with a unique Japanese name, Shuji Nakamura, whom I'd heard a bit about already, would be presenting some new blue LED results using a compound semi material group called Group III Nitrides.
		When I walked in especially early for the emerging technology session where Shuji Nakamura was to present, I sat in the back and kibitzed with IEDM's PR person (Gary ___), he being one of the few others among the thousand plus attendees who wasn't a technologist.
		Shuji Nakamura was the most effervescent technologist I'd ever seen take the stage...
	www.legacyranch.com /breakfast/wbg-bookdraft1.html (1177 words)

	Candela-Lights - The Power of Light
		Nakamura, inzwischen Materialwissenschaftler am College of Engineering der University of California, Santa Barbara, hatte den Herstellungsprozess für blaue Leuchtdioden entwickelt, sollte dafür von Nichia ursprünglich aber nur eine Belohnung von knapp 200 US-Dollar erhalten.
		Der Physiker verklagte den Konzern daraufhin auf Herausgabe der Patentrechte an seinen Forschungsergebnissen und Zahlung einer Kompensation in Höhe von 17 Millionen Euro.
		Seit Anfang 2004 ist Shuji Nakamura auch Honorarprofessor für experimentelle Festkörperphysik an der Universität Bremen.
	www.candela-lights.de /index2.php?menu=&content=news&id=40 (220 words)

	Compound Semiconductors Online - The Original Compound Semiconductor Industry Newspaper
		Shuji Nakamura's court win of 20 billion yen (USA $188.7 million at that day's exchange rate) on Friday, January 30th in Japan, awarded to him by Judge Ryoichi Mimura, represents only a fraction of what the judge said was his rightful due.
		Then the blue spectrum IP disputes began, and in 1999, Shuji left Nichia, under trying circumstances, and moved to the USA to become a professor at the University of California at Santa Barbara, where he is now employed and continues his brilliant Nitride-based research.
		News of Shuji's unprecedented court win, the largest in Japanese history and probably one of the largest in the world, even though a fraction of what was deemed to be his due, is being regarded as a huge moral victory for all technology innovators everywhere.
	www.compoundsemi.com /documents/articles/news/3696.html (4353 words)

	Gen Kanai weblog: Shuji Nakamura, inventor & pariah
		NY Times: A Rebel in Japan Is Hailed as an Innovator in U.S. In the United States, engineers and inventors often share in the corporate rewards from innovation, through employment contracts that specify royalties or other incentives like stock options.
		Nakamura's suit is challenging many of Japan's basic assumptions about conformity in a culture where personal gain or greed, particularly among technical people, is still considered distasteful.
		Japanese business will have to be able to identify and support innovators like Nakamura for Japan to flourish in the future.
	www.kanai.net /weblog/archives/000649.html (669 words)

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